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Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem 2020to assess the quality of life and body image of men with difficulty urinating and indwelling urinary catheter users, integrating the socio-demographic, economic and...
OBJECTIVE
to assess the quality of life and body image of men with difficulty urinating and indwelling urinary catheter users, integrating the socio-demographic, economic and morbidity variables.
METHOD
a cross-sectional analytical study with 64 male patients with urinary problems. Three questionnaires were used for data collection: one containing sociodemographic, economic and morbid data, the Medical Outcome Study 36-item short-form health survey to analyze quality of life, and the Body Dysmorphic Examination, which assesses body image. T-test, Mann-Whitney, Pearson, Spearman, Linear Regression and Stepwise were used.
RESULTS
quality of life and body image were compromised in both groups, affecting emotional aspects, with a high degree of body dissatisfaction and altered physical and social adversity.
CONCLUSION
changes in patients' quality of life and body image were observed, confirming the need for improvement in care.
Topics: Adult; Body Image; Brazil; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Psychometrics; Quality of Life; Surveys and Questionnaires; Urologic Diseases
PubMed: 32667474
DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2019-0522 -
Eating and Weight Disorders : EWD Oct 2022Mental health problems among university students have been reported to be significantly increasing and suggested to be associated with college drop-out. Body...
PURPOSE
Mental health problems among university students have been reported to be significantly increasing and suggested to be associated with college drop-out. Body dissatisfaction and compulsive exercise are both constructs relevant for mental health problems in general and eating disorders in particular. This study examined associations between body dissatisfaction, compulsive exercise and self-reported symptoms of depression among Swedish university students.
METHODS
Participants (n = 4262) are students in an ongoing cohort study, and data from the baseline assessment were used. Four linear regression models were built to explore the associations between body dissatisfaction, compulsive weight control exercise and depressive symptoms.
RESULTS
Our findings showed that females reported higher levels of body dissatisfaction than males. Body dissatisfaction and compulsive exercise were associated with self-reported symptoms of depression in this non-clinical population. Results showed that compulsive exercise was negatively associated with reported symptoms of depression, while body dissatisfaction was positively associated with symptoms of depression.
CONCLUSION
In line with previous research, there was a gender difference in body dissatisfaction where females displayed higher levels of dissatisfaction than males. Body dissatisfaction was positively associated with reported symptoms of depression, suggesting support of previous research indicating body dissatisfaction to increase mental health problems. Compulsive exercise was negatively associated with symptoms of depression suggesting a behavior negatively reinforced, supporting both constructs to be of interest for reported symptoms of depression in a non-clinical population of Swedish university students.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
III, cohort study.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
http://clinicaltrials.gov/ID : NCT04465435.
Topics: Body Image; Cohort Studies; Compulsive Exercise; Depression; Exercise; Female; Humans; Male; Students; Universities
PubMed: 35179726
DOI: 10.1007/s40519-022-01374-x -
International Journal of Environmental... Feb 2022The study analyzed the differences between sexes in body image perception and body ideals to assess possible dissatisfaction and misinterpretation in the body image...
The study analyzed the differences between sexes in body image perception and body ideals to assess possible dissatisfaction and misinterpretation in the body image considered attractive for the other sex. Moreover, the influence of anthropometric traits and sports practice on body dissatisfaction and misjudgment was evaluated. Using a cross-sectional design, 960 Italian university students were investigated. Anthropometric characteristics were measured directly. Assessment of body image perception was performed using Thompson and Gray's silhouettes. We developed two new indexes to assess the possible discrepancy between (1) the perceived silhouette of one's body and that of the same sex deemed attractive to the other sex (FAD); (2) the silhouette is deemed attractive to the opposite sex and the average attractive silhouette selected by the opposite sex (AMOAD). As expected, females showed greater dissatisfaction with their bodies than males concerning both their own ideal and the silhouette they considered attractive to the opposite sex. Although both sexes misjudged the attractive silhouette for the opposite sex, women were found to be more wrong. According to the outcomes of multivariate regression models, stature, body composition parameters, amount of sport, sex, and FAD were significant predictors of dissatisfaction and misjudgment. In addition to action aimed at correcting misperceptions, the study revealed the importance of sports participation in improving the perception and acceptance of one's body image.
Topics: Body Dissatisfaction; Body Image; Body Mass Index; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide; Humans; Male; Sex Characteristics
PubMed: 35270436
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052745 -
Scientific Reports Jun 2021Amputation represents a drastic impact on the patient's body and perception. This cross-sectional study aims to analyse the aesthetic concern represented by body image,...
Amputation represents a drastic impact on the patient's body and perception. This cross-sectional study aims to analyse the aesthetic concern represented by body image, self-esteem and quality of life in patients with unilateral transtibial amputations of lower limbs compared to control group. People living with amputations present lower average levels than controls in all subscales of the SF-36 (Short Form 36 Health Survey) quality of life questionnaire, and in both the physical component summary and the mental component summary, although the difference is not statistically significant in the latter. These patients present a significantly lower mean score (p = 0.002) in the MBSRQ (Body-Self Relations Questionnaire) body image questionnaire: 2.64 ± 0.49 opposed to 3.16 ± 0.55 in controls. People living with amputations had a lower mean score on the Rosenberg Self-Esteem scale than controls (34.44 ± 4.61 v 36.04 ± 3.63). The results also show that amputation has a significant influence on the BI (Body image) of patients with unilateral transtibial amputations. SE (Self-Esteem) seems to be an aspect that is not significantly affected by lower limb amputation, although these patients scored a lower mean on the RSE scale compared to the control group. We consider it is highly relevant to assess QoL (Quality of life), BI and SE in patients after a lower limb amputation process.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Amputation, Surgical; Amputees; Artificial Limbs; Body Image; Cross-Sectional Studies; Esthetics; Female; Humans; Lower Extremity; Male; Middle Aged; Quality of Life; Self Concept; Surveys and Questionnaires; Young Adult
PubMed: 34131211
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91954-1 -
Body Image Jun 2022We examined how gender, body mass, race, age, and sexual orientation were linked to appearance evaluation, overweight preoccupation, and body image-related quality of...
We examined how gender, body mass, race, age, and sexual orientation were linked to appearance evaluation, overweight preoccupation, and body image-related quality of life among 11,620 adults recruited via Mechanical Turk. Men were less likely than women to report low appearance evaluation, high overweight preoccupation, negative effects of body image on their quality of life, being on a weight-loss diet, and trying to lose weight with crash diets/fasting. Racial differences were generally small, but greater appearance evaluation was reported by Black men versus other groups and Black women versus White women. Across all measures, gay and bisexual men reported poorer body image than heterosexual men, with only small effect sizes observed for sexual orientation differences among women. Body mass, but not age, was strongly associated with body image. The prevalence of poor body image highlights the need for interventions. On the positive side, half of men and women reported high appearance evaluation. Examination of this group could identify factors promoting positive body image.
Topics: Adult; Body Image; Female; Heterosexuality; Humans; Male; Overweight; Prevalence; Quality of Life; Sexual Behavior
PubMed: 35220024
DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2022.01.011 -
Journal of Psychosomatic Research Apr 2023Extensive psychological burden is associated with the experience of living with endometriosis, including negative changes to body image and sexual functioning. Emerging...
OBJECTIVE
Extensive psychological burden is associated with the experience of living with endometriosis, including negative changes to body image and sexual functioning. Emerging evidence suggests that potential protective factors such as body appreciation and self-compassion may help mitigate these adverse impacts of endometriosis. This study aimed to investigate the association of body image, both positive (body appreciation) and negative (body image disturbance) dimensions, with sexual distress and the potential buffering effect of self-compassion on the body image-sexual distress link.
METHODS
Data were collected via an online cross-sectional survey (N = 471) assessing body image disturbance, body appreciation, self-compassion and sexual distress in individuals with endometriosis. A series of hierarchical linear regression analyses were conducted to explore the relationship between key variables.
RESULTS
>80% of the sample reported clinically significant sexual distress and high levels of body image disturbance. Regression analyses indicated a moderate positive effect of body image disturbance with sexual distress, and a weaker inverse effect of self-compassion with sexual distress. Body appreciation was not associated with sexual distress, and no moderating effects of self-compassion were evident.
CONCLUSION
The high prevalence of sexual distress identified in this sample, along with the finding that body image disturbance was strongly associated with sexual distress, suggest that psychosocial interventions addressing body image may help ameliorate sexual distress in individuals with endometriosis.
Topics: Female; Humans; Body Image; Self Concept; Self-Compassion; Endometriosis; Cross-Sectional Studies; Empathy
PubMed: 36805454
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111197 -
Journal of Psychosomatic Research Jul 2022We aimed to quantify the associations between body image (dis)satisfaction and pressure pain thresholds in adolescents, using data from Generation XXI, a...
OBJECTIVE
We aimed to quantify the associations between body image (dis)satisfaction and pressure pain thresholds in adolescents, using data from Generation XXI, a population-based cohort study in Portugal.
METHODS
We assessed 1785 13-year old adolescents cross-sectionally. Body image satisfaction was measured using the Children's Figure Rating Scale. Pain detection and tolerance thresholds were assessed using cuff pressure algometry. We quantified the associations between body image categories (satisfied, prefers slightly thinner, prefers much thinner, and prefers heavier) and pain detection and tolerance thresholds using linear and logistic regression for continuous and binary (odds of achieving the highest distribution quarter) outcomes, respectively. Models were adjusted to pubertal stage and body mass index.
RESULTS
Adolescents who desired a heavier silhouette had lower pressure pain tolerance thresholds when compared to those who were satisfied (linear regression coefficient: -3.95; 95% confidence interval: -6.68, -1.21), which was more precise in boys (-3.51; -7.17, -0.08). Those adolescents also had lower odds of achieving the highest quarter of pressure pain tolerance threshold (odds ratio: 0.66; 0.48, 0.90), especially girls (0.58; 0.35, 0.98). Adolescents who desired much thinner silhouettes had lower odds of achieving the highest quarter of pressure pain tolerance (0.68; 0.46, 1.00), and this was clearer in girls (0.66; 0.48, 0.90). Pain detection thresholds did not show robust associations with body image dissatisfaction.
CONCLUSION
Our study suggests an association between satisfaction with one's silhouette and pain tolerance in adolescents from the general population, arguing for an integrated approach to the assessment of body image and pain sensitivity.
Topics: Adolescent; Body Dissatisfaction; Body Image; Body Mass Index; Child; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Pain; Pain Threshold
PubMed: 35468315
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.110912 -
Eating and Weight Disorders : EWD Dec 2022Fitspiration (also known as "fitspo") aims to inspire individuals to exercise and have healthy habits, but emerging research indicates that exposure to it can have a... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Fitspiration (also known as "fitspo") aims to inspire individuals to exercise and have healthy habits, but emerging research indicates that exposure to it can have a negative impact on body image. This study aims to analyze the relationship between individuals' exposure to fitspiration content and body image measures or associated variables (e.g., appearance comparison).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A comprehensive search of peer-reviewed papers published in English between 2000 and August 2022 was conducted in PubMed, PsycINFO and Google Scholar, based on the PICOS model. To be included, studies had to analyze the relationship between exposure to fitspiration content (I) and body image or associated variables (O) in adolescents and adults (P). Study methodological quality was assessed using an adaptation of the EPHPP Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies. Outcome data were synthesized narratively and by vote counting.
RESULTS
Twenty articles met the eligibility criteria and were included. Nineteen studies analyzed the relationship between fitspiration and body image, twelve analyzed the association between exposure to fitspiration and physical appearance comparison tendencies, and nine analyzed the association between fitspiration content and mood. One study analyzed the association between frequency of viewing fitspiration content and motives for exercise. Results showed that exposure to "fitspiration" increased individuals' body dissatisfaction, physical appearance comparisons, and negative mood, especially in younger populations.
CONCLUSIONS
Fitspiration has been seen as a new and prolific digital trend, considered beneficial for health. However, our results showed that fitspo is associated with negative body image, especially in younger populations that are more exposed to this content. Most of the studies were conducted in females and young age participants, which limits the extrapolation of results by gender and age. Future studies are needed to confirm and extend these findings.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level 1, Systematic Review.
Topics: Adult; Female; Adolescent; Humans; Body Image; Social Media; Exercise; Body Dissatisfaction; Physical Appearance, Body
PubMed: 36401082
DOI: 10.1007/s40519-022-01505-4 -
Nutrients Oct 2023Unhealthy dietary behaviors and body dissatisfaction are becoming increasingly common among college students. Understanding the association between body image...
Unhealthy dietary behaviors and body dissatisfaction are becoming increasingly common among college students. Understanding the association between body image flexibility and intermittent fasting is particularly meaningful, especially for medical college students. This study aimed to investigate the association between body image flexibility and intermittent fasting among medical students. We conducted a cross-sectional study with 5138 medical college students at Jitang College of North China University of Science and Technology. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to evaluate the association between body image flexibility and intermittent fasting. Subgroup analysis and interaction tests were further used to examine the possible interaction between body image flexibility and intermittent fasting. In this study, 1329 (25.87%) students had intermittent fasting behavior. After adjustment for confounding factors, there was a negative association between body image flexibility and intermittent fasting (OR = 0.94, 95%CI = 0.93 to 0.95, < 0.001). A significant interaction between body image flexibility and intermittent fasting was found in gender, academic year, major, and monthly living expenses ( for interaction < 0.05). E-value analysis suggested there was unlikely to be an unmeasured confounding. This association could contribute to the establishment of personalized health intervention strategies and provide recommendations for promoting the physical and mental health of medical students.
Topics: Humans; Body Image; Cross-Sectional Studies; Students, Medical; Intermittent Fasting; East Asian People; China; Universities
PubMed: 37836557
DOI: 10.3390/nu15194273 -
The International Journal of Eating... Jul 2021The persistence of physical exercise in anorexia nervosa (AN) despite underweight and its maintaining factors are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to explore...
BACKGROUND
The persistence of physical exercise in anorexia nervosa (AN) despite underweight and its maintaining factors are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to explore the attitudes toward physical exercise and its effects on emotions, cognitive functioning, and body image perception in patients with AN, and to search for exercise-related endophenotypes of the pathology.
METHODS
Physical exercise dependence, quantity, and dysregulation were assessed by the Exercise Dependence Scale (EDS), the Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ) and a standardized effort test in 88 patients with AN, 30 unaffected relatives and 89 healthy controls. Changes in positive and negative affect, cognitive rigidity, and body image distortion were measured before and after the effort test in the three groups.
RESULTS
Patients with AN had higher scores on the EDS and the GLTEQ and used more effort in the standardized effort test. These three measures of physical exercise correlated with negative emotions at baseline. After the effort test, patients with AN had marked emotional improvement, a moderate increase in body image distortion and a small increase in cognitive rigidity compared to HC. Unaffected relatives also had a significant postexercise increase of positive emotion.
DISCUSSION
The mood-related drive for physical exercise has the characteristics of an endophenotype of the disorder. Excessive and driven physical exercise may be state-associated features of AN, driven by the positive effect on emotional wellbeing.
Topics: Anorexia Nervosa; Body Image; Emotions; Endophenotypes; Exercise; Humans
PubMed: 33710637
DOI: 10.1002/eat.23503