-
Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2022We describe the successful treatment of a series of 30 zoonotic sporotrichosis cases from southern Brazil. was the species genotypically identified in all 25 confirmed...
We describe the successful treatment of a series of 30 zoonotic sporotrichosis cases from southern Brazil. was the species genotypically identified in all 25 confirmed cases. Five other cases were classified as probable, without laboratory confirmation, but with clinical and epidemiological data of cat-transmitted sporotrichosis. Two isolates were sequenced by translation elongation factor-1 alpha (EF1α) loci in order to compare their sequences, and both of them showed distinct genotypes from strains from other Brazilian states. Itraconazole (ITZ) or potassium iodide (KI) were the first choice treatment in 28 and 2 cases, respectively. Microdilution assay showed a wild-type profile of isolates to ITZ. However, a lack of clinical response occurred in 42% of cases, especially those treated with ITZ 100 mg/day, and treatment needed modifications, by either increased doses or antifungal combinations. Clinical cure required a mean of 187 days of treatment, which was dependent on the clinical form of the disease and age of patients. Therapy, including dosages and durations, for cutaneous forms of sporotrichosis requires re-evaluation, since cases caused by may influence treatment efficacy.
PubMed: 35050010
DOI: 10.3390/jof8010070 -
ACS Nano Nov 2021Iodine has shown promise in enhancing radiotherapy. However, conventional iodine compounds show fast clearance and low retention inside cancer cells, limiting their...
Iodine has shown promise in enhancing radiotherapy. However, conventional iodine compounds show fast clearance and low retention inside cancer cells, limiting their application as a radiosensitizer. Herein, we synthesize poly(maleic anhydride--1-octadecene) coated KI nanoparticles (PMAO-KI NPs) and evaluate their potential for enhancing radiotherapy. Owing to the polymer coating, the KI core of PMAO-KI NPs is not instantly dissolved in aqueous solutions but slowly degraded, allowing for controlled release of iodide (I). I is transported into cells via the sodium iodide symporter (NIS), which is upregulated in breast cancer cells. Our results show that PMAO-KI NPs can enhance radiation-induced production of reactive oxygen species such as hydroxyl radicals. When tested with MCF-7 cells, PMAO-KI NPs promote radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks and lipid peroxidation, causing a drop in cancer cell viability and reproductivity. When tested in MCF-7 bearing mice, PMAO-KI NPs show significant radiosensitizing effects, leading to complete tumor eradication in 80% of the treated animals without inducing additional toxicity. Overall, our strategy exploits electrolyte nanoparticles to deliver iodide into cancer cells through NIS, thus promoting radiotherapy against breast cancer.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Iodides; Potassium Iodide; Cell Line, Tumor; Tretinoin; Nanoparticles; Neoplasms
PubMed: 34694109
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c01435 -
Case Reports in Dermatological Medicine 2021Sporotrichosis is a fungal infection endemic in Latin America and has been attributed to the thermodimorphic fungus of the genus . Transmission to humans occurs during a...
Sporotrichosis is a fungal infection endemic in Latin America and has been attributed to the thermodimorphic fungus of the genus . Transmission to humans occurs during a traumatic injury with soil or organic material; additionally, lesions caused by infected cats play an important role in the epidemiology of the disease. The classic treatment of sporotrichosis is performed with itraconazole or potassium iodide; second-line medications, such as amphotericin B and terbinafine, can alternatively be used in cases of first-line drug failure. In the present study, a patient with lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis in the right upper limb exhibited intolerance to itraconazole and potassium iodide, additionally during the period of use; these drugs did not control skin lesions. In this patient, amphotericin B deoxycholate and its liposomal version were used in this patient; and complete recovery of the lesions was observed.
PubMed: 34659843
DOI: 10.1155/2021/9453701 -
Endocrine Journal Jun 2020The efficacy of potassium iodide (KI) for Graves' disease (GD) has been reported, although few clinical reports have examined the long-term efficacy of treatment. The... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
The efficacy of potassium iodide (KI) for Graves' disease (GD) has been reported, although few clinical reports have examined the long-term efficacy of treatment. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy and limitations of KI treatment for GD. This study enrolled patients newly diagnosed with mild GD, defined as free thyroxine (FT4) <5.0 ng/dL, between July 2014 and June 2016. KI was started at a dose of 50 mg/day, and if FT4 values did not decrease after initiation of treatment, doses were increased to 100 mg/day. Patients for whom thyroid hormone levels could not be controlled with KI at 100 mg/day were regarded as non-responders. Of the 122 patients (13 males, 109 females) included in this study, 71 (58.2%) responded to KI therapy. The remaining 51 patients (41.8%) were non-responders. The median duration required to judge non-responsiveness was 5.9 months. Multiple logistic regression analysis performed on parameters measured at the initial visit indicated FT4 (odds ratio (OR) 2.19, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.28-3.75; p = 0.0007) and male sex (OR 3.58, 95%CI 1.04-12.3; p = 0.04) were significantly associated with KI responsiveness. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of the relationship between FT4 and KI responsiveness indicated an FT4 cut-off of 2.76 ng/dL was optimal for differentiating between responders and non-responders. KI therapy was effective and safe for about 60% of patients with mild GD.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Graves Disease; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Potassium Iodide; Severity of Illness Index; Thyroid Function Tests; Thyroxine; Treatment Outcome; Triiodothyronine; Young Adult
PubMed: 32188795
DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.EJ19-0379 -
IUCrData May 2021The title compound, [Co(CH)(CHN)]PF, was synthesized from deproton-ated 1-amino-pyridinium iodide, followed by microwave-assisted nucleophilic aromatic substitution of...
The title compound, [Co(CH)(CHN)]PF, was synthesized from deproton-ated 1-amino-pyridinium iodide, followed by microwave-assisted nucleophilic aromatic substitution of iodo-cobaltocenium iodide. After anion exchange with potassium hexa-fluorido-phosphate, the title compound crystallizes as orange prisms in the space group . This very stable pyridine nitrene adduct is the first example of a cobaltocenium derivative, formally containing a nitrene nitro-gen species.
PubMed: 36338271
DOI: 10.1107/S2414314621004600 -
Scientific Reports Aug 2021Few studies have assessed the application and side effects of potassium iodide (KI) iontophoresis. Using a double-blinded randomized controlled trial with a 1:1... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Few studies have assessed the application and side effects of potassium iodide (KI) iontophoresis. Using a double-blinded randomized controlled trial with a 1:1 parallel-group, we investigated the effect of galvanization and the KI iontophoresis in the throat and larynx on three thyroid parameters. A total of 50 healthy volunteers with normal TSH, FT, and FT levels and lacking focal changes in the thyroid ultrasonography were subjected to 10 electrotherapy treatments. The TSH, FT, and FT levels were determined prior to the 10 electrotherapeutic treatments (T1), 2-weeks after treatment (T2) and 6-months after treatment (T3). At T2 and T3, both groups had normal levels of TSH, FT, and FT. Regarding the change of TSH, FT, and FT levels between T1 vs. T2 and T1 vs. T3, no significant differences between the galvanization and iontophoresis groups were found. However, both groups had lower levels of all three hormones at T3. Together, these data indicate that KI iontophoresis does not affect thyroid hormone levels in the short- nor long-term. Additional follow-up studies with larger groups are required to better confirm the safety of galvanization and iontophoresis procedures in the pharynx and larynx.Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04013308; URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov ). Day of first registration 09/07/2019.
Topics: Body Mass Index; Electric Stimulation Therapy; Female; Humans; Iontophoresis; Larynx; Male; Pharynx; Potassium Iodide; Thyroid Gland; Thyrotropin; Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine
PubMed: 34341406
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95145-w -
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) Jul 2022The most frequent thyroid cancer is Differentiated Thyroid Cancer (DTC) representing more than 95% of cases. A suitable choice for the treatment of DTC is the systemic... (Review)
Review
The most frequent thyroid cancer is Differentiated Thyroid Cancer (DTC) representing more than 95% of cases. A suitable choice for the treatment of DTC is the systemic administration of 131-sodium or potassium iodide. It is an effective tool used for the irradiation of thyroid remnants, microscopic DTC, other nonresectable or incompletely resectable DTC, or all the cited purposes. Dosimetry represents a valid tool that permits a tailored therapy to be obtained, sparing healthy tissue and so minimizing potential damages to at-risk organs. Absorbed dose represents a reliable indicator of biological response due to its correlation to tissue irradiation effects. The present paper aims to focus attention on iodine therapy for DTC treatment and has developed due to the urgent need for standardization in procedures, since no unique approaches are available. This review aims to summarize new proposals for a dosimetry-based therapy and so explore new alternatives that could provide the possibility to achieve more tailored therapies, minimizing the possible side effects of radioiodine therapy for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.
PubMed: 35885666
DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12071763 -
International Journal of Clinical... 2021To evaluate and compare the effect of potassium iodide (KI) and glutathione (GSH) on tooth discoloration after application of 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) in...
AIM
To evaluate and compare the effect of potassium iodide (KI) and glutathione (GSH) on tooth discoloration after application of 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) in primary molars. Total of 30 primary molars were randomly divided into three groups of 10 each. Teeth were prepared and divided into: Group A-SDF only, Group B-SDF followed immediately by application of KI, and Group C-SDF was mixed with 25 mg of GSH. Final restoration was done using glass ionomer cement. Visual examination and color assessments using spectrophotometer were recorded at three time interval points, that is, day 1, 1 week, and 4 weeks.
RESULTS
Statistical analysis was done using a repeated measures analysis of variances (ANOVA) test. The spectrophotometer results showed that Group A (SDF) exhibited the greatest amount of discoloration at all time intervals, while Group C (SDF + GSH) group was effective in decreasing the discoloration. Whereas, Group B (SDF + KI) significantly reduced the discoloration over the period of time. ( = 0.008).
CONCLUSION
KI can effectively reduce discoloration after application of 38% SDF. GSH can also be used as an alternative.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
This two-step treatment for arresting caries can be a practical and low-cost option in areas with limited access to comprehensive dental care.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE
Kamble AN, Chimata VK, Katge F A, Comparative Evaluation of Effect of Potassium Iodide and Glutathione on Tooth Discoloration after Application of 38% Silver Diamine Fluoride in Primary Molars: An Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(6):752-756.
PubMed: 35110866
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2076 -
Heliyon Jul 2023In this study, we have developed a new ultrasonic synthesis method of dibenzoepines using olanzapine and quetiapine, which are well-known drugs for the treatment of...
In this study, we have developed a new ultrasonic synthesis method of dibenzoepines using olanzapine and quetiapine, which are well-known drugs for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. The method is based on the -alkylation reaction of the piperazine fragment in tricyclic compounds with methyl iodide or 2-(2-chloroethoxy)ethanol as the alkylating agent, respectively. The synthesis reactions were carried out in an ultrasonic bath with solvents such as acetonitrile or dimethylformamide in the presence of potassium or sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide and metal-free, ecological phase transfer catalyst at a temperature of 40-50 °C. This allowed us to obtain olanzapine in 1 h (Y = 67%), and quetiapine in 3 h (Y = 72%). An ultrasonic reactor (Qsonica Q700) was used in the synthesis of olanzapine and made it possible to shorten the reaction time to 10 min and obtain 90% yield with very high purity. The developed method allows obtaining compounds in mild conditions and in a short time, thanks to which the process is more ecological than others described in the literature.
PubMed: 37539205
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18319 -
Cureus Nov 2023Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by thyroid-stimulating antibodies that can potentially lead to thyrotoxicosis, goiter, skin disease, and eye... (Review)
Review
Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by thyroid-stimulating antibodies that can potentially lead to thyrotoxicosis, goiter, skin disease, and eye disease. Available treatment options for Graves' disease include management with antithyroid drugs (ATDs), thyroid ablation with radioactive iodine (RAI), and surgical thyroid gland removal. For individuals unable to reach a normal thyroid hormone level, promptly considering a thyroidectomy is essential. Preoperative strategies to achieve a euthyroid state prevent thyroid storms and minimize postoperative complications and are therefore crucial. While variations in professional guidance exist, this review focuses on standard medical interventions as well as compares respective guidelines set forth by the American Thyroid Association, the European Thyroid Association, the American Association of Clinical Endocrinology, and the American Association of Endocrine Surgeons. There is consensus among these organizations underscoring the importance of rendering patients euthyroid prior to surgery and the use of ATDs. Most guidelines recommend screening for vitamin D deficiency as well as endorse thyroidectomy as the preferred treatment option for hyperthyroidism with skilled surgeons. Nevertheless, discrepancies do become apparent in aspects such as potassium iodide (SSKI) course duration and preoperative dexamethasone administration. By understanding these differing approaches, healthcare professionals can more effectively manage Graves' disease prior to surgery, resulting in improved patient outcomes and enhanced surgical success.
PubMed: 38046703
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48156