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PloS One 2019Oxalate, a ubiquitous compound in many plant-based foods, is absorbed through the intestine and precipitates with calcium in the kidneys to form stones. Over 80% of...
Oxalate, a ubiquitous compound in many plant-based foods, is absorbed through the intestine and precipitates with calcium in the kidneys to form stones. Over 80% of diagnosed kidney stones are found to be calcium oxalate. People who form these stones often experience a high rate of recurrence and treatment options remain limited despite decades of dedicated research. Recently, the intestinal microbiome has become a new focus for novel therapies. Studies have shown that select species of Lactobacillus, the most commonly included genus in modern probiotic supplements, can degrade oxalate in vitro and even decrease urinary oxalate in animal models of Primary Hyperoxaluria. Although the purported health benefits of Lactobacillus probiotics vary significantly between species, there is supporting evidence for their potential use as probiotics for oxalate diseases. Defining the unique metabolic properties of Lactobacillus is essential to define how these bacteria interact with the host intestine and influence overall health. We addressed this need by characterizing and comparing the metabolome and lipidome of the oxalate-degrading Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus gasseri using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. We report many species-specific differences in the metabolic profiles of these Lactobacillus species and discuss potential probiotic relevance and function resulting from their differential expression. Also described is our validation of the oxalate-degrading ability of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus gasseri, even in the presence of other preferred carbon sources, measuring in vitro 14C-oxalate consumption via liquid scintillation counting.
Topics: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Lactobacillus acidophilus; Lactobacillus gasseri; Lipid Metabolism; Lipidomics; Mass Spectrometry; Metabolomics; Oxalates; Probiotics; Scintillation Counting
PubMed: 31545840
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222393 -
Nutrients Feb 2023Aging-related gut microbiota dysbiosis initiates gut inflammation and microbiota dysbiosis, which induce the occurrence of psychiatric disorders including dementia. The...
Aging-related gut microbiota dysbiosis initiates gut inflammation and microbiota dysbiosis, which induce the occurrence of psychiatric disorders including dementia. The alleviation of gut microbiota dysbiosis by probiotics is suggested to be able to alleviate psychiatric disorders including cognitive impairment (CI). Therefore, to understand how probiotics could alleviate CI, we examined the effects of anti-inflammatory NK109 and its supplement (NS, mixture of NK109 and soybean embryo ethanol extract) on cognitive function in aged (Ag), 5XFAD transgenic (Tg), or mildly cognition-impaired adult fecal microbiota (MCF)-transplanted mice. Oral administration of NK109 or NS decreased CI-like behaviors in Ag mice. Their treatments suppressed TNF-α and p16 expression and NF-κB-activated cell populations in the hippocampus and colon, while BDNF expression was induced. Moreover, they partially shifted the β-diversity of gut microbiota in Ag mice to those of young mice: they decreased Bifidobacteriaceae, Lactobacillaceae, and Helicobacteriaceae populations and increased Rikenellaceae and Prevotellaceae populations. Oral administration of NK109 or NS also reduced CI-like behaviors in Tg mice. Their treatments induced BDNF expression in the hippocampus, decreased hippocampal TNF-α and Aβ expression and hippocampal and colonic NF-κB-activated cell populations. NK109 and NS partially shifted the β-diversity of gut microbiota in Tg mice: they decreased Muribaculaceae and Rhodospiraceae populations and increased Helicobacteriaceae population. Oral administration of NK109 or NS decreased MCF transplantation-induced CI-like behaviors in mice. NK109 and NS increased hippocampal BDNF expression, while hippocampal and colonic TNF-α expression and NF-κB-activated cell populations decreased. These findings suggest that dementia can fluctuate the gut microbiota composition and NK109 and its supplement NS can alleviate CI with systemic inflammation by inducing BDNF expression and suppressing NF-κB activation and gut microbiota dysbiosis.
Topics: Mice; Animals; NF-kappa B; Lactobacillus gasseri; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Dysbiosis; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Cognitive Dysfunction; Mice, Transgenic; Inflammation; Dementia; Mice, Inbred C57BL
PubMed: 36771498
DOI: 10.3390/nu15030790 -
Scientific Reports Jun 2022Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) refers to disorders involving chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Well-established treatments for IBD have not yet to be...
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) refers to disorders involving chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Well-established treatments for IBD have not yet to be suggested. To address this gap, we investigated the effects of co-administration of Lactobacillus gasseri (L. gasseri) KBL697 and infliximab (IFX), the first approved tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha inhibitor, on the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis mouse model. 2 × 10 colony-forming units/g of L. gasseri KBL697 were administered to seven-week-old female C57BL/6J mice daily by oral gavage. On day three, IFX (5 mg/kg) suspended in 1 × PBS (200 µL) was intravenously injected in the IFX-treated group and all mice were sacrificed on day nine. Co-administration of L. gasseri KBL697 and IFX improved colitis symptoms in mice, including body weight, disease activity index, colon length, and histology score. Additionally, pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interferon-gamma, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-17A, and TNF were significantly decreased, while IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, was increased. Expression levels of tight junction genes and CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + T regulatory cells in the mesenteric lymph nodes were synergistically upregulated with the combined treatment. Furthermore, co-administered mice displayed altered cecum microbial diversity and composition with increases in the genus Prevotella. Related changes in the predicted amino and nucleic acid metabolic pathways were also evident, along with increased acetate and butyrate level. Therefore, the synergistic effect of L. gasseri KBL697 and IFX co-administration is a possible method of prevention and treatment for IBD.
Topics: Animals; Colitis; Colon; Cytokines; Dextran Sulfate; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Immunologic Factors; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Infliximab; Lactobacillus gasseri; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
PubMed: 35688918
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13753-6 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2023Currently, hyperuricemia has shown a surprisingly rising trend, which attracts widespread attention due to potentially major health risks. Considering the inevitable...
INTRODUCTION
Currently, hyperuricemia has shown a surprisingly rising trend, which attracts widespread attention due to potentially major health risks. Considering the inevitable side effects of long-term medicine, probiotics are emerging as potential therapeutics due to their ability to improve uric acid metabolism and superior safety.
METHODS
In our study, two strains of probiotics, 08 (LG08) and 58 (LM58) isolated from kimchi were evaluated for the prebiotic properties and uric-lowering effects . Here, hyperuricemia animal model and 16S rRNA gene amplicons analysis were further studied to investigate whether these probiotics exert different effects in prevention and treatment.
RESULTS
indicators and intestinal flora immunity revealed that both LG08 and LM58 significantly prevent the development and progression of hyperuricemia, repair the antioxidant system and maintain intestinal flora balance in healthy rats, especially LM58. After hyperuricemia was formed, although the effect of LG08 and LM58 could decrease the level of uric acid, the effect to reverse and repair antioxidant levels in the body was limited.
DISCUSSION
In our study, these findings have important implications for hyperuricemia prevention and therapy, and provided more mechanistic insights into the effect of probiotics in hyperuricemia.
PubMed: 37378287
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1211831 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2022The development of functional foods containing probiotic bacteria has become increasingly relevant to improve and maintain health. However, this is often limited to...
The development of functional foods containing probiotic bacteria has become increasingly relevant to improve and maintain health. However, this is often limited to dairy food matrices given the complexity involved in maintaining a stable system together with high microbial viability in matrices such as juices. The objective of this study was to develop and characterize sodium alginate capsules loaded with ATCC 19992 ™ (LG). Cell viability under in vitro gastrointestinal conditions and during storage in apple juice were evaluated. The capsules were prepared by ionic gelation and an emulsification process was performed as pretreatment using two homogenization methods: magnetic stirring (AM) and Ultraturrax rotor-stator homogenizer (UT). Cell viability after encapsulation was similar in the two processes: 65%. At the end of the in vitro gastrointestinal evaluation, the non-encapsulated probiotic cells did not show any viability, while the AM system was able to retain 100% of its viability and the UT retained 79.14%. The morphology of the capsules consisted of a continuous and homogeneous surface. Cell viability of LG encapsulated in apple juice stored at 4 °C for 21 days was 77% for AM, 55.43% for UT, and 63.10% for free LG.
PubMed: 35267373
DOI: 10.3390/foods11050740 -
Enzyme and Microbial Technology Sep 2023Lactobacillus contribute to maintain the human healthy and use for nutritional additives as probiotics. In this study, a cholesterol-lowering bacterium, Lactobacillus...
Lactobacillus contribute to maintain the human healthy and use for nutritional additives as probiotics. In this study, a cholesterol-lowering bacterium, Lactobacillus gasseri TF08-1, was isolated from the feces of a healthy adolescent, and its probiotic potentials were evaluated through genomic mining and in vitro test. The assembled draft genome comprised of 1,974,590 bp and was predicted total of 1,940 CDSs. The annotation of the genome revealed that L. gasseri TF08-1 harbored abundant categories of functional genes in metabolic and information processing. Moreover, strain TF08-1 has capacity to utilize D-Glucose, Sucrose, D-Maltose, Salicin, D-Xylose, D-Cellobiose, D-Mannose, and D-Trehalose, as the carbon source. The safety assessment showed strain TF08-1 contained few antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors and was only resistant to 2 antibiotics detected by antimicrobial susceptibility test. A high bile salt hydrolase activity was found and a cholesterol-reducing effect was determined in vitro, which the result showed a remarkable cholesterol removal capability of L. gasseri TF08-1 with an efficiency of 84.40 %. This study demonstrated that the strain showed great capability of exopolysaccharide production, and tolerance to acid and bile salt. Therefore, these results indicate that L. gasseri TF08-1 can be considered as a safe candidate for probiotic, especially its potential in biotherapeutic for metabolic diseases.
Topics: Adolescent; Humans; Lactobacillus gasseri; Lactobacillus; Feces; Cholesterol; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Probiotics
PubMed: 37321015
DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2023.110276 -
BMC Genomics Feb 2020Lactobacillus gasseri as a probiotic has history of safe consumption is prevalent in infants and adults gut microbiota to maintain gut homeostasis. (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
Lactobacillus gasseri as a probiotic has history of safe consumption is prevalent in infants and adults gut microbiota to maintain gut homeostasis.
RESULTS
In this study, to explore the genomic diversity and mine potential probiotic characteristics of L. gasseri, 92 strains of L. gasseri were isolated from Chinese human feces and identified based on 16 s rDNA sequencing, after draft genomes sequencing, further average nucleotide identity (ANI) value and phylogenetic analysis reclassified them as L. paragasseri (n = 79) and L. gasseri (n = 13), respectively. Their pan/core-genomes were determined, revealing that L. paragasseri had an open pan-genome. Comparative analysis was carried out to identify genetic features, and the results indicated that 39 strains of L. paragasseri harboured Type II-A CRISPR-Cas system while 12 strains of L. gasseri contained Type I-E and II-A CRISPR-Cas systems. Bacteriocin operons and the number of carbohydrate-active enzymes were significantly different between the two species.
CONCLUSIONS
This is the first time to study pan/core-genome of L. gasseri and L. paragasseri, and compare their genetic diversity, and all the results provided better understating on genetics of the two species.
Topics: Adult; Asian People; Bacterial Proteins; Bacteriocins; CRISPR-Cas Systems; DNA, Bacterial; Feces; Genome, Bacterial; Genomics; Humans; Infant; Lactobacillus gasseri; Phylogeny; Probiotics; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 32013858
DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6527-y -
Microbiology Resource Announcements Sep 2022Lactobacillus gasseri frequently colonizes the lower urinary tract of healthy women. However, the role of L. gasseri in urinary tract health and the genes required for...
Lactobacillus gasseri frequently colonizes the lower urinary tract of healthy women. However, the role of L. gasseri in urinary tract health and the genes required for urinary tract colonization are poorly understood. Herein, we announce the complete genome sequences of three Lactobacillus gasseri isolates collected from the urine of postmenopausal women.
PubMed: 35938830
DOI: 10.1128/mra.00481-22 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2019The ability of to evade the host immune system allows the bacterium to colonize the host for a lifetime. Long-term infection with causes chronic inflammation, which is...
The ability of to evade the host immune system allows the bacterium to colonize the host for a lifetime. Long-term infection with causes chronic inflammation, which is the major risk factor for the development of gastric ulcers and gastric cancer. Lactobacilli are part of the human microbiota and have been studied as an adjunct treatment in eradication therapy. However, the molecular mechanisms by which lactobacilli act against infection have not been fully characterized. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of strains upon coincubation of host macrophages with . We found that Kx110A1 (L. gas), a strain isolated from a human stomach, but not other tested species, blocked the production of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF and IL-6 in -infected macrophages. Interestingly, L. gas also inhibited the release of these cytokines in LPS or LTA stimulated macrophages, demonstrating a general anti-inflammatory property. The inhibition of these cytokines did not occur through the polarization of macrophages from the M1 (proinflammatory) to M2 (anti-inflammatory) phenotype or through the altered viability of or host cells. Instead, we show that L. gas suppressed the release of TNF and IL-6 by reducing the expression of ADAM17 (also known as TNF-alpha-converting enzyme, TACE) on host cells. Our findings reveal a novel mechanism by which L. gas prevents the production of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF and IL-6 in host macrophages.
Topics: ADAM17 Protein; Cell Polarity; Cytokines; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Interleukin-6; Lactobacillus gasseri; Macrophages; THP-1 Cells; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
PubMed: 31636639
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02326 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Dec 2020Carrot juice (straight, 8.5 Brix and concentrated, 15.2 Brix) was fermented by lactic acid bacteria ( strain DSM 20604 or DSM 20077). Fermentation enhanced the...
Carrot juice (straight, 8.5 Brix and concentrated, 15.2 Brix) was fermented by lactic acid bacteria ( strain DSM 20604 or DSM 20077). Fermentation enhanced the nutritional profile of carrot juice. There was a greater sugar reduction (27%) in fermented straight carrot juices than in the fermented concentrated juices (15%). The sugar reduction was independent of the strain used for fermentation. The two strains synthesised fructosyltransferase enzymes during fermentation of carrot juice samples that enabled conversion of simple sugars primarily into polysaccharides. The level of conversion to polysaccharides was dependent on the strain and juice concentration. Fermentation of carrot juice by enables the production of a nutritionally-enhanced beverage with reduced calorie and prebiotic potential. An additional benefit is the increased carotenoid content observed in straight and concentrated juices fermented by DSM 20077 and the concentrated juice fermented by DSM 20604.
PubMed: 33291830
DOI: 10.3390/foods9121803