-
Nutrients Aug 2019Short-term administration of CP2305 improves stress-associated symptoms and clinical symptoms in healthy young adults and in patients with irritable bowel syndrome,... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Short-term administration of CP2305 improves stress-associated symptoms and clinical symptoms in healthy young adults and in patients with irritable bowel syndrome, respectively. We evaluated the efficacy and health benefits of the long-term use of a tablet containing heat-inactivated, washed CP2305 (CP2305) in healthy young adults. Sixty Japanese medical students (41 men and 19 women) preparing for the national examination for medical practitioners ingested CP2305-containing or placebo tablets once daily for 24 weeks. Intake of the CP2305 tablet significantly reduced anxiety and sleep disturbance relative to placebo, as quantitated by the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Single-channel sleep electroencephalograms show that CP2305 significantly shortened sleep latency and wake time after sleep onset and increased the delta power ratio in the first sleep cycle. CP2305 also significantly lowered salivary chromogranin A levels compared with placebo. Furthermore, 16S rRNA gene sequencing of participant feces demonstrated that CP2305 administration attenuated the stress-induced decline of spp. and the stress-induced elevation of spp. We conclude that the long-term use of CP2305-containing tablets may improve the mental state, sleep quality, and gut microbiota of healthy adults under stressful conditions.
Topics: Adult; Bifidobacterium; Chromogranin A; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Lactobacillus gasseri; Male; Probiotics; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Saliva; Sleep Wake Disorders; Streptococcus; Stress, Psychological; Students, Medical; Tablets; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult
PubMed: 31405122
DOI: 10.3390/nu11081859 -
Journal of Medicinal Food May 2018Lactobacillus gasseri BNR17 is a probiotic strain isolated from human breast milk. Animal studies reported that BNR17 inhibited increases in body weight and adipose... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Lactobacillus gasseri BNR17 Supplementation Reduces the Visceral Fat Accumulation and Waist Circumference in Obese Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
Lactobacillus gasseri BNR17 is a probiotic strain isolated from human breast milk. Animal studies reported that BNR17 inhibited increases in body weight and adipose tissue weights. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antiobesity effects of BNR17 in humans. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 90 volunteers aged 20-75 years with body mass index (BMI) from 25 to 35 kg/m were randomized to receive a placebo, low-dose BNR (BNR-L, 10 CFU/day), or high-dose BNR (BNR-H, 10 CFU/day) for 12 weeks. Body weight, BMI, waist and hip circumferences, waist-to-hip ratio, abdominal adipose tissue areas, body fat mass, lean body mass, and biochemical parameters were assessed at the beginning and end of the trial. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) was significantly decreased in the BNR-H group compared with the placebo group (P = .038). Difference of VAT areas of the BNR-H group compared with the placebo group after 12-week consumption of BNR17 was significant (-21.6 cm, P = .012). Waist circumferences were significantly decreased in both the BNR-L and BNL-H groups (P = .045 and .012, respectively) compared with the baseline values, but not in the placebo group. Biochemical parameters were not significantly different among the groups. These findings suggest that daily consumption of BNR17 may contribute to reduced visceral fat mass in obese adults.
Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adult; Aged; Biomarkers; Body Composition; Body Mass Index; Cholesterol; Diet; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Energy Metabolism; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Insulin; Intra-Abdominal Fat; Lactobacillus gasseri; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; Treatment Outcome; Triglycerides; Waist Circumference; Young Adult
PubMed: 29688793
DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.3937 -
Gut Microbes Nov 2020Previously, a synbiotic combination of probiotic 505 (LG) and a new prebiotic, leaf extract (CT) in fermented milk, designated FCT, showed an immunomodulatory effect...
Previously, a synbiotic combination of probiotic 505 (LG) and a new prebiotic, leaf extract (CT) in fermented milk, designated FCT, showed an immunomodulatory effect and antioxidant activity. Although synbiotic combination might have cancer-protective effects, these activities have not been fully validated . Ten-week treatment of LG, CT, or FCT to azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) mouse model reduced both the incidence of colonic tumors and damage to the colonic mucosa effectively, suggesting a cancer-protective effect. To understand these, biomarkers associated with inflammation, colon barrier, apoptosis, and cancer cell proliferation were monitored in AOM/DSS group versus LG/CT/FCT groups. A synbiotic combination (FCT) down-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, and IL-6) and inflammation-associated enzymes (iNOS and COX-2), and up-regulated anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10). In addition, colon barrier experiment revealed that biomarkers of mucus layer (MUC-2 and TFF3) and tight junction (occludin and ZO-1) were up-regulated. Subsequent apoptosis experiment showed that pro-apoptotic factors (p53, p21, and Bax) were up-regulated and anti-apoptotic factors (Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL) were down-regulated. Furthermore, comparative metagenome analysis of gut microbiota revealed that decreased but , and increased, supporting their protective effects, accompanied by increased short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Taken together, the FCT administration showed cancer-protective effects by reducing the risk of colitis-associated colon cancer via regulation of inflammation, carcinogenesis, and compositional change of gut microbiota. Consequently, the synbiotic combination (FCT) could be a novel potential health-protective natural agent against CAC.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Cell Proliferation; Colitis-Associated Neoplasms; Colon; Cultured Milk Products; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Fatty Acids, Volatile; Feces; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Immunomodulation; Inflammation; Lactobacillus gasseri; Maclura; Mice; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Synbiotics
PubMed: 32663105
DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1785803 -
Nutrients Nov 2022Hyperlipidemia is a leading risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Dietary supplementation with probiotics has been suggested as an alternative intervention...
Hyperlipidemia is a leading risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Dietary supplementation with probiotics has been suggested as an alternative intervention to lower cholesterol. In the current study, we isolated a strain of RW2014 (LGA) from the feces of a healthy infant fed with breast milk, and it displayed bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity. Using this strain we determined its cholesterol-lowering and fatty liver-improving functions. SD rats were randomly divided into four groups. The control rats were fed a commercial chow diet and the other three groups were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for a 7-week experiment period. After two weeks of feeding, the rats in PBS, simvastin, and LGA group were daily administered through oral gavage with 2 mL PBS, simvastin (1 mg/mL), and 2 × 10 CFU/mouse live LGA in PBS, respectively. After five weeks of such treatment, the rats were euthanized and tissue samples were collected. Blood lipid and inflammatory factors were measured by ELISA, gut microbiota was determined by 16S rRNA sequencing, and bile acids profiles were detected by metabolomics. We found that LGA group had lower levels of blood cholesterol and liver steatosis compared to the simvastin group. LGA also significantly reducedthe levels of inflammatory factors in the serum, including TNFα, IL-1β, MCP-1, IL-6, and exotoxin (ET), and increased the levels of short-chain fatty acids in feces, including isobutyric acid, butyric acid, isovaleric acid, valeric acid, and hexanoic acid. In addition, LGA altered the compositions of gut microbiota as manifested by the increased ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroides and the relative abundance of genus. Targeted metabolomics results showed that bile acids, especially free bile acids and secondary bile acids in feces, were increased in LGA rats compared with the control rats. Accordingly, the rats administrated with LGA also had a higher abundance of serum bile acids, including 23-norcholic acid, 7-ketolithocholic acid, β-muricholic acid, cholic acid, and deoxycholic acid. Together, this study suggests that LGA may exert a cholesterol-lowering effect by modulating the metabolism of bile acids and the composition of gut microbiota.
Topics: Rats; Mice; Animals; Lactobacillus gasseri; Hyperlipidemias; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Diet, High-Fat; Bile Acids and Salts; Cholesterol
PubMed: 36500975
DOI: 10.3390/nu14234945 -
PeerJ 2022Antimicrobial and antifungal species are essential members of the healthy human microbiota. Several different species of lactobacilli that naturally inhabit the human...
BACKGROUND
Antimicrobial and antifungal species are essential members of the healthy human microbiota. Several different species of lactobacilli that naturally inhabit the human body have been explored for their probiotic capabilities including strains of the species . However, (identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing) has been associated with urogenital symptoms. Recently a new sister taxon of was described: . is also posited to have probiotic qualities.
METHODS
Here, we present a genomic investigation of all ( = 79) publicly available genome assemblies for both species. These strains include isolates from the vaginal tract, gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract, oral cavity, wounds, and lungs.
RESULTS
The two species cannot be distinguished from short-read sequencing of the 16S rRNA as the full-length gene sequences differ only by two nucleotides. Based upon average nucleotide identity (ANI), we identified 20 strains deposited as that are in fact representatives of . Investigation of the genic content of the strains of these two species suggests recent divergence and/or frequent gene exchange between the two species. The genomes frequently harbored intact prophage sequences, including prophages identified in strains of both species. To further explore the antimicrobial potential associated with both species, genome assemblies were examined for biosynthetic gene clusters. Gassericin T and S were identified in 46 of the genome assemblies, with all strains including one or both bacteriocins. This suggests that the properties once ascribed to may better represent the species.
Topics: Female; Humans; Lactobacillus gasseri; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Genomics; Mouth; Prophages
PubMed: 35694384
DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13479 -
Journal of Zhejiang University.... Aug 2023A growing body of evidence has linked the gut microbiota to liver metabolism. The manipulation of intestinal microflora has been considered as a promising avenue to...
A growing body of evidence has linked the gut microbiota to liver metabolism. The manipulation of intestinal microflora has been considered as a promising avenue to promote liver health. However, the effects of LA39, a potential probiotic, on liver metabolism remain unclear. Accumulating studies have investigated the proteomic profile for mining the host biological events affected by microbes, and used the germ-free (GF) mouse model to evaluate host-microbe interaction. Here, we explored the effects of LA39 gavage on the protein expression profiles of the liver of GF mice. Our results showed that a total of 128 proteins were upregulated, whereas a total of 123 proteins were downregulated by treatment with LA39. Further bioinformatics analyses suggested that the primary bile acid (BA) biosynthesis pathway in the liver was activated by LA39. Three differentially expressed proteins (cytochrome P450 family 27 subfamily A member 1 (CYP27A1), cytochrome P450 family 7 subfamily B member 1 (CYP7B1), and cytochrome P450 family 8 subfamily B member 1 (CYP8B1)) involved in the primary BA biosynthesis pathway were further validated by western blot assay. In addition, targeted metabolomic analyses demonstrated that serum and fecal β-muricholic acid (a primary BA), dehydrolithocholic acid (a secondary BA), and glycolithocholic acid-3-sulfate (a secondary BA) were significantly increased by LA39. Thus, our data revealed that LA39 activates the hepatic primary BA biosynthesis and promotes the intestinal secondary BA biotransformation. Based on these findings, we suggest that LA39 confers an important function in the gut‒liver axis through regulating BA metabolism.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Bile Acids and Salts; Lactobacillus gasseri; Proteomics; Liver; Biotransformation
PubMed: 37551559
DOI: 10.1631/jzus.B2200439 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2023Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common infection of the lower genital tract with a vaginal microbiome dysbiosis caused by decreasing of lactobacilli. Previous studies... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
UNLABELLED
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common infection of the lower genital tract with a vaginal microbiome dysbiosis caused by decreasing of lactobacilli. Previous studies suggested that supplementation with live may benefit the recovery of BV, however, the outcomes vary in people from different regions. Herein, we aim to evaluate the effectiveness of oral Chinese-origin with adjuvant metronidazole (MET) on treating Chinese BV patients. In total, 67 Chinese women with BV were enrolled in this parallel controlled trial and randomly assigned to two study groups: a control group treated with MET vaginal suppositories for 7 days and a probiotic group treated with oral TM13 and LG55 as an adjuvant to MET for 30 days. By comparing the participants with Nugent Scores ≥ 7 and < 7 on days 14, 30, and 90, we found that oral administration of probiotics did not improve BV cure rates (72.73% and 84.00% at day 14, 57.14% and 60.00% at day 30, 32.14% and 48.39% at day 90 for probiotic and control group respectively). However, the probiotics were effective in restoring vaginal health after cure by showing higher proportion of participants with Nugent Scores < 4 in the probiotic group compared to the control group (87.50% and 71.43% on day 14, 93.75% and 88.89% on day 30, and 77.78% and 66.67% on day 90). The relative abundance of the probiotic strains was significantly increased in the intestinal microbiome of the probiotic group compared to the control group at day 14, but no significance was detected after 30 and 90 days. Also, the probiotics were not detected in vaginal microbiome, suggesting that TM13 and LG55 mainly acted through the intestine. A higher abundance of at baseline was significantly associated with long-term cure failure of BV and greatly contributed to the enrichment of the lipid IVA synthesis pathway, which could aggravate inflammation response. To sum up, TM13 and LG55 can restore the vaginal health of patients recovering from BV, and individualized intervention mode should be developed to restore the vaginal health of patients recovering from BV.
CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION
https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/, identifier NCT04771728.
Topics: Female; Humans; Adjuvants, Immunologic; Adjuvants, Pharmaceutic; Lactobacillus; Lactobacillus crispatus; Lactobacillus gasseri; Metronidazole; Treatment Outcome; Vagina; Vaginosis, Bacterial
PubMed: 37575226
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1125239 -
Nucleosides, Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids 2022has been reported unable to directly incorporate mononucleotides but instead requires their external dephosphorylation by nucleotidases to the corresponding nucleosides...
has been reported unable to directly incorporate mononucleotides but instead requires their external dephosphorylation by nucleotidases to the corresponding nucleosides prior to their incorporation. Although PA-3 (PA-3), a strain of lactic acid bacteria, has been found to incorporate purine mononucleotides such as adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP), it remains unclear whether these bacteria directly incorporate these mononucleotides or incorporate them after dephosphorylation to the corresponding nucleosides. This study evaluated whether PA-3 incorporated radioactively-labeled mononucleotides in the presence or absence of the 5'-nucleotidase inhibitor α,β-methylene ADP (APCP). PA-3 took up C-AMP in the presence of APCP, as well as incorporating P-AMP. Furthermore, radioactivity was detected in the RNA/DNA of bacterial cells cultured in the presence of P-AMP. Taken together, these findings indicated that PA-3 incorporated purine mononucleotides directly rather than after their dephosphorylation to purine nucleosides and that PA-3 utilizes these purine mononucleotides in the synthesis of RNA and DNA. Although additional studies are required to identify purine mononucleotide transporters in PA-3, this study is the first to show that some lactic acid bacteria directly incorporate purine mononucleotides and use them for growth.
Topics: Adenosine Monophosphate; Lactobacillus gasseri; Nucleotidases; Purine Nucleosides
PubMed: 32954967
DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2020.1815768 -
Clinical Infectious Diseases : An... Mar 2006Data regarding antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical Lactobacillus isolates are scarce, and appropriate interpretation criteria for susceptibility tests are not...
BACKGROUND
Data regarding antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical Lactobacillus isolates are scarce, and appropriate interpretation criteria for susceptibility tests are not available.
METHODS
We examined 85 cases of Lactobacillus bacteremia, of which 47 cases have been included in our previous studies. Overall, 14 antimicrobial agents were evaluated by the E-test method, and these results were compared with disk diffusion test findings. The clinical outcomes of the patients and their antimicrobial treatments were registered.
RESULTS
The antimicrobial susceptibility of Lactobacillus strains was species dependent. The considerable number of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (n=46), Lactobacillus fermentum (n=12), and Lactobacillus casei (n=12) strains available for testing made it possible to compare the susceptibilities within 1 species, as well. Of the 46 L. rhamnosus isolates, 22 were identified as L. rhamnosus GG type by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. All Lactobacillus isolates demonstrated low minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of imipenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, erythromycin, and clindamycin. MICs of vancomycin were high (>256 microg/mL) for all other species except Lactobacillus gasseri and Lactobacillus jensenii. Disk diffusion and E-test results were concordant. The MICs of cephalosporins varied; cefuroxime demonstrated a higher level of activity than did ceftriaxone. Benzylpenicillin and ampicillin MICs had variable ranges between different species. Combination therapy was given to 83% of the patients, but, in 54% of them, therapy included only 1 microbiologically active agent, according to results of the susceptibility tests. Mortality at 1 week was 12% among patients who presumably were receiving adequate treatment and 27% among patients who were receiving inadequate treatment (P=.131, by E-test).
CONCLUSION
Most clinical Lactobacillus blood isolates demonstrated low MICs of imipenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, erythromycin, and clindamycin, but they had variable susceptibility to penicillin and cephalosporins.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteremia; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Humans; Lactobacillus; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Species Specificity
PubMed: 16447101
DOI: 10.1086/500214 -
Translational Oncology Sep 2023Persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infections is necessary for the development of cervical cancers. An increasing number of retrospective studies have found the...
Lactobacillus gasseri LGV03 isolated from the cervico-vagina of HPV-cleared women modulates epithelial innate immune responses and suppresses the growth of HPV-positive human cervical cancer cells.
Persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infections is necessary for the development of cervical cancers. An increasing number of retrospective studies have found the depletion of Lactobacillus microbiota in the cervico-vagina facilitate HPV infection and might be involved in viral persistence and cancer development. However, there have been no reports confirming the immunomodulatory effects of Lactobacillus microbiota isolated from cervico-vaginal samples of HPV clearance in women. Using cervico-vaginal samples from HPV persistent infection and clearance in women, this study investigated the local immune properties in cervical mucosa. As expected, type I interferons, such as IFN-α and IFN-β, and TLR3 globally downregulated in HPV+ persistence group. Luminex cytokine/chemokine panel analysis revealed that L. jannaschii LJV03, L. vaginalis LVV03, L. reuteri LRV03, and L. gasseri LGV03 isolated from cervicovaginal samples of HPV clearance in women altered the host's epithelial immune response, particularly L. gasseri LGV03. Furthermore, L. gasseri LGV03 enhanced the poly (I:C)-induced production of IFN by modulating the IRF3 pathway and attenuating poly (I:C)-induced production of proinflammatory mediators by regulating the NF-κB pathway in Ect1/E6E7 cells, indicating that L. gasseri LGV03 keeps the innate system alert to potential pathogens and reduces the inflammatory effects during persistent pathogen infection. L. gasseri LGV03 also markedly inhibited the proliferation of Ect1/E6E7 cells in a zebrafish xenograft model, which may be attributed to an increased immune response mediated by L. gasseri LGV03.
PubMed: 37331103
DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101714