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Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive &... Oct 2009Cutaneous myiasis is a unique disease, endemic in tropical areas, and uncommon in the Western world, making its diagnosis difficult for physicians that are unfamiliar... (Review)
Review
Cutaneous myiasis is a unique disease, endemic in tropical areas, and uncommon in the Western world, making its diagnosis difficult for physicians that are unfamiliar with the disease process. Larvae of a two-winged fly are inoculated through normal skin by a mosquito bite. The larvae grow in the subcutaneous tissues, feed off the surrounding tissues and develop into a fly. A patient with a seemingly commonplace cutaneous lesion which was a harbinger of a much more sinister, unique disease process, is presented. Salient features that characterise these lesions, the difficulty in accurate (and timely) diagnosis, treatment and a review of the literature are discussed with the aim of overcoming limitations of diagnosis and management.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Male; Myiasis; Scalp; Skin Diseases
PubMed: 18583210
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2008.02.016 -
Clinics in Dermatology 2007Tungiasis and myiasis are common ectoparasitic infestations that occur in developing countries in the tropics, particularly where poverty and poor standards of basic... (Review)
Review
Tungiasis and myiasis are common ectoparasitic infestations that occur in developing countries in the tropics, particularly where poverty and poor standards of basic hygiene exist. The growth in international travel to and from these regions has led to an increase in the presentation of these conditions in nonendemic countries. Despite recent progress in the treatment and prevention of tungiasis and myiasis, diagnosis can present a challenge to those unfamiliar with these conditions, especially when they present in nonendemic countries. Tungiasis is caused by the penetration of the female sand flea, Tunga penetrans, into the epidermis of the host. Myiasis is a parasitic infection of the skin and mucous membranes in which the larvae of Diptera insects penetrate healthy or altered skin depending on the species. Infestations are usually self-limited and present few complications. Social neglect and inadequate health behavior in economically depressed urban neighborhoods, however, may lead to secondary infections and complications.
Topics: Ectoparasitic Infestations; Humans; Myiasis; Prevalence; Tropical Climate
PubMed: 17350494
DOI: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2006.05.004 -
Dermatologic Clinics Apr 1990Many species of flies cause insect bites. The Lutzomyia and Phlebotomus flies, which carry leishmaniasis, and the Simulium flies, which carry onchocerciasis, have the... (Review)
Review
Many species of flies cause insect bites. The Lutzomyia and Phlebotomus flies, which carry leishmaniasis, and the Simulium flies, which carry onchocerciasis, have the greatest impact. Fly larvae, or maggots, can be used to cleanse necrotic debris from a wound. Although repulsive, this may be effective. Some larvae are obligatory parasites of warm-blooded animals and sometimes of man. These must burrow into the flesh in order to develop. Screwworms cause great problems for livestock and, rarely, for man. Dermatobia hominis is the most common such parasite seen in the United States. Infection with this parasite, botfly myiasis, is described in detail.
Topics: Animals; Diptera; Humans; Insect Bites and Stings; Myiasis
PubMed: 2191797
DOI: No ID Found -
Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban =... Dec 2021Nasal myiasis is a rare parasitic disease. The growth of myiasis in the nasal cavity causes damage to the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Once the dipeterous larvae... (Review)
Review
Nasal myiasis is a rare parasitic disease. The growth of myiasis in the nasal cavity causes damage to the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Once the dipeterous larvae are migrated, it causes damage to the surrounding structures such as eyes and skull cavity. Proper treatment and active prevention and control can reduce and avoid the occurrence of serious complications. On May 14, 2020, a patient with cerebral infarction and coma was admitted to Xiangya Hospital of Central South University and developed nasal myiasis. During the treatment of the primary disease, the patient was found to be infected with rhinomyiasis. The patient was treated with dehydration, cranial pressure reduction, brain protection, blood glucose control, blood pressure control, and anti-infection. Nasal endoscopy and nasal irrigation were carried out to treat nasal myiasis. The patient was properly placed and isolated for prevention and control so as to prevent the spread of myiasis in the ward. After 16 days, the patient regained consciousness, no worm was found in the nasal cavity, and was discharged from the hospital. The patient was followed-up for 6 months, no maggots were found in the nasal cavity of the patients, no complaints of nasal discomfort was occurred, and no other patients and medical staff were infected with myiasis. The prevention of myiasis is very important, and proper measures should be taken to reduce the risk of community and hospital infection.
Topics: Consciousness; Humans; Myiasis; Nasal Cavity; Nose; Paranasal Sinuses
PubMed: 35232917
DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2021.210152 -
Parasitology Research Sep 2015Myiasis, the infestation of tissues of live humans and other vertebrate animals with dipteran larvae (maggots), is a phenomenon of widespread occurrence throughout the... (Review)
Review
Myiasis, the infestation of tissues of live humans and other vertebrate animals with dipteran larvae (maggots), is a phenomenon of widespread occurrence throughout the tropical regions of the world. It is commonly seen in domestic and wild animals but occurs rarely in man also. The tissue invasion in man by maggots is generally a well-recognized complication of neglected wounds. The condition may be asymptomatic but occasionally results in more or less severe problems and even death when larvae invade body cavities or areas that forbid their direct visual examination. Many cases of myiasis, however, usually do not reach the attention of medical practitioners because of the tendency of the mature larvae to migrate out of the lesion for pupation. In the present study, the authors reviewed the past literature describing the cases of human myiasis, causative fly species and predisposing factors for the onset of the same. The aim of the present manuscript is to provide a database for the future reference of medical entomologists, medical practitioners and veterinarians. Review of literature revealed that 37 fly species belonging to ten families were responsible worldwide for the onset of human myiasis. The incidence of myiasis among humans can be correlated to increasing fly populations, poor hygienic conditions and presence of domestic animals in the close vicinity. Other factors responsible for myiasis include neglected open wounds and foul-smelling discharge from natural body openings. Moreover, ignorance plays a key role in its occurrence since people are generally unaware about the actual cause and often correlate the condition to their superstitious beliefs. It is emphasized that the patients should not neglect their wounds and should take proper medical care; otherwise, myiasis may supervene.
Topics: Animals; Diptera; Humans; Myiasis; Risk Factors; Species Specificity
PubMed: 26220558
DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4620-y -
Acta Tropica Dec 2021The oestrids are a genuinely unique group of Diptera that represent many species whose larvae parasitize mammals, feeding on live tissues of a wide range of hosts, from...
The oestrids are a genuinely unique group of Diptera that represent many species whose larvae parasitize mammals, feeding on live tissues of a wide range of hosts, from mice to elephants, causing obligatory myiases. Those have had greatest impact on the activities of humans and their use of animals (e.g., as food, recreation, in the conduct of wars). To a large extent their impact has been controlled through the use of therapeutic application of synthetic chemical treatments. While in some limited cases eradication has been achieved, it is unlikely to become the norm as these parasites seem well adapted to survive at low population densities and small smoldering foci are likely to present a challenge in the future. Should organic production eschew the use of parasiticides, other than for rescue of seriously ill animals, the foci of infection by these parasites will remain. In this article, we explore current scientific information on this group of parasites that may have become an anachronism in modern livestock parasitology, identify gaps in our knowledge as well as the suggestions for the management of these parasites in the era of genomics and proteomics.
Topics: Animals; Diptera; Genomics; Larva; Mice; Myiasis
PubMed: 34509455
DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106131 -
Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease 2017
Topics: Aged; Animals; Arm; Diptera; French Guiana; Humans; Larva; Male; Myiasis; Skin; Travel
PubMed: 28336471
DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2017.03.008 -
International Journal of Dermatology Apr 2023
Topics: Infant, Newborn; Humans; Animals; Myiasis; Umbilicus; Diptera; Larva
PubMed: 36512723
DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16553 -
The Tohoku Journal of Experimental... Jun 2005Myiasis is a disease caused by fly larvae. The term "myiasis" is derived from the Greek word "myia" meaning fly. Aural myiasis is a rare clinical state and occurs... (Review)
Review
Myiasis is a disease caused by fly larvae. The term "myiasis" is derived from the Greek word "myia" meaning fly. Aural myiasis is a rare clinical state and occurs frequently in children. In this article, six children with aural myiasis, caused by the fly larvae, are reported because of unusual presentation. All of the children with aural myiasis were associated with chronic otitis media. In the treatment, a combination of suctioning and alligator forceps was used to remove maggots under the light microscopic field. Additionally, antibiotics were used in all children. Thus, aural myiasis is successfully treated by direct extraction of larvae and application of preventative methods.
Topics: Animals; Child; Child, Preschool; Diptera; Ear; Female; Humans; Larva; Male; Myiasis; Otitis Media; Suction; Surgical Instruments
PubMed: 15888968
DOI: 10.1620/tjem.206.125 -
Advances in Parasitology 1995
Review
Topics: Animals; Animals, Domestic; Diptera; Female; Humans; Male; Myiasis
PubMed: 7709854
DOI: 10.1016/s0065-308x(08)60073-1