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Indian Journal of Dermatology,... 2012
Review
Topics: Dermatitis; Dermatologic Agents; Dermatomycoses; Humans; Potassium Iodide; Skin Diseases
PubMed: 22565452
DOI: 10.4103/0378-6323.95472 -
The Cochrane Database of Systematic... Oct 2009Sporotrichosis is a subacute or chronic disease, usually affecting the skin caused by a dimorphic (existing in two forms), aerobic (oxygen requiring) fungus called... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Sporotrichosis is a subacute or chronic disease, usually affecting the skin caused by a dimorphic (existing in two forms), aerobic (oxygen requiring) fungus called Sporothrix schenckii. Oral potassium iodide is widely used for cutaneous sporotrichosis in clinical medicine with more and more reports published. However, the benefits and adverse reactions of these treatments have not yet been systematically reviewed.
OBJECTIVES
To assess the effects of oral potassium iodide for the treatment of sporotrichosis.
SEARCH STRATEGY
In July 2009 we searched the Cochrane Skin Group Specialised Skin Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials (CENTRAL) in The Cochrane Library (Issue 3, 2009), MEDLINE and EMBASE, The Chinese Biomedical Database, CNKI, VIP, and ongoing trials registers.
SELECTION CRITERIA
Randomised trials comparing orally administered iodide with placebo, or with another treatment. Studies about potassium iodide as an adjunct were excluded.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Two authors planned to independently assess trial quality and extract data. We also planned to collect adverse effects information from the trials where possible.
MAIN RESULTS
In the absence of any suitable randomised placebo-controlled trials or comparisons with other treatments in this area, we were unable to assess the effects of oral potassium iodide.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
The currently available evidence is insufficient to assess the potential for oral potassium iodide in the treatment of sporotrichosis.There is no high-quality evidence for or against oral potassium iodide as a treatment for sporotrichosis. Further randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trials are needed to define the efficacy and acceptability of these interventions.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Antifungal Agents; Humans; Potassium Iodide; Sporotrichosis
PubMed: 19821356
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006136.pub2 -
Radiation and Environmental Biophysics May 2013Thyroid cancer in children and adolescents has to be considered as the most severe health consequence of a nuclear reactor emergency with release of radioiodine into the... (Review)
Review
Thyroid cancer in children and adolescents has to be considered as the most severe health consequence of a nuclear reactor emergency with release of radioiodine into the atmosphere. High doses of potassium iodide are effective to block radioiodine thyroid uptake and to prevent development of thyroid cancer years later. However, there are controversies concerning thyroid cancer risk induced by radioiodine exposure in adults. Further, the interaction of nutritional supply of potassium iodide and radioiodine uptake as well as the interaction of radioiodine with certain drugs has not been addressed properly in existing guidelines and recommendations. How to proceed in case of repeated release of radioiodine is an open, very important question which came up again recently during the Fukushima accident. Lastly, the side effects of iodine thyroid blocking and alternatives of this procedure have not been addressed systematically up to now in guidelines and recommendations. These questions can be answered as follows: in adults, the risk to develop thyroid cancer is negligible. In countries, where nutritional iodine deficiency is still an issue, the risk to develop thyroid cancer after a nuclear reactor emergency has to be considered higher because the thyroid takes up more radioiodine as in the replete condition. Similarly, in patients suffering from thyrotoxicosis, hypothyroidism or endemic goitre not being adequately treated radioiodine uptake is higher than in healthy people. In case of repeated or continued radioiodine release, more than one dose of potassium iodide may be necessary and be taken up to 1 week. Repeated iodine thyroid blocking obviously is not harmful. Side effects of iodine thyroid blocking should not be overestimated; there is little evidence for adverse effects in adults. Newborns and babies, however, may be more sensitive to side effects. In the rare case of iodine hypersensitivity, potassium perchlorate may be applied as an alternative to iodine for thyroid blocking.
Topics: Humans; Iodine Radioisotopes; Potassium Iodide; Radioactive Hazard Release; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Neoplasms
PubMed: 23475155
DOI: 10.1007/s00411-013-0462-0 -
Journal of the American Academy of... Mar 2000The inhibition of organic binding of iodide in the thyroid gland by excess iodide, resulting in the cessation of thyroid hormone synthesis, is known as the... (Review)
Review
The inhibition of organic binding of iodide in the thyroid gland by excess iodide, resulting in the cessation of thyroid hormone synthesis, is known as the Wolff-Chaikoff effect. This review explores the nature of the Wolff-Chaikoff effect, both in terms of its potential mechanisms and its relevance to dermatologists who use potassium iodide as a therapeutic agent.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Potassium Iodide; Skin Diseases
PubMed: 10688722
DOI: 10.1016/s0190-9622(00)90224-x -
Mycopathologia Jun 2009Potassium Iodide is the antimycotic of choice for the treatment of cutaneous sporotrichosis, because of its efficacy, safety and low cost. We carried out a review of... (Review)
Review
Potassium Iodide is the antimycotic of choice for the treatment of cutaneous sporotrichosis, because of its efficacy, safety and low cost. We carried out a review of published studies on the benefits and adverse reactions of using SSKI (Saturated Solution Potassium Iodide) as treatment for sporotrichosis, but could not identify any well-designed clinical trails. There is an urgent need to conduct randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trials and critically assess usefulness of SSKI by using a standardize monitoring or an effective self-report system.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Humans; Potassium Iodide; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Sporotrichosis
PubMed: 19130293
DOI: 10.1007/s11046-008-9178-0 -
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders... 2023
Topics: Humans; Potassium Iodide; Radioactive Hazard Release; Thyroid Neoplasms
PubMed: 36239732
DOI: 10.2174/1871530323666221014150729 -
European Journal of Nuclear Medicine... Jun 2022
Topics: Humans; Iodine Radioisotopes; Potassium Iodide; Thyroid Gland
PubMed: 35403862
DOI: 10.1007/s00259-022-05797-7 -
Journal of the American Academy of... Oct 2000Potassium iodide (KI) is a useful drug in the dermatologic armamentarium. It is successfully used for inflammatory dermatoses, most notably erythema nodosum, subacute... (Review)
Review
Potassium iodide (KI) is a useful drug in the dermatologic armamentarium. It is successfully used for inflammatory dermatoses, most notably erythema nodosum, subacute nodular migratory panniculitis, nodular vasculitis, erythema multiforme, and Sweet's syndrome. KI is also successfully used for cutaneous and lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis. The precise mechanism by which KI acts is unknown. Although many minor side effects are common with this drug, major side effects can occur in pregnant patients and those with a history of kidney or thyroid disease. This article reviews the pharmacology, mechanism of action, indications, contraindications, and adverse effects of KI as a therapeutic agent.
Topics: Humans; Potassium Iodide; Skin Diseases; Thyroid Gland
PubMed: 11004629
DOI: 10.1067/mjd.2000.107247 -
Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia 2013Potassium iodide, as a saturated solution, is a valuable drug in the dermatologist's therapeutic arsenal and is useful for the treatment of different diseases due to its... (Review)
Review
Potassium iodide, as a saturated solution, is a valuable drug in the dermatologist's therapeutic arsenal and is useful for the treatment of different diseases due to its immunomodulatory features. However, its prescription has become increasingly less frequent in dermatology practice. Little knowledge about its exact mechanism of action, lack of interest from the pharmaceutical industry, the advent of new drugs, and the toxicity caused by the use of high doses of the drug are some possible explanations for that. Consequently, there are few scientific studies on the pharmacological aspects, dosage and efficacy of this drug. Also, there is no conventional standard on how to manipulate and prescribe the saturated solution of potassium iodide, which leads to unawareness of the exact amount of the salt being delivered in grams to patients. Considering that dosage is directly related to toxicity and the immunomodulatory features of this drug, it is essential to define the amount to be prescribed and to reduce it to a minimum effective dose in order to minimize the risks of intolerance and thus improve treatment adherence. This review is relevant due to the fact that the saturated solution of potassium iodide is often the only therapeutic choice available for the treatment of some infectious, inflammatory and immune-mediated dermatoses, no matter whether the reason is specific indication, failure of a previous therapy or cost-effectiveness.
Topics: Dermatologic Agents; Humans; Potassium Iodide; Skin Diseases; Thyroid Diseases; Thyroid Gland
PubMed: 23793210
DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20132377 -
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy Mar 2022To evaluate the effect of potassium iodide (KI) addition on antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) mediated by red laser (λ = 660 nm) and methylene blue in...
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of potassium iodide (KI) addition on antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) mediated by red laser (λ = 660 nm) and methylene blue in Streptococcus mutans biofilm model.
METHODS
S. mutans biofilms were cultured in 96-well plates containing BHI broth with 1% sucrose for 18 h, 10% CO and 37 °C and divided in groups (n = 3, in triplicate): C (NaCl 0.9%); CX (0.2% chlorhexidine); P (photosensitizer); KI (10, 25 and 50 mM); PKI (10, 25 and 50 mM); L (L1: 100 J/cm, 9 J; L2: 200 J/cm, 18 J); PL (photosensitizer + L1 or L2); KIL (KI at 10, 25 and 50 mM + L1 or L2); and PKIL (photosensitizer + 10, 25 and 50 mM KI + L1 or L2). Biofilms were submitted to three pre-irradiation (PI) times (5, 10, and 15 min). After the treatments, microbial counting's reduction was analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and post-hoc Dunn's tests, respectively, and the interaction between light parameters and the PI times by two-way ANOVA (p < 0.05).
RESULTS
The S. mutans viability significantly reduced in all aPDT groups, in the presence or absence of KI (p < 0.05). For all PI times, PKIL groups (10, 25, and 50 mM) significantly differed from PL groups (p < 0.05) with a reduction of 9.0 logs reached at 50 mM of KI with 15 min of PI, irradiated at 18 J. We found no significant interaction between PI time and irradiation (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSION
The addition of KI to PDT mediated by methylene blue and red laser promoted an additional effect in reducing the microbial viability of S. mutans biofilm.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Biofilms; Lasers; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents; Potassium Iodide; Streptococcus mutans
PubMed: 34775066
DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102622