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International Journal of Biometeorology Apr 2014Balneotherapy is appreciated as a traditional treatment modality in medicine. Hungary is rich in thermal mineral waters. Balneotherapy has been in extensive use for... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Balneotherapy is appreciated as a traditional treatment modality in medicine. Hungary is rich in thermal mineral waters. Balneotherapy has been in extensive use for centuries and its effects have been studied in detail. Here, we present a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials conducted with Hungarian thermal mineral waters, the findings of which have been published by Hungarian authors in English. The 122 studies identified in different databases include 18 clinical trials. Five of these evaluated the effect of hydro- and balneotherapy on chronic low back pain, four on osteoarthritis of the knee, and two on osteoarthritis of the hand. One of the remaining seven trials evaluated balneotherapy in chronic inflammatory pelvic diseases, while six studies explored its effect on various laboratory parameters. Out of the 18 studies, 9 met the predefined criteria for meta-analysis. The results confirmed the beneficial effect of balneotherapy on pain with weight bearing and at rest in patients with degenerative joint and spinal diseases. A similar effect has been found in chronic pelvic inflammatory disease. The review also revealed that balneotherapy has some beneficial effects on antioxidant status, and on metabolic and inflammatory parameters. Based on the results, we conclude that balneotherapy with Hungarian thermal-mineral waters is an effective remedy for lower back pain, as well as for knee and hand osteoarthritis.
Topics: Balneology; Clinical Trials as Topic; Evidence-Based Medicine; Female; Humans; Hungary; Low Back Pain; Osteoarthritis; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 23677421
DOI: 10.1007/s00484-013-0667-6 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2018is an obligate human pathogen that causes mucosal surface infections of male and female reproductive tracts, pharynx, rectum, and conjunctiva. Asymptomatic or unnoticed... (Review)
Review
is an obligate human pathogen that causes mucosal surface infections of male and female reproductive tracts, pharynx, rectum, and conjunctiva. Asymptomatic or unnoticed infections in the lower reproductive tract of women can lead to serious, long-term consequences if these infections ascend into the fallopian tube. The damage caused by gonococcal infection and the subsequent inflammatory response produce the condition known as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Infection can lead to tubal scarring, occlusion of the oviduct, and loss of critical ciliated cells. Consequences of the damage sustained on the fallopian tube epithelium include increased risk of ectopic pregnancy and tubal-factor infertility. Additionally, the resolution of infection can produce new adhesions between internal tissues, which can tear and reform, producing chronic pelvic pain. As a bacterium adapted to life in a human host, the gonococcus presents a challenge to the development of model systems for probing host-microbe interactions. Advances in small-animal models have yielded previously unattainable data on systemic immune responses, but the specificity of for many known (and unknown) host targets remains a constant hurdle. Infections of human volunteers are possible, though they present ethical and logistical challenges, and are necessarily limited to males due to the risk of severe complications in women. It is routine, however, that normal, healthy fallopian tubes are removed in the course of different gynecological surgeries (namely hysterectomy), making the very tissue most consequentially damaged during ascending gonococcal infection available for laboratory research. The study of fallopian tube organ cultures has allowed the opportunity to observe gonococcal biology and immune responses in a complex, multi-layered tissue from a natural host. Forty-five years since the first published example of human fallopian tube being infected with , we review what modeling infections in human tissue explants has taught us about the gonococcus, what we have learned about the defenses mounted by the human host in the upper female reproductive tract, what other fields have taught us about ciliated and non-ciliated cell development, and ultimately offer suggestions regarding the next generation of model systems to help expand our ability to study gonococcal pathogenesis.
Topics: Animals; Epithelium; Fallopian Tubes; Female; Gonorrhea; Humans; Models, Immunological; Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Organ Culture Techniques; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Ectopic
PubMed: 30524442
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02710 -
PLoS Pathogens May 2011Mycoplasma genitalium is an emerging sexually transmitted pathogen implicated in urethritis in men and several inflammatory reproductive tract syndromes in women... (Review)
Review
Mycoplasma genitalium is an emerging sexually transmitted pathogen implicated in urethritis in men and several inflammatory reproductive tract syndromes in women including cervicitis, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), and infertility. This comprehensive review critically examines epidemiologic studies of M. genitalium infections in women with the goal of assessing the associations with reproductive tract disease and enhancing awareness of this emerging pathogen. Over 27,000 women from 48 published reports have been screened for M. genitalium urogenital infection in high- or low-risk populations worldwide with an overall prevalence of 7.3% and 2.0%, respectively. M. genitalium was present in the general population at rates between those of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Considering more than 20 studies of lower tract inflammation, M. genitalium has been positively associated with urethritis, vaginal discharge, and microscopic signs of cervicitis and/or mucopurulent cervical discharge in seven of 14 studies. A consistent case definition of cervicitis is lacking and will be required for comprehensive understanding of these associations. Importantly, evidence for M. genitalium PID and infertility are quite convincing and indicate that a significant proportion of upper tract inflammation may be attributed to this elusive pathogen. Collectively, M. genitalium is highly prevalent in high- and low-risk populations, and should be considered an etiologic agent of select reproductive tract disease syndromes in women.
Topics: Female; Humans; Infertility, Female; Mycoplasma Infections; Mycoplasma genitalium; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Prevalence; Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Bacterial
PubMed: 21637847
DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1001324 -
Current Opinion in Obstetrics &... Oct 2013Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a common and serious reproductive health disorder and disease rates remain unacceptably high among adolescent girls and young adult... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a common and serious reproductive health disorder and disease rates remain unacceptably high among adolescent girls and young adult women in the United States. Despite data demonstrating that women experience major adverse health outcomes after PID, national recommendations for management of adolescents have become increasingly less cautious in an era of cost-containment. In this review, we take an alternative look at published data on adolescents with PID to frame the next steps for optimizing management for this vulnerable population.
RECENT FINDINGS
Several findings emerge from review of the literature. First, there is limited evidence to guide the best practice strategies for adolescents with PID due to low enrolment of early and middle adolescents in national trials. Second, adolescents and adult women in the United States receive suboptimal treatment regimens per Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) standards. Third, available evidence suggests that adolescents are at an increased risk for poor adherence to CDC recommendations for self-care, reacquisition of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and PID, and subsequent adverse reproductive health outcomes.
SUMMARY
Efforts to develop and integrate adolescent-focused, evidence-based strategies for PID management and prevention of subsequent STIs and recurrent PID are warranted.
Topics: Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Adolescent Health Services; Ambulatory Care; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Female; Humans; Infertility, Female; Mass Screening; Medication Adherence; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Risk Assessment; Self Care; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; United States
PubMed: 24018871
DOI: 10.1097/GCO.0b013e328364ea79 -
Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging Jun 2012The diagnosis of pelvic infection is most often made clinically, based on a combination of pelvic pain and fever, and possibly a foul discharge. The patient is referred... (Review)
Review
The diagnosis of pelvic infection is most often made clinically, based on a combination of pelvic pain and fever, and possibly a foul discharge. The patient is referred to radiology in two very different circumstances: either in the acute phase where the challenge is to differentiate a pelvic infection from appendicitis, urinary tract infection, and complications of a hemorrhagic luteal cyst; or some time after the infectious episode, which may have gone unnoticed, and the patient presents with an undetermined pelvic mass that needs to be characterized, where the challenge in that situation is not to confuse it with ovarian cancer. The signs and symptoms on the pelvic ultrasound, CT scan, and MRI suggest the correct diagnosis.
Topics: Adnexal Diseases; Diagnosis, Differential; Diagnostic Imaging; Endoscopy; Female; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Infections; Laparoscopy; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Sensitivity and Specificity; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 22647749
DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2012.04.002 -
British Medical Journal (Clinical... Aug 1982
Topics: Female; Humans; Intrauterine Devices; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Pregnancy; Time Factors
PubMed: 6809099
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.285.6339.395 -
The Journal of Infectious Diseases Aug 2021Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) causes pelvic inflammatory disease, which may result in tubal factor infertility (TFI) in women. Serologic assays may be used to determine the... (Review)
Review
Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) causes pelvic inflammatory disease, which may result in tubal factor infertility (TFI) in women. Serologic assays may be used to determine the proportion of women with and without TFI who have had previous CT infection and to generate estimates of infertility attributable to chlamydia. Unfortunately, most existing CT serologic assays are challenged by low sensitivity and, sometimes, specificity for prior CT infection; however, they are currently the only available tests available to detect prior CT infection. Modeling methods such as finite mixture modeling may be a useful adjunct to quantitative serologic data to obtain better estimates of CT-related infertility. In this article, we review CT serological assays, including the use of antigens preferentially expressed during upper genital tract infection, and suggest future research directions. These methodologic improvements, coupled with creation of new biomarkers for previous CT infection, should improve our understanding of chlamydia's contribution to female infertility.
Topics: Antibodies, Bacterial; Biomarkers; Chlamydia Infections; Chlamydia trachomatis; Female; Humans; Infertility, Female; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Serology
PubMed: 34396401
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab047 -
Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira de... 2021
Topics: Female; Humans; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
PubMed: 34787264
DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0419-2021 -
Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging 2022Pelvic inflammatory disease refers to a group of infectious diseases of the female upper genital tract, often caused by ascending infection of vaginitis and cervicitis,...
Pelvic inflammatory disease refers to a group of infectious diseases of the female upper genital tract, often caused by ascending infection of vaginitis and cervicitis, causing endometritis, salpingitis, tubo-ovarian abscess, pelvic connective tissue inflammation, and/or pelvic peritonitis. PID is the most common and important infectious disease in nonpregnant women of childbearing age, and inflammation in multiple parts often coexists and affects each other. The functional MRI techniques currently used in pelvic floor muscle injury are magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging, T2 mapping, and magnetic resonance elastography. Diffusion tensor imaging is a new imaging and postprocessing technology developed on the basis of magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging. Due to the lack of specificity of clinical symptoms, many subclinical patients are often not detected and diagnosed in time, so it is very difficult to accurately estimate the incidence of PID. This article retrospectively analyzed 72 patients with pelvic inflammatory disease confirmed by surgical pathology from February 2020 to 2022, who had undergone pelvic MRI examination before surgery, including 25 patients with chronic pelvic inflammation (hydrosalpinx), 25 patients with acute pelvic inflammation, and 47 cases (including 21 cases of hydrosalpinx, 19 cases of tubo-ovarian abscess, and 7 cases of pelvic abscess). The age range was 13 to 59 years old. The clinical data and MRI findings were analyzed, the ADC value of the cystic part of the lesion was measured, and the differences in age, maximum diameter of the lesion, thickness of the vessel wall/separation, and the ADC value of the cystic part of chronic and acute pelvic inflammation were compared. In this part of the cases, there were 25 cases of chronic pelvic inflammation and 47 cases of acute pelvic inflammation. The average ADC value of the cystic component of chronic inflammation was significantly higher than that of acute inflammation, which were (2.86 ± 0.20) × 10 mm/s and (1.07 ± 0.38) ×10 mm/s, respectively, value <0.001.
Topics: Abscess; Adolescent; Adult; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Diffusion Tensor Imaging; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Middle Aged; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Retrospective Studies; Salpingitis; Young Adult
PubMed: 35833078
DOI: 10.1155/2022/5868453 -
Fertility and Sterility Jun 1992
Topics: Female; Humans; Infections; Infertility, Female; Intrauterine Devices; Mothers; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Population Density; Sexually Transmitted Diseases
PubMed: 1601138
DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(16)55069-9