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Skin Research and Technology : Official... Mar 2023To summarize the clinical and dermatoscopic features of temporal triangular alopecia in infants and explore the clinical significance of dermatoscopy in the diagnosis of...
OBJECTIVE
To summarize the clinical and dermatoscopic features of temporal triangular alopecia in infants and explore the clinical significance of dermatoscopy in the diagnosis of triangular alopecia temporalis in infants.
METHODS
A retrospective analysis was performed on 20 children with temporal triangular alopecia diagnosed in the dermatology clinic of Tianjin Children's Hospital from January 2015 to December 2021. Dermatoscopy was performed on all children, and images were collected.
RESULTS
The clinical features of 20 children were 15 males and five females, all of which were born immediately after birth; There were eight cases (40%) in the left temporal region, 10 cases (50%) in the right temporal region, one case (5%) in the head region, and one case (5%) in the occipital region; 19 cases were single (95%), one case was multiple (5%); There were 21 skin lesions, 15 triangular lesions (71.4%), four quasi-circular lesions (19%), and two lance-shaped lesions (9.5%). Trichoscopic features: The hair follicle opening in all skin lesions is normal, and the hair follicle opening can be seen with fluffy hair (vellus hair). The vellus hair is evenly distributed, and the length is diverse (both short and long vellus hair exist in the same hair loss area). There are 14 cases of white vellus hair (70%), five cases of white spots (25%), one case of honeycomb pigment pattern (5%), and one case of vascular dilation pattern (5%).
CONCLUSION
Temporal triangular alopecia in infants has typical clinical and dermatoscopic characteristics, and the dermatoscopy can provide clinical basis for its diagnosis and differential diagnosis.
Topics: Male; Child; Female; Humans; Infant; Retrospective Studies; Dermoscopy; Alopecia; Hair; Hair Follicle; Hair Diseases
PubMed: 36973981
DOI: 10.1111/srt.13294 -
Annals of Medicine Sep 2016Hair loss is both a common chief complaint by patients and a clinical challenge for physicians, especially general practitioners, yet few dermatological problems yield... (Review)
Review
Hair loss is both a common chief complaint by patients and a clinical challenge for physicians, especially general practitioners, yet few dermatological problems yield as much patient satisfaction when resolved as hair loss. The diagnosis is often attributed to androgen-related hair loss, while other causes, some of which are life-threatening but treatable, are overlooked. We searched for relevant literature on hair loss and supported these findings with our clinical experience to identify seven major systemic etiologies of hair loss, ranging from infectious agents to consumption of unsafe supplements. Many causes are only described in the literature through case studies, though some original articles and meta-analyses are available. Careful history taking, proper examination techniques, and judicious use of laboratory tests are essential to reach at the correct diagnosis in a cost-effective manner when performing patient work-up. Such methodical evaluation of hair loss can result in the appropriate treatment plan and provide significant patient satisfaction. Key messages Hair loss is a common chief complaint and a difficult challenge for both general practitioners and dermatology consultants. We identified seven major categories of systemic hair loss etiology and present a framework for their clinical evaluation. A methodical approach to hair loss can result in the appropriate treatment plan and provide significant patient satisfaction.
Topics: Alopecia; Androgens; Communicable Diseases; Dietary Supplements; Disease Management; Early Diagnosis; Humans; Patient Satisfaction
PubMed: 27145919
DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2016.1180426 -
The Journal of Investigative... Oct 2017Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia (CCCA) is a common and progressive form of lymphocyte predominant scarring alopecia which impacts negatively on the quality of... (Review)
Review
Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia (CCCA) is a common and progressive form of lymphocyte predominant scarring alopecia which impacts negatively on the quality of life of those affected. It is seen more commonly in women of African descent with prevalence ranging from 2.7% to 5.7%. Current postulates include genetic inheritance, with traction inducing hairstyling practices and hair chemicals as aggravating factors. Histology reveals a perifollicular lymphocytic inflammation of the lower infundibulum, premature desquamation of the inner root sheath, and fibrous connective tissue. Treatment remains challenging and is directed at suppressing and preventing the inflammation, thus aborting scarring, with surgical intervention reserved for those who have stable disease or absence of histological inflammation. Future research with more patient numbers, focusing on the genetics of CCCA may prove useful in order to fully understand the etiology, thus providing more effective treatments for CCCA.
Topics: Black or African American; Alopecia; Barbering; Cicatrix; Health Education; Humans; Quality of Life
PubMed: 28941495
DOI: 10.1016/j.jisp.2017.01.004 -
Canadian Family Physician Medecin de... Jul 2000To describe an organized diagnostic approach for both nonscarring and scarring alopecias to help family physicians establish an accurate in-office diagnosis. To explain... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To describe an organized diagnostic approach for both nonscarring and scarring alopecias to help family physicians establish an accurate in-office diagnosis. To explain when ancillary laboratory workup is necessary to confirm the diagnosis.
QUALITY OF EVIDENCE
Current diagnostic and therapeutic interventions for hair loss are based on randomized controlled studies, uncontrolled studies, and case series. MEDLINE was searched from January 1966 to December 1998 with the MeSH words alopecia, hair, and alopecia areata. Articles were selected on the basis of experimental design, with priority given to the most current large multicentre controlled studies. Overall global evidence for therapeutic intervention for hair loss is quite strong.
MAIN MESSAGE
The most common forms of nonscarring alopecias are androgenic alopecia, telogen effluvium, and alopecia areata. Other disorders include trichotillomania, traction alopecia, tinea capitis, and hair shaft abnormalities. Scarring alopecia is caused by trauma, infections, discoid lupus erythematosus, or lichen planus. Key to establishing an accurate diagnosis is a detailed history, including medication use, systemic illnesses, endocrine dysfunction, hair-care practices, and family history. All hair-bearing sites should be examined. A 4-mm punch biopsy of the scalp is useful, particularly to diagnose scarring alopecias. Once a diagnosis has been established, specific therapy can be initiated.
CONCLUSIONS
Diagnosis and management of hair loss is an interesting challenge for family physicians. An organized approach to recognizing characteristic differential features of hair loss disorders is key to diagnosis and management.
Topics: Adult; Alopecia; Alopecia Areata; Child; Cicatrix; Decision Trees; Female; Humans; Male; Physical Examination; Tinea Capitis; Trichotillomania
PubMed: 10925761
DOI: No ID Found -
Advances in Clinical and Experimental... Jul 2023Female pattern hair loss (FPHL) is a hereditary form of hair loss in women and the most common patterned progressive hair loss in female patients with androgenetic... (Review)
Review
A systematic review of clinical trials using single or combination therapy of oral or topical finasteride for women in reproductive age and postmenopausal women with hormonal and nonhormonal androgenetic alopecia.
Female pattern hair loss (FPHL) is a hereditary form of hair loss in women and the most common patterned progressive hair loss in female patients with androgenetic alopecia (AGA). One of the best methods for treating hair loss in women is the finasteride treatment. This systematic review includes a summary of the pharmacology of finasteride and the effect of the drug on women, especially those in the menopausal age group, and is aimed at elucidating methods of preventing systematic side effects. A search of all published literature from 1999 to 2020 has been conducted with the use of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, TRIP Cochrane, as well as Cochrane Skin databases. A total of 380 articles were found, of which 260 articles were removed and 87 review studies were excluded. Lastly, full texts of 33 original articles were reviewed and 14 articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected. Ten out of the 14 articles reported a high rate of alopecia recovery in women taking finasteride. Based on the results, it can be stated that 5 mg of oral finasteride per day could be an effective and safe treatment in normoandrogenic women with FPHL, especially when used in combination with other drugs, such as topical estradiol and minoxidil. We also found that topical finasteride is more effective than other topical formulas for treating hair loss.
Topics: Humans; Female; Finasteride; Postmenopause; Alopecia; Minoxidil; Combined Modality Therapy; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 36897103
DOI: 10.17219/acem/157990 -
The British Journal of General Practice... Oct 2014
Topics: Alopecia; Decision Making; General Practice; Humans; Ointments; Physician-Patient Relations; Self Concept
PubMed: 25267042
DOI: 10.3399/bjgp14X681985 -
Journal of the American Veterinary... Sep 2018
Topics: Alopecia; Animals; Humans; Male; Mite Infestations; Mites; Sciuridae
PubMed: 30179091
DOI: 10.2460/javma.253.6.723 -
Journal of the American Veterinary... Jun 2018
Topics: Alopecia; Animals; Cat Diseases; Cats; Female; Hyperpigmentation; Sebaceous Gland Diseases
PubMed: 29772977
DOI: 10.2460/javma.252.11.1359 -
Acta Dermato-venereologica Feb 2022The association of androgenetic alopecia with metabolic syndrome has been investigated in several studies, with conflicting results. We conducted a meta-analysis to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
The association of androgenetic alopecia with metabolic syndrome has been investigated in several studies, with conflicting results. We conducted a meta-analysis to quantitatively evaluate the risk grade of metabolic syndrome and the metabolic profile in patients with androgenetic alopecia compared with controls. In total, 19 articles (2,531 participants) satisfied the inclusion criteria. The pooled odds ratio for the prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome between the group with androgenetic alopecia and controls was 3.46 (95% CI 2.38-5.05; pā<ā0.001). Female sex, early onset, and African ethnicity were associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, patients with androgenetic alopecia had significantly poorer metabolic profiles, such as body mass index, waist circumference, fasting glucose, blood lipids, and blood pressure. It is important for physicians to screen metabolism-related indicators in patients with androgenetic alopecia. More rigorously designed studies and larger sample sizes are required in future studies.
Topics: Alopecia; Female; Humans; Lipids; Metabolic Syndrome; Odds Ratio; Prevalence
PubMed: 34935992
DOI: 10.2340/actadv.v101.1012 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology,... 2013Alopecia areata (AA) is a common form of non-scarring hair loss of scalp and/or body. Genetic predisposition, autoimmunity, and environmental factors play a major role... (Review)
Review
Alopecia areata (AA) is a common form of non-scarring hair loss of scalp and/or body. Genetic predisposition, autoimmunity, and environmental factors play a major role in the etiopathogenesis of AA. Patchy AA is the most common form. Atopy and autoimmune thyroiditis are most common associated conditions. Peribulbar and intrabulbar lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrate resembling "swarm of bees" is characteristic on histopathology. Treatment is mainly focused to contain the disease activity. Corticosteroids are the preferred treatments in form of topical, intralesional, or systemic therapy. Camouflage in the form of wigs may be an alternative option in refractory cases.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Alopecia Areata; Humans; Scalp
PubMed: 23974575
DOI: 10.4103/0378-6323.116725