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Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 2013
Topics: Alopecia; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Syphilis, Cutaneous
PubMed: 23995009
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.52.0452 -
Atencion Primaria Apr 2019
Topics: Adult; Alopecia; Friction; Humans; Leg; Male
PubMed: 30579572
DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2018.03.012 -
Actas Dermo-sifiliograficas Jun 2023Trichoscopy is an essential tool in the evaluation of alopecia. The current compilation of trichoscopic signs in this setting helps distinguish between different forms... (Review)
Review
Trichoscopy is an essential tool in the evaluation of alopecia. The current compilation of trichoscopic signs in this setting helps distinguish between different forms of hair loss and has improved our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms involved. The trichoscopic signs are always linked to the pathogenic mechanisms of the alopecia being examined. We examine correlations between the main trichoscopic and histopathologic findings in nonscarring alopecias.
Topics: Humans; Alopecia
PubMed: 37172899
DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2023.05.014 -
Hormones (Athens, Greece) 2014
Review
Topics: 3-Oxo-5-alpha-Steroid 4-Dehydrogenase; 5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors; Alopecia; Androgens; Animals; Comorbidity; Cost of Illness; Estradiol Congeners; Female; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Hair Follicle; Humans; Incidence; Male; Phenotype; Receptors, Androgen; Risk Factors; Sex Factors; Testosterone Congeners
PubMed: 24776620
DOI: 10.1007/BF03401334 -
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy =... Jan 2023We reviewed and summarized the latest reports on the characteristics of stem cells and follicular cells that are under development for hair loss treatment. Compared with... (Review)
Review
We reviewed and summarized the latest reports on the characteristics of stem cells and follicular cells that are under development for hair loss treatment. Compared with conventional medicine, cell therapy could be effective in the long term with a single treatment while having mild adverse effects. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have the advantages of easy access and large isolation amount compared with dermal papilla cells (DPCs) and dermal sheath cup cells (DSCs), and promote hair growth through the paracrine effect. ASCs have a poor potential in hair neogenesis, therefore, methods to enhance trichogenecity of ASCs should be developed. DSCs can be isolated from the peribulbar dermal sheath cup, while having immune tolerance, and hair inductivity. Therefore, DSCs were first developed and finished the phase II clinical trial; however, the hair growth was not satisfactory. Considering that a single injection of DSCs is effective for at least 9 months in the clinical setting, they can be an alternative therapy for hair regeneration. Though DPCs are not yet studied in clinical trials, we should pay attention to DPCs, as hair loss is associated with gradual reduction of DPCs and DP cell numbers fluctuate over the hair cycle. DPCs could make new hair follicles with epidermal cells, and have an immunomodulatory function to enable allogeneic transplantation. In addition, we can expand large quantities of DPCs with hair inductivity using spheroid culture, hypoxia condition, and growth factor supplement. 'Off-the-shelf' DPC therapy could be effective and economical, and therefore promising for hair regeneration.
Topics: Humans; Cells, Cultured; Hair; Hair Follicle; Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy; Alopecia
PubMed: 36370520
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113988 -
Acta Dermato-venereologica Dec 2023Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder that greatly impacts patients' quality of life, and its management remains challenging. Tofacitinib is the first Janus kinase...
Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder that greatly impacts patients' quality of life, and its management remains challenging. Tofacitinib is the first Janus kinase inhibitor to be approved for clinical use and is the most extensively studied. Several studies have demonstrated the clinical effectiveness of oral tofacitinib in treating patients with alopecia areata. However, despite being widely used in clinical practice, no prospective randomized controlled trials have been implemented and its indication criteria have not been thoroughly established. Moreover, little is known about the factors associated with response to therapy under real-world conditions. The aims of this retrospective cohort study of patients with alopecia areata treated with tofacitinib for 3 months were to assess the effectiveness of tofacitinib and to identify predictive factors of response to it. Primary outcome was the change in disease severity, as evaluated by Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) grade. A total of 125 patients with alopecia areata were included, the incidence of effectiveness was 83.2%, and 16.0% of patients achieved a result of complete remission. Total duration of alopecia areata and previous hair regrowth were independent predictors of response. Combined therapy was associated with relapse after discontinuation. No severe adverse event was observed. This study suggests that tofacitinib provides an effective treatment option for patients with alopecia areata, and that earlier intervention in the treatment of severe alopecia areata with tofacitinib may lead to better outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Alopecia Areata; Retrospective Studies; Quality of Life; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Pyrroles; Alopecia
PubMed: 38112208
DOI: 10.2340/actadv.v103.12425 -
Australian Journal of General Practice Jul 2018Female pattern hair loss (FPHL) is a commonly encountered clinical presentation in primary care. Patterned hair loss in women is characterised by diffuse hair thinning...
BACKGROUND
Female pattern hair loss (FPHL) is a commonly encountered clinical presentation in primary care. Patterned hair loss in women is characterised by diffuse hair thinning and often becomes an ongoing cause of psychosocial distress.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this article is to present a practical approach for the clinical assessment of female hair loss and to review the up-to-date treatment modalities.
DISCUSSION
Alopecia can be the first symptom of systemic illness. It is therefore crucial for the primary care physician to be able to differentiate between FPHL and more concerning causes of hair loss. Treatment options often involve a combination of non-androgenic and androgenic therapy. The use of oral minoxidil in combination with oral spironolactone is a novel therapy with promising results. The role of the general practitioner is paramount in establishing the diagnosis, setting achievable therapeutic goals and navigating the psychosocial comorbidity associated with this chronic condition.
Topics: 5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors; Adult; Alopecia; Androgen Receptor Antagonists; Female; Humans; Minoxidil; Risk Factors; Spironolactone; Vasodilator Agents
PubMed: 30114864
DOI: 10.31128/AJGP-02-18-4498 -
International Journal of Molecular... Dec 2017Non-scarring hair loss is a common problem that affects both male and female patients. Since any disturbances in the hair follicle cycle may lead to hair shedding, or... (Review)
Review
Non-scarring hair loss is a common problem that affects both male and female patients. Since any disturbances in the hair follicle cycle may lead to hair shedding, or alopecia, it is not surprising that the possible role of vitamin D in alopecia was investigated in many studies. Vitamin D has been shown to have many important functions. A growing body of evidence shows that vitamin D and its receptor are responsible for maintaining not only calcium homeostasis but also skin homeostasis. Moreover, vitamin D could also regulate cutaneous innate and adaptive immunity. This paper presents a review of current literature considering the role of vitamin D in alopecia areata, telogen effluvium, and female pattern hair loss. The majority of studies revealed decreased serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in patients with different types of non-scarring alopecia, which could suggest its potential role in the pathogenesis of hair loss. According to the authors, vitamin D supplementation could be a therapeutic option for patients with alopecia areata, female pattern hair loss, or telogen effluvium. However, further studies on a larger group of patients are required.
Topics: Alopecia; Female; Humans; Male; Vitamin D; Vitamins
PubMed: 29215595
DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122653 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology,... 2012
Topics: Adult; Alopecia; Facies; Female; Hair Color; Humans; Werner Syndrome
PubMed: 22565447
DOI: 10.4103/0378-6323.95469 -
The Journal of Investigative... Nov 2015During its 25th anniversary year, the National Alopecia Areata Foundation undertook a project to completely re-evaluate their research program and to help focus and... (Review)
Review
During its 25th anniversary year, the National Alopecia Areata Foundation undertook a project to completely re-evaluate their research program and to help focus and direct future directions of alopecia areata research to better meet the goals of people with alopecia areata (AA) and the scientists working to discover mechanisms of disease and better treatments for AA. This project was embodied in four research summits in 2008, 2009, 2010, and 2012, as part of the Foundation's main strategic initiative, the Alopecia Areata Treatment Development Program to accelerate progress toward a viable alopecia areata treatment. The first summit was an evaluation of the progress of AA research in a global sense, with an emphasis on how to use the research programs to bring better treatments to patients. The second summit focused on immunology and how to better understand the autoimmune nature of AA. The third summit focused on developing a clinical research network that could most effectively bring new treatments to patients. The fourth summit consolidated the considerable evidence of the mechanisms of AA, and how these mechanisms could be targeted by modern therapies, many of which were being used effectively in other autoimmune diseases. These four summits laid the foundation for the fifth summit in the series: From Targets to Treatments: Bridging Autoimmune Research to Advance Understanding of Alopecia Areata.
Topics: Alopecia Areata; Animals; Biomedical Research; Congresses as Topic; Disease Models, Animal; Foundations; Humans
PubMed: 26551935
DOI: 10.1038/jidsymp.2015.30