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BioMed Research International 2022The present study was aimed at investigating the possible antiulcer activities of some natural phytochemicals leaf extract (APLE) and flower extract (APFE) in addition...
OBJECTIVE
The present study was aimed at investigating the possible antiulcer activities of some natural phytochemicals leaf extract (APLE) and flower extract (APFE) in addition to the date palm seed extract (DPSE) and the oily samples of DPSE in a pylorus ligation-induced ulcer model using ranitidine as a standard antiulcer drug.
BACKGROUND
Peptic ulcer is a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder due to hypersecretion of gastric acid. It affects four million people worldwide, and 2-10% of these ulcers are perforated and cause bleeding. This increases the risk of morbidity and mortality. So we aimed to introduce a primary study alternatively safe method for treating peptic ulcer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Forty-two Wistar Albino rats of either sex were randomly divided into seven groups (6/each). The pylorus ligation was done to induce ulcer in pretreated albino rats. The antiulcer activities of extracts were estimated at different dose levels (250 and 500 mg/kg) using ranitidine as a standard drug (50 mg/kg). Gastric volume, pH, and total and free acidity as well as ulcer index and percentage of ulcer inhibition were measured to elucidate the antiulcerogenic effects. Histological examination of gastric ulcer was also performed. Statistical analysis for the results was done where < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS
Pylorus ligation for 6 h in control rats resulted in gastric ulcer which was indicated by the accumulation of gastric secretion and increased total acidity and decreased pH. The pretreatment of rats with APLE, APFE, and DPSE in addition to the oily samples of DPSE significantly inhibited the ulcers induced by pylorus ligation. These effects were attributed to significant reductions in total and free acidity, ulcer index, and gastric volume while there is a marked decrease in gastric pH (the antisecretory) as well as mucosal strengthening properties of these phytochemicals.
CONCLUSION
These findings give these extracts the potential to be a promising tool for the management of gastric ulcer after performing further clinical and experimental studies. Our study demonstrated the promising antiulcer activity of extracts and oils in pyloric ligation-induced gastric ulcer. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to explore the antiulcer activity of these extracts; however, further investigations may be recommended for full details about this antiulcerogenic capacity.
Topics: Aloe; Animals; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Phoeniceae; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Ranitidine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Stomach Ulcer
PubMed: 35111849
DOI: 10.1155/2022/9246785 -
Reumatologia Clinica 2011Recurrent aphthous stomatitis consists on recurring oral ulcers of unknown etiology. Oral ulcers may be different in number and size depending on the clinical... (Review)
Review
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis consists on recurring oral ulcers of unknown etiology. Oral ulcers may be different in number and size depending on the clinical presentation, which also determines the time needed for healing. Moreover, there are factors associated to outbreaks but not implicated in its etiopathogenesis. When oral aphthosis has a known etiology, it is not considered as recurrent aphthous stomatitis. The severity and the clinical presentation helps in the differential diagnosis. Treatment is symptomatic in recurrent aphthous stomatitis while, if there is an underlying systemic disease, the treatment of such disease is need in addition to topical treatment.
Topics: Anti-Ulcer Agents; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Rheumatology; Stomatitis, Aphthous
PubMed: 21925448
DOI: 10.1016/j.reuma.2011.05.003 -
World Journal of Gastroenterology Jul 2005Uncomplicated reflux disease comprises the non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) and erosive reflux disease (ERD). The objectives of treatment are the adequate control of... (Review)
Review
Uncomplicated reflux disease comprises the non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) and erosive reflux disease (ERD). The objectives of treatment are the adequate control of symptoms with restoration of quality of life, healing of lesions and prevention of relapse. Treatment of NERD consists in the administration of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) for 2-4 wk, although patients with NERD show an overall poorer response to PPI treatment than patients with ERD owing to the fact that patients with NERD do not form a pathophysiologically homogenous group. For long-term management on-demand treatment with a PPI is probably the best option. In patients with ERD, therapy with a standard dose PPI for 4-8 wk is always recommended. Long-term treatment of ERD is applied either intermittently or as continuous maintenance treatment with an attempt to reduce the daily dosage of the PPI (step-down principle). In selected patients requiring long-term PPI treatment, antireflux surgery is an alternative option. In patients with troublesome reflux symptoms and without alarming features empirical PPI therapy is another option for initial management. Therapy should be withdrawn after initial success. In the case of relapse, the long-term care depends on a careful risk assessment and the response to PPI therapy.
Topics: Anti-Ulcer Agents; Duodenogastric Reflux; Humans; Proton Pump Inhibitors
PubMed: 16038023
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v11.i28.4291 -
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management Aug 2000Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are popular and important for the treatment of inflammation and pain. However, conventional NSAIDs are intrinsically toxic... (Review)
Review
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are popular and important for the treatment of inflammation and pain. However, conventional NSAIDs are intrinsically toxic to the gastroduodenal (GD) mucosa. The literature can, and should, guide us towards safer prescribing of NSAIDs. Factors known to increase the risk of GD toxicity include: history of peptic ulcer disease; advanced age; high doses; and coadministration of aspirin, anticoagulants or corticosteroids. Patients with any one of these risk factors, with the possible exception of age alone, should receive gastroprotective prophylaxis with proton pump inhibitors or misoprostol. Standard dose H2 antagonists do not protect against NSAID-induced gastric ulcers and are unsuitable for prophylaxis. Awareness of risk factors and appropriate prophylactic agents will minimize the risk to patients. Whether the new generation of highly selective COX-2 inhibitors and nitric oxide-donating NSAIDs are safer drugs in long-term use be remains to be proven, though initial clinical trial data are positive.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Duodenal Diseases; Humans; Stomach Diseases
PubMed: 10989252
DOI: 10.1016/s0885-3924(00)00175-5 -
Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy : JMCP 2004
Review
Topics: Anti-Ulcer Agents; Drugs, Generic; Heartburn; Humans; Nonprescription Drugs; Omeprazole; Proton Pump Inhibitors
PubMed: 15369431
DOI: 10.18553/jmcp.2004.10.5.458 -
Annals of Medicine Dec 2021The fruit of is a rich and valuable source of bioactive compounds and is traditionally used for treating wounds and ulcers. The present study was carried out to...
BACKGROUND AND AIM
The fruit of is a rich and valuable source of bioactive compounds and is traditionally used for treating wounds and ulcers. The present study was carried out to investigate the protective effect of chromatographically standardized fruit extract of (GCE) on ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats and its possible mechanisms.
METHODS
The effect of GCE (200 and 400 mg/kg body weight) was evaluated by determining various gastric ulcer parameters like gastric wall mucus, non-protein sulfhydryls (NP-SH) content, microvascular permeability, endogenous antioxidant enzyme, and gastric histopathological study.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS
Oral administration of GCE at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg exhibited significant ( < .01) dose-dependent inhibition of ulcer index by 18.94-44.02%, respectively. Pre-treatment of rats with GCE (400 mg/kg) significantly restored the depleted gastric wall mucus level by 34.09% and NP-SH content by 33.35% induced by ethanol administration. In addition, GCE (400 mg/kg) showed a significant decrease in microvascular permeability of Evans Blue by 47.43%, rationalizing its protective effect. Furthermore, a significant increase in oxidative enzyme levels with reduction in malondialdehyde level and elevation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was observed in the GCE treated group as compared to the ulcer control group. The histopathological assessment also confirmed the protective nature of GCE. HPTLC analysis showed the presence of 0.27%, 0.11% w/w gallic acid, and amentoflavone, respectively in GCE. The content of α-mangostin and xanthochymol in the extract sample quantified by HPLC-PDA method was 0.72 and 8.46%, respectively. The results obtained indicate that the protective effect of GCE against gastric ulcers in rats through multiple actions confirmed by the reduction of oxidative stress and restoration of adhered gastric mucus, NP-SH content, and histological architecture.KEY MESSAGESEthanol is the most typical ulcerogenic agent and has been shown to extend the risk of ulcer in humans.Natural products are promising alternative medication for the development of new drugs to regulate gastrointestinal diseases. protects the gastric mucosa through multiple actions that include restoration of adhered gastric mucus and inhibition of lipid peroxidation.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Ethanol; Fruit; Garcinia; Humans; Malondialdehyde; Plant Extracts; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Stomach Ulcer
PubMed: 34555996
DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2021.1981548 -
Digestion 2002Achieving the optimal clinical response for patients with upper gastrointestinal peptic disease is important. This response depends on the pathology treated as well as... (Review)
Review
Achieving the optimal clinical response for patients with upper gastrointestinal peptic disease is important. This response depends on the pathology treated as well as on the choice of proton pump inhibitor. Here, we identify factors in specific disease therapy and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics that help us achieve this goal. These include differences in PPI bioavailability and acid-suppressive effects. Available data indicate that PPIs appear to have similar potency on a milligram basis, and that omeprazole and lansoprazole are more frequently double dosed than pantoprazole. The lower propensity for double dosing with pantoprazole may also result in lower medication acquisition costs and a reduction in physician visits due to ineffective therapy with the standard dosing of these other agents.
Topics: 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Benzimidazoles; Cost Savings; Duodenal Ulcer; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Humans; Omeprazole; Pantoprazole; Proton Pump Inhibitors; Sulfoxides
PubMed: 12428065
DOI: 10.1159/000065588 -
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy =... Jun 2021This study investigated the gastroprotective effects and possible mechanism of Kangfuxin (KFX), an ethanol extract of Periplaneta americana L. (Dictyoptera; Blattidae),...
This study investigated the gastroprotective effects and possible mechanism of Kangfuxin (KFX), an ethanol extract of Periplaneta americana L. (Dictyoptera; Blattidae), on improving healing quality and preventing recurrence of gastric ulcer. The effects of KFX were investigated in patients treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), gastric ulcer animal model, and rat gastric mucosal cells and fibroblasts. Moreover, the relationship between KFX and p38/NF-κB pathway were explored both in vivo and in vitro. In patients, KFX exhibited protective effects against gastric ulcers and resulted in a decrease in the CD3 expression. In vivo animal experiments confirmed that KFX accelerated ulcer healing by promoting neovascularization (increased CD34 expression), suppressing inflammation (decreased interleukin-1β (IL-1β), myeloperoxidase (MPO), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and IL-8 expression), and enhancing growth factor expression, including the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). In vitro experiments demonstrated that treatment with 10% KFX rat serum decreased IL-1β, IL-1Ra, SIL-1RAP, TNF-α, and ICAM-1 expression in rat gastric mucosal cells or fibroblasts and increased IL-1R expression compared to that in the group treatment with 10% normal rat serum. Furthermore, KFX inhibited the activation of p38/NF-κB pathway both in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, KFX treatment could effectively improve healing quality and prevent gastric ulcer recurrence, which might be attributed to neovascularization, suppressed inflammation, and enhanced growth factor expression. The p38/NF-κB pathway may be one of important mechanism to mediate the effects of KFX.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Cells, Cultured; Female; Gastric Mucosa; Humans; Male; Materia Medica; Rats; Recurrence; Stomach Ulcer; Treatment Outcome; Wound Healing
PubMed: 33761454
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111513 -
Japanese Journal of Pharmacology Aug 1994Effects of KW-5805, a new antiulcer agent, on various experimental ulcers, necrotizing agent-induced gastric lesions and gastric acid secretion in rats were compared... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Effects of KW-5805, a new antiulcer agent, on various experimental ulcers, necrotizing agent-induced gastric lesions and gastric acid secretion in rats were compared with those of pirenzepine and cimetidine. KW-5805 showed antiulcer activities against experimental gastric and duodenal ulcers (ED50 = 1.2-10.0 mg/kg, p.o.). KW-5805 effectively inhibited gastric lesions induced by various necrotizing agents (ED50 = 4.5-39.8 mg/kg, p.o.). In addition, the cytoprotective effect of KW-5805 was not affected by indomethacin, but reserved by N-ethylmaleimide. These antiulcer and cytoprotective effects of KW-5805 were more potent than those of pirenzepine and cimetidine. In pylorus-ligated rats, intraduodenal KW-5805 administration at 30 mg/kg showed a weak antisecretory effect, which was 3-10 times less potent than those of pirenzepine and cimetidine. In rats with acute gastric fistula, intravenous injection of KW-5805 reduced methacholine-stimulated gastric acid secretion at doses of 10 and 30 mg/kg and inhibited tetragastrin-induced acid secretion at 30 mg/kg. These results indicate that KW-5805 has potent and broad antiulcer properties, which are probably exerted by its potent cytoprotective effect in addition to its antisecretory effect.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Benzoxepins; Cimetidine; Depression, Chemical; Duodenal Ulcer; Ethanol; Gastric Acid; Gastric Mucosa; Hydrochloric Acid; Male; Necrosis; Pirenzepine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Stomach Ulcer; Taurocholic Acid
PubMed: 7990267
DOI: 10.1254/jjp.65.305 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) May 2014Essential oils have attracted considerable worldwide attention over the last few decades. These natural products have wide-ranging pharmacological activities and... (Review)
Review
Essential oils have attracted considerable worldwide attention over the last few decades. These natural products have wide-ranging pharmacological activities and biotechnological applications. Faced with the need to find new anti-ulcer agents and the great effort on the development of drugs for the treatment of ulcers, in this review, the anti-ulcer activities of 21 bioactive compounds found in essential oils are discussed.
Topics: Anti-Ulcer Agents; Humans; Oils, Volatile; Ulcer
PubMed: 24802985
DOI: 10.3390/molecules19055717