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International Urology and Nephrology May 2024Pyroptosis, a form of programmed cell death distinct from apoptosis and necrosis, is thought to be closely associated with the pathogenesis of diseases. Recently, the... (Review)
Review
Pyroptosis, a form of programmed cell death distinct from apoptosis and necrosis, is thought to be closely associated with the pathogenesis of diseases. Recently, the association between pyroptosis and urinary diseases has attracted considerable attention, and a comprehensive review focusing on this issue is not available. In this study, we reviewed the role of pyroptosis in the development and progression of benign urinary diseases and urinary malignancies. Based on this, pyroptosis has been implicated in the development of urinary diseases. In summary, this review sheds light on future research directions and provides novel ideas for using pyroptosis as a powerful tool to fight urinary diseases.
Topics: Humans; Pyroptosis; Urogenital Diseases; Apoptosis; Necrosis
PubMed: 38103146
DOI: 10.1007/s11255-023-03894-6 -
Advanced Science (Weinheim,... Dec 2022The terrible morbidity and mortality of malignant tumors urgently require innovative therapeutics, especially for apoptosis-resistant tumors. Pyroptosis, a... (Review)
Review
The terrible morbidity and mortality of malignant tumors urgently require innovative therapeutics, especially for apoptosis-resistant tumors. Pyroptosis, a pro-inflammatory form of programmed cell death (PCD), is featured with pore formation in plasma membrane, cell swelling with giant bubbles, and leakage of cytoplasmic pro-inflammatory cytokines, which can remodel the tumor immune microenvironment by stimulating a "cold" tumor microenvironment to be an immunogenic "hot" tumor microenvironment, and consequently augment the therapeutic efficiency of malignant tumors. Benefiting from current advances in nanotechnology, nanomedicine is extensively applied to potentiate, enable, and augment pyroptosis for enhancing cancer-therapeutic efficacy and specificity. This review provides a concentrated summary and discussion of the most recent progress achieved in this emerging field, highlighting the nanomedicine-enabled/augmented specific pyroptosis strategy for favoring the construction of next-generation nanomedicines to efficiently induce PCD. It is highly expected that the further clinical translation of nanomedicine can be accelerated by inducing pyroptotic cell death based on bioactive nanomedicines.
Topics: Humans; Pyroptosis; Nanomedicine; Apoptosis; Neoplasms; Cytokines; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 36266982
DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203583 -
Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical... Nov 2014Low vitamin D status has been associated with increased risk of several cancers and obesity; concurrently, obesity and cancer have been linked to impaired vitamin D... (Review)
Review
Low vitamin D status has been associated with increased risk of several cancers and obesity; concurrently, obesity and cancer have been linked to impaired vitamin D status. In both cancer and obesity, selective elimination of cancer cells and adipocytes can result in decreasing tumor size and a long-term reduction in adipose tissue mass. These effects can be achieved through induction of apoptotic cell death. The vitamin D-derived hormone 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) triggers apoptosis in epithelial cancer cells and mature adipocytes via induction of apoptotic Ca2+ signal - a sustained, prolonged increase in concentration of intracellular Ca2+. This Ca2+ signal functions as an apoptotic initiator that directly recruits apoptotic effectors, Ca2+-dependent proteases, in cancer cells and adipocytes. The 1,25(OH)2D3 - cellular Ca2+ - apoptosis link in cancer and obesity supports the rationale to include vitamin D compounds modulating intracellular Ca2+ and Ca2+-dependent apoptotic proteases as promising targets for discovery of new therapeutic and preventive agents for cancer and obesity. The concept of maintaining an increased vitamin D status for protecting against cancer and decreasing adiposity also warrants further evaluation.
Topics: Apoptosis; Calcium Signaling; Cholecalciferol; Humans; Neoplasms; Obesity
PubMed: 25460294
DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2014-0035 -
Chinese Medical Journal Oct 2021Cell death occurs in various tissues and organs in the body. It is a physiological or pathological process that has different effects. It is of great significance in... (Review)
Review
Cell death occurs in various tissues and organs in the body. It is a physiological or pathological process that has different effects. It is of great significance in maintaining the morphological function of cells and clearing abnormal cells. Pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necrosis are all modes of cell death that have been studied extensively by many experts and scholars, including studies on their effects on the liver, kidney, the heart, other organs, and even the whole body. The heart, as the most important organ of the body, should be a particular focus. This review summarizes the mechanisms underlying the various cell death modes and the relationship between the various mechanisms and heart diseases. The current research status for heart therapy is discussed from the perspective of pathogenesis.
Topics: Apoptosis; Autophagy; Cardiovascular Diseases; Humans; Necrosis; Pyroptosis
PubMed: 34608069
DOI: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000001772 -
PLoS Pathogens Aug 2022Viruses are ubiquitous intracellular genetic parasites that heavily rely on the infected cell to complete their replication life cycle. This dependency on the host... (Review)
Review
Viruses are ubiquitous intracellular genetic parasites that heavily rely on the infected cell to complete their replication life cycle. This dependency on the host machinery forces viruses to modulate a variety of cellular processes including cell survival and cell death. Viruses are known to activate and block almost all types of programmed cell death (PCD) known so far. Modulating PCD in infected hosts has a variety of direct and indirect effects on viral pathogenesis and antiviral immunity. The mechanisms leading to apoptosis following virus infection is widely studied, but several modalities of PCD, including necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and paraptosis, are relatively understudied. In this review, we cover the mechanisms by which viruses activate and inhibit PCDs and suggest perspectives on how these affect viral pathogenesis and immunity.
Topics: Apoptosis; Cell Death; Humans; Pyroptosis; Virus Diseases; Viruses
PubMed: 35951530
DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010718 -
Cell Communication and Signaling : CCS Feb 2024Apoptosis plays a pivotal role in pathogen elimination and maintaining homeostasis. However, viruses have evolved strategies to evade apoptosis, enabling their... (Review)
Review
Apoptosis plays a pivotal role in pathogen elimination and maintaining homeostasis. However, viruses have evolved strategies to evade apoptosis, enabling their persistence within the host. Z-DNA binding protein 1 (ZBP1) is a potent innate immune sensor that detects cytoplasmic nucleic acids and activates the innate immune response to clear pathogens. When apoptosis is inhibited by viral invasion, ZBP1 can be activated to compensate for the effect of apoptosis by triggering an innate immune response. This review examined the mechanisms of apoptosis inhibition and ZBP1 activation during viral invasion. The authors outlined the mechanisms of ZBP1-induced type I interferon, pyroptosis and necroptosis, as well as the crosstalk between ZBP1 and the cGAS-STING signalling pathway. Furthermore, ZBP1 can reverse the suppression of apoptotic signals induced by viruses. Intriguingly, a positive feedback loop exists in the ZBP1 signalling pathway, which intensifies the innate immune response while triggering a cytokine storm, leading to tissue and organ damage. The prudent use of ZBP1, which is a double-edged sword, has significant clinical implications for treating infections and inflammation.
Topics: Humans; Apoptosis; Immunity, Innate; Pyroptosis; Inflammation; Cytoplasm
PubMed: 38402193
DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01531-y -
International Journal of Biological... 2023Pyroptosis is a form of cell death that is characterized by the destruction of the cell, and it has implications in both the immune system and cancer immunotherapy. The... (Review)
Review
Pyroptosis is a form of cell death that is characterized by the destruction of the cell, and it has implications in both the immune system and cancer immunotherapy. The gasdermin family is responsible for the activation of pyroptosis, which involves the formation of pores in the cellular membrane that permit the discharge of inflammatory factors. The inflammasome response is a powerful mechanism that helps to eliminate bacteria and cancer cells when cellular damage occurs. As tumor cells become more resilient to apoptosis, other treatments for cancer are becoming more popular. It is essential to gain a thorough understanding of pyroptosis in order to use it in cancer treatment, considering the intricate association between pyroptosis and the immune system's defensive reaction against tumors. This review offers an overview of the mechanisms of pyroptosis, the relationship between the gasdermin family and pyroptosis, and the interplay between pyroptosis and anti-tumor immunity. In addition, the potential implications of pyroptosis in cancer immunotherapy are discussed. Additionally, we explore future research possibilities and introduce a novel approach to tumor treatment.
Topics: Pyroptosis; Gasdermins; Apoptosis; Cell Death; Immunotherapy
PubMed: 37705746
DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.86855 -
Cardiovascular Therapeutics Apr 2016The process of programmed cell death, or apoptosis, is known as a key player in the development and progression of cardiovascular disease. The proposed mechanism for... (Review)
Review
The process of programmed cell death, or apoptosis, is known as a key player in the development and progression of cardiovascular disease. The proposed mechanism for apoptosis is the activation of two main apoptotic signaling pathways (the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways), which lead to cell death. As the rate and amount of cardiomyocyte loss is the most important determinant of patient morbidity and mortality, novel treatment strategies targeting apoptosis are crucial. Recently, Humanin has been shown to exert protective effects against cellular apoptosis in both experimental and clinical studies. The potential cardioprotective mechanisms of Humanin have been shown to involve both the extracellular and intracellular signaling pathways. In this review, the current knowledge and the mechanisms inhibiting cellular apoptosis by Humanin during cardiac injury are comprehensively summarized. In addition, both research and clinical findings regarding the effects of Humanin on the heart and vasculature are also presented and discussed. Currently available information suggests that Humanin may exert cardioprotective benefits and could potentially be used as a novel pharmacological intervention against cellular apoptosis during myocardial injury.
Topics: Apoptosis; Humans; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Myocytes, Cardiac; Protective Agents; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 26667157
DOI: 10.1111/1755-5922.12168 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2023can cause widespread infections and is an important factor of hospital- and community-acquired pneumonia. The emergence of hypervirulent poses a serious clinical...
can cause widespread infections and is an important factor of hospital- and community-acquired pneumonia. The emergence of hypervirulent poses a serious clinical therapeutic challenge and is associated with a high mortality. The goal of this work was to investigate the influence of infection on host cells, particularly pyroptosis, apoptosis, and autophagy in the context of host-pathogen interactions to better understand the pathogenic mechanism of . Two clinical isolates, one classical isolate and one hypervirulent isolate, were used to infect RAW264.7 cells to establish an infection model. We first examined the phagocytosis of macrophages infected with . Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release test, and calcein-AM/PI double staining was conducted to determine the viability of macrophages. The inflammatory response was evaluated by measuring the pro-inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The occurrence of pyroptosis, apoptosis, and autophagy was assessed by detecting the mRNA and protein levels of the corresponding biochemical markers. In addition, mouse pneumonia models were constructed by intratracheal instillation of for validation experiments. As for results, hypervirulent was much more resistant to macrophage-mediated phagocytosis but caused more severe cellular damage and lung tissues damage compared with classical . Moreover, we found increased expression of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, and GSDMD associated with pyroptosis in macrophages and lung tissues, and the levels were much higher following hypervirulent challenge. Both strains induced apoptosis and ; the higher apoptosis proportion was observed in infection caused by hypervirulent . Furthermore, classical strongly triggered autophagy, while hypervirulent weakly activated this process. These findings provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of and may form the foundation for the future design of treatments for infection.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Pyroptosis; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Virulence; Apoptosis; Autophagy; Disease Models, Animal
PubMed: 37223846
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1165609 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jan 2021A viral infection that involves virus invasion, protein synthesis, and virion assembly is typically accompanied by sharp fluctuations in the intracellular levels of... (Review)
Review
A viral infection that involves virus invasion, protein synthesis, and virion assembly is typically accompanied by sharp fluctuations in the intracellular levels of metabolites. Under certain conditions, dramatic metabolic shifts can result in various types of cell death. Here, we review different types of adenovirus-induced cell death associated with changes in metabolic profiles of the infected cells. As evidenced by experimental data, in most cases changes in the metabolome precede cell death rather than represent its consequence. In our previous study, the induction of autophagic cell death was observed following adenovirus-mediated lactate production, acetyl-CoA accumulation, and ATP release, while apoptosis was demonstrated to be modulated by alterations in acetate and asparagine metabolism. On the other hand, adenovirus-induced ROS production and ATP depletion were demonstrated to play a significant role in the process of necrotic cell death. Interestingly, the accumulation of ceramide compounds was found to contribute to the induction of all the three types of cell death mentioned above. Eventually, the characterization of metabolite analysis could help in uncovering the molecular mechanism of adenovirus-mediated cell death induction and contribute to the development of efficacious oncolytic adenoviral vectors.
Topics: Adenoviridae; Apoptosis; Cell Death; Genetic Vectors; Humans; Metabolome
PubMed: 33466472
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010464