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Infectious Disease Clinics of North... Jun 2015Babesiosis is caused by intraerythrocytic protozoan parasites that are transmitted by ticks, or less commonly through blood transfusion or transplacentally. Human... (Review)
Review
Babesiosis is caused by intraerythrocytic protozoan parasites that are transmitted by ticks, or less commonly through blood transfusion or transplacentally. Human babesiosis was first recognized in a splenectomized patient in Europe but most cases have been reported from the northeastern and upper midwestern United States in people with an intact spleen and no history of immune impairment. Cases are reported in Asia, Africa, Australia, Europe, and South America. Babesiosis shares many clinical features with malaria and can be fatal, particularly in the elderly and the immunocompromised.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Babesia; Babesiosis; DNA, Protozoan; Enzyme Inhibitors; Erythrocytes; Humans; Polymerase Chain Reaction
PubMed: 25999229
DOI: 10.1016/j.idc.2015.02.008 -
Infectious Disease Clinics of North... Sep 2022Babesiosis is caused by intraerythrocytic parasites that are transmitted primarily by ticks, infrequently through blood transfusion, and rarely through transplacental... (Review)
Review
Babesiosis is caused by intraerythrocytic parasites that are transmitted primarily by ticks, infrequently through blood transfusion, and rarely through transplacental transmission or organ transplantation. Human babesiosis is found throughout the world, but the incidence is highest in the Northeast and upper Midwestern United States. Babesiosis has clinical features that resemble malaria and can be fatal in immunocompromised and older patients. Diagnosis is confirmed by identification of Babesia parasites on blood smear or Babesia DNA with polymerase chain reaction. Standard treatment consists of atovaquone and azithromycin or clindamycin and quinine for 7 to 10 days.
Topics: Atovaquone; Azithromycin; Babesiosis; Clindamycin; Humans; Quinine
PubMed: 36116841
DOI: 10.1016/j.idc.2022.02.009 -
International Journal For Parasitology Feb 2019Babesiosis is a worldwide emerging tick-borne disease that is increasing in frequency and geographic range. It imposes a significant health burden, especially on those... (Review)
Review
Babesiosis is a worldwide emerging tick-borne disease that is increasing in frequency and geographic range. It imposes a significant health burden, especially on those who are immunocompromised and those who acquire the infection through blood transfusion. Death from babesiosis occurs in up to 20 percent of these groups. Diagnosis is confirmed with identification of typical intraerythrocytic parasites on a thin blood smear or Babesia DNA using PCR. Treatment consists of atovaquone and azithromycin or clindamycin and quinine, and exchange transfusion in severe cases. Personal and communal protective measures can limit the burden of infection but it is important to recognize that none of these measures are likely to prevent the continued expansion of Babesia into non-endemic areas.
Topics: Antiprotozoal Agents; Babesiosis; Communicable Disease Control; Communicable Diseases, Emerging; Cost of Illness; Diagnostic Tests, Routine; Disease Management; Exchange Transfusion, Whole Blood; Global Health; Humans
PubMed: 30690090
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2018.11.007 -
Revue Scientifique Et Technique... Aug 2015Babesiosis is the disease caused by infection of the erythrocytes of mammals by Babesia species, which are Apicomplexa protozoa belonging to the suborder Piroplasmidea... (Review)
Review
Babesiosis is the disease caused by infection of the erythrocytes of mammals by Babesia species, which are Apicomplexa protozoa belonging to the suborder Piroplasmidea and the family Babesiidae. They are different from the Theileriidae, which can also infect white blood cells and endothelial cells. Babesiosis is one of the most important tick-borne infectious diseases of domestic and wild mammals and still poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for veterinary practitioners around the world. It is an increasing problem worldwide because of the expansion of tick habitats and the increased mobility of animals, which promote the spread of parasites into new geographical areas. Babesia species can, exceptionally, infect humans, especially splenectomised or immunocompromised individuals. The majority of human cases involve B. microti, a parasite of rodents, but human infections may also be caused by B. divergens, which infects cattle, or by Babesia related to B. odocoilei, which infect cervids. The majority of new developments, in regard to taxonomy, epidemiology, pathogenesis and control, concern canine babesiosis, whereas piroplasmosis in horses or cattle retains the classical description, therefore the focus of this article will be on infection in dogs.
Topics: Animals; Babesia; Babesiosis; Europe; Humans
PubMed: 26601462
DOI: 10.20506/rst.34.2.2385 -
Workplace Health & Safety Nov 2020Babesiosis is a tick-borne disease that may be deadly under certain conditions. Occupational health nurses should teach workers about the disease and the importance of...
Babesiosis is a tick-borne disease that may be deadly under certain conditions. Occupational health nurses should teach workers about the disease and the importance of prevention strategies.
Topics: Animals; Babesia; Babesiosis; Humans; Ixodes; Occupational Exposure; Occupational Health Nursing; Tick-Borne Diseases
PubMed: 33107412
DOI: 10.1177/2165079920964797 -
The Medical Clinics of North America Mar 2002Babesiosis is an emerging infection caused by protozoal parasites and transmitted by the same tick that transmits Lyme disease. Babesiosis is found throughout the world,... (Review)
Review
Babesiosis is an emerging infection caused by protozoal parasites and transmitted by the same tick that transmits Lyme disease. Babesiosis is found throughout the world, but most cases have been described from the northeastern and northern midwestern United States. Patients experience a flulike illness that usually lasts for 1 or 2 weeks but may require hospital admission. Those at greatest risk of fatal disease include individuals older than age 50 years; asplenic individuals; and immunocompromised individuals as a result of immunosuppressive drugs, malignancy, or HIV infection. Specific diagnosis is made through examination of a Giemsa-stained thin blood smear, DNA amplification using polymerase chain reaction, or detection of specific antibody. Treatment consists of clindamycin and quinine or atovaquone and azithromycin and, in severe cases, exchange transfusion.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Babesia; Babesiosis; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Administration Schedule; Humans
PubMed: 11982307
DOI: 10.1016/s0025-7125(03)00092-0 -
Trends in Parasitology Oct 2022Babesiosis is a tick-borne disease caused by intraerythrocytic Babesia parasites. It is a well-known illness in companion animals and livestock, resulting in substantial... (Review)
Review
Babesiosis is a tick-borne disease caused by intraerythrocytic Babesia parasites. It is a well-known illness in companion animals and livestock, resulting in substantial economic losses in the cattle industry. Babesiosis is also recognized as an emerging zoonosis of humans in many countries worldwide. There is no vaccine against human babesiosis. Currently, preventive measures are focused on vector avoidance. Although not always effective, treatment includes antimicrobial therapy and exchange transfusion. In this review, we discuss the host's immune response to the parasite, vaccines being used to prevent babesiosis in animals, and lessons from malaria vaccine development efforts to inform the development of a human babesiosis vaccine. An effective human vaccine would be a significant advance towards curtailing this rapidly emerging disease.
Topics: Animals; Babesia; Babesiosis; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Feasibility Studies; Humans; Tick-Borne Diseases; Vaccines
PubMed: 35933301
DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2022.07.005 -
Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy Jul 2020Human babesiosis is reported throughout the world and is endemic in the northeastern and northern Midwestern United States and northeastern China. Transmission is... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Human babesiosis is reported throughout the world and is endemic in the northeastern and northern Midwestern United States and northeastern China. Transmission is primarily through hard bodied ticks. Most cases of severe disease occur in immunocompromised individuals and may result in prolonged relapsing disease or death.
AREAS COVERED
We provide a summary of evidence supporting current treatment recommendations for immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals experiencing babesiosis.
EXPERT OPINION
Most cases of human babesiosis are successfully treated with atovaquone and azithromycin or clindamycin and quinine. Severe disease may require prolonged treatment.
Topics: Animals; Antiprotozoal Agents; Babesiosis; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Severity of Illness Index; Tick-Borne Diseases
PubMed: 32268823
DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2020.1752193 -
The Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary... Mar 2009Babesiosis is a tick-borne disease affecting humans and many domestic and wild animals. Domestic animals showing appreciable morbidity and mortality include dogs, cats,... (Review)
Review
Babesiosis is a tick-borne disease affecting humans and many domestic and wild animals. Domestic animals showing appreciable morbidity and mortality include dogs, cats, cattle and horses. Both canine and feline babesiosis are diseases characterised by haemolytic anaemia, icterus and haemoglobinuria. Canine babesiosis can range from chronic or subclinical to peracute and fatal, depending on the virulence of the species and the susceptibility of the host. This paper deals with canine babesiosis with specific reference to pathogenesis, clinical findings, complications, diagnosis and treatment, as well as newly identified prognostic factors in Babesia rossi babesiosis.
Topics: Animals; Antiprotozoal Agents; Arachnid Vectors; Babesia; Babesiosis; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Insecticides; Ixodes; Tick Control
PubMed: 19967929
DOI: No ID Found -
Epidemiologie, Mikrobiologie,... 2023Babesiosis is a less common but important tick-borne infectious disease. Over the last 50 years, an increasing number of cases have been reported worldwide, especially...
Babesiosis is a less common but important tick-borne infectious disease. Over the last 50 years, an increasing number of cases have been reported worldwide, especially in the USA. The northern part of the US is an endemic area where the incidence has risen to 2,000 cases per year in the last decade. Babesia microti, a parasite of small rodents, is the cause of most of these infections in that region. In Europe, 56 autochthonous cases of human babesiosis have been reported since 1957. Most of them were caused by the species Babesia divergens, a parasite of cattle. Since 1992, 13 cases of B. microti infection have been imported from North America into Europe. The disease is serious especially for splenectomised and immunocompromised patients. Although the most important vector of babesiosis in Europe is the tick Ixodes ricinus, infection was transmitted through blood transfusion in number of patients, which can be fatal for immunosuppressed patients. The diagnosis of babesiosis is based on the identification of intraerythrocytic parasites in a blood smear, PCR detection of Babesia DNA, and determination of antibodies by serology and immunofluorescence assays. The disease is treated with antibiotics (azithromycin or clindamycin in a severe course of the disease) and quinine. The increase in human babesiosis is not only due to climate change and tick activity, outdoor leisure activities, and increased human migration, but an important role is also played by improved molecular methods and growing awareness of the disease.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Cattle; Babesiosis; Babesia; Europe
PubMed: 37871992
DOI: No ID Found