Did you mean: bacteroides faeces
-
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy =... Nov 2023Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a severe inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) characterized by multifactorial complex disorders triggered by environmental factors, genetic...
Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Bacteroides faecis and Roseburia intestinalis attenuate clinical symptoms of experimental colitis by regulating Treg/Th17 cell balance and intestinal barrier integrity.
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a severe inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) characterized by multifactorial complex disorders triggered by environmental factors, genetic susceptibility, and also gut microbial dysbiosis. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Bacteroides faecis, and Roseburia intestinalis are underrepresented species in UC patients, leading to the hypothesis that therapeutic application of those bacteria could ameliorate clinical symptoms and disease severity. Acute colitis was induced in mice by 3.5% DSS, and the commensal bacterial species were administered by oral gavage simultaneously with DSS treatment for up to 7 days. The signs of colonic inflammation, the intestinal barrier integrity, the proportion of regulatory T cells (Tregs), and the expression of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were quantified. The concentrations of SCFAs in feces were measured using Gas-liquid chromatography. The gut microbiome was analyzed in all treatment groups at the endpoint of the experiment. Results were benchmarked against a contemporary mesalazine treatment regime. We show that commensal species alone and in combination reduced disease activity index scores, inhibited colon shortening, strengthened the colonic epithelial barrier, and positively modulated tight junction protein expression. The expression level of pro-inflammatory cytokines was significantly reduced. Immune modulation occurred via inhibition of the loss of CD4 +CD25 +Treg cells in the spleen. Our study proofed that therapeutic application of F. prausnitzii, B. faecis, and R. intestinalis significantly ameliorated DSS-induced colitis at the level of clinical symptoms, histological inflammation, and immune status. Our data suggest that these positive effects are mediated by immune-modulatory pathways and influence on Treg/Th17 balance.
Topics: Humans; Mice; Animals; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory; Faecalibacterium prausnitzii; Th17 Cells; Colitis; Colitis, Ulcerative; Colon; Cytokines; Bacteria; Inflammation; Dextran Sulfate; Disease Models, Animal; Mice, Inbred C57BL
PubMed: 37793274
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115568 -
Brain, Behavior, and Immunity Oct 2023The correlation between human gut microbiota and psychiatric diseases has long been recognized. Based on the heritability of the microbiome, genome-wide association... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The correlation between human gut microbiota and psychiatric diseases has long been recognized. Based on the heritability of the microbiome, genome-wide association studies on human genome and gut microbiome (mbGWAS) have revealed important host-microbiome interactions. However, establishing causal relationships between specific gut microbiome features and psychological conditions remains challenging due to insufficient sample sizes of previous studies of mbGWAS.
METHODS
Cross-cohort meta-analysis (via METAL) and multi-trait analysis (via MTAG) were used to enhance the statistical power of mbGWAS for identifying genetic variants and genes. Using two large mbGWAS studies (7,738 and 5,959 participants respectively) and12 disease-specific studies from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC), we performed bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) analyses between microbial features and psychiatric diseases (up to 500,199 individuals). Additionally, we conducted downstream gene- and gene-set-based analyses to investigate the shared biology linking gut microbiota and psychiatric diseases.
RESULTS
METAL and MTAG conducted in mbGWAS could boost power for gene prioritization and MR analysis. Increases in the number of lead SNPs and mapped genes were witnessed in 13/15 species and 5/10 genera after using METAL, and MTAG analysis gained an increase in sample size equivalent to expanding the original samples from 7% to 63%. Following METAL use, we identified a positive association between Bacteroides faecis and ADHD (OR, 1.09; 95 %CI, 1.02-1.16; P = 0.008). Bacteroides eggerthii and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron were observed to be positively associated with PTSD (OR, 1.11; 95 %CI, 1.03-1.20; P = 0.007; OR, 1.11; 95 %CI, 1.01-1.23; P = 0.03). These findings remained stable across statistical models and sensitivity analyses. No genetic liabilities to psychiatric diseases may alter the abundance of gut microorganisms.Using biological annotation, we identified that those genes contributing to microbiomes (e.g., GRIN2A and RBFOX1) are expressed and enriched in human brain tissues.
CONCLUSIONS
Our statistical genetics strategy helps to enhance the power of mbGWAS, and our genetic findings offer new insights into biological pleiotropy and causal relationship between microbiota and psychiatric diseases.
Topics: Humans; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Genome-Wide Association Study; Mendelian Randomization Analysis; Microbiota; Mental Disorders
PubMed: 37557965
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.08.003 -
Yonsei Medical Journal Jan 2015We report three cases of recently named Bacteroides spp. isolates, two B. faecis isolates and one B. intestinalis isolate from clinical specimens of inpatients at a...
We report three cases of recently named Bacteroides spp. isolates, two B. faecis isolates and one B. intestinalis isolate from clinical specimens of inpatients at a Korean tertiary-care hospital in 2011. All isolates were susceptible to piperacillin-tazobactam, imipenem, meropenem, chloramphenicol, and metronidazole.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteroides; Female; Humans; Intestines; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged
PubMed: 25510777
DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2015.56.1.292 -
Journal of Bacteriology Dec 2011Despite the ecological importance of the dominant gut bacteria Bacteroides, few genomes have been defined. The Gram-negative, strictly anaerobic intestinal bacterium...
Despite the ecological importance of the dominant gut bacteria Bacteroides, few genomes have been defined. The Gram-negative, strictly anaerobic intestinal bacterium Bacteroides faecis MAJ27(T) was isolated from the feces of a healthy adult. Here, the draft genome sequence of the type strain B. faecis MAJ27 (6.11 Mbp) is reported.
Topics: Bacteroides; Base Sequence; Feces; Genome, Bacterial; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data
PubMed: 22072652
DOI: 10.1128/JB.06210-11 -
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2021Multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria are increasingly observed in nosocomial and community-acquired settings. Anaerobes are no exception to this rule, but there are fewer...
Multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria are increasingly observed in nosocomial and community-acquired settings. Anaerobes are no exception to this rule, but there are fewer reports of MDR in the scientific literature on anaerobes than there are for other bacteria. In this short case report, we describe the first case of bacteraemia caused by a multidrug-resistant , which produces a carbapenemase encoded by the gene. This bacteraemia followed a digestive surgery operation. Surprisingly, these findings did not lead to a change in antibiotic therapy, probably because the patient's clinical state had improved. Nevertheless this report calls for better knowledge of anaerobic bacteria and for a systematic antimicrobial stewardship procedure following bacteraemia.
PubMed: 33808699
DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10030319 -
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Jun 2020Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is essential for defense of the intestinal mucosa against harmful pathogens. Previous studies have shown that , the major phylum of gut microbiota...
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is essential for defense of the intestinal mucosa against harmful pathogens. Previous studies have shown that , the major phylum of gut microbiota together with , impact IgA production. However, the relative abundances of species of responsible for IgA production were not well understood. In the present study, we identified some specific species that were associated with gut IgA induction by -based profiling of species distribution among The levels of IgA and the expression of the gene encoding activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) in the large intestine lamina propria, which is crucial for class switch recombination from IgM to IgA, were increased in soluble high-fiber diet (sHFD)-fed mice. We found that was the most abundant species in both sHFD- and normal diet-fed mice. In addition, the gut IgA levels were associated with the relative abundance of group species such as , , and Conversely, the ratio of to other species was reduced in insoluble high-fiber diet fed- and no-fiber diet-fed mice. To investigate whether increases IgA production, we generated monoassociated mice and found increased gut IgA production and AID expression. Collectively, soluble dietary fiber increases the ratio of gut group, such as , and IgA production. This might improve gut immune function, thereby protecting against bowel pathogens and reducing the incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is essential for defense of the intestinal mucosa against harmful pathogens. Gut microbiota impact IgA production, but the specific species responsible for IgA production remain largely elusive. Previous studies have shown that IgA and , the major phyla of gut microbiota, were increased in soluble high-fiber diet-fed mice. We show here that the levels of IgA in the gut and the expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) in the large intestine lamina propria, which is crucial for class switch recombination from IgM to IgA, were correlated with the abundance of group species such as , , and monoassociated mice increased gut IgA production and AID expression. Soluble dietary fiber may improve gut immune function, thereby protecting against bowel pathogens and reducing inflammatory bowel diseases.
Topics: Animals; Bacteroides fragilis; Chaperonin 60; Dietary Fiber; Female; Gene Expression Profiling; Immunoglobulin A; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mitochondrial Proteins
PubMed: 32332136
DOI: 10.1128/AEM.00405-20 -
Nutrients Jul 2020Alterations in the gut microbiota composition play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) as specific commensal bacterial species are...
Alterations in the gut microbiota composition play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) as specific commensal bacterial species are underrepresented in the microbiota of IBD patients. In this study, we examined the therapeutic potential of three commensal bacterial species, (), () and () in an in vitro model of intestinal inflammation, by using differentiated Caco-2 and HT29-MTX cells, stimulated with a pro-inflammatory cocktail consisting of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), interferon-γ (IFNγ), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Results obtained in this work demonstrated that all three bacterial species are able to recover the impairment of the epithelial barrier function induced by the inflammatory stimulus, as determined by an amelioration of the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and the paracellular permeability of the cell monolayer. Moreover, inflammatory stimulus increased claudin-2 expression and decreased occludin expression were improved in the cells treated with commensal bacteria. Furthermore, the commensals were able to counteract the increased release of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) induced by the inflammatory stimulus. These findings indicated that , and improve the epithelial barrier integrity and limit inflammatory responses.
Topics: Bacteroides; Caco-2 Cells; Chemokine CCL2; Claudin-2; Clostridiales; Electric Impedance; Epithelial Cells; Faecalibacterium prausnitzii; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; HT29 Cells; Humans; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-8; Intestinal Mucosa; Lipopolysaccharides; Occludin; Permeability; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
PubMed: 32731411
DOI: 10.3390/nu12082251 -
Brazilian Journal of Biology = Revista... 2021The study was aimed to assess impact of high fat diet (HFD) and synthetic human gut microbiota (GM) combined with HFD and chow diet (CD) in inducing type-2 diabetes...
The study was aimed to assess impact of high fat diet (HFD) and synthetic human gut microbiota (GM) combined with HFD and chow diet (CD) in inducing type-2 diabetes (T2D) using mice model. To our knowledge, this is the first study using selected human GM transplantation via culture based method coupled dietary modulation in mice for in vivo establishment of inflammation leading to T2D and gut dysbiosis. Twenty bacteria (T2D1-T2D20) from stool samples of confirmed T2D subjects were found to be morphologically different and subjected to purification on different media both aerobically and anerobically, which revealed seven bacteria more common among 20 isolates on the basis of biochemical characterization. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing, these seven isolates were identified as Bacteroides stercoris (MT152636), Lactobacillus acidophilus (MT152637), Lactobacillus salivarius (MT152638), Ruminococcus bromii (MT152639), Klebsiella aerogenes (MT152640), Bacteroides fragilis (MT152909), Clostridium botulinum (MT152910). The seven isolates were subsequently used as synthetic gut microbiome (GM) for their role in inducing T2D in mice. Inbred strains of albino mice were divided into four groups and were fed with CD, HFD, GM+HFD and GM+CD. Mice receiving HFD and GM+modified diet (CD/HFD) showed highly significant (P<0.05) increase in weight and blood glucose concentration as well as elevated level of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and MCP-1) compared to mice receiving CD only. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing of 11 fecal bacteria obtained from three randomly selected animals from each group revealed gut dysbiosis in animals receiving GM. Bacterial strains including Bacteroides gallinarum (MT152630), Ruminococcus bromii (MT152631), Lactobacillus acidophilus (MT152632), Parabacteroides gordonii (MT152633), Prevotella copri (MT152634) and Lactobacillus gasseri (MT152635) were isolated from mice treated with GM+modified diet (HFD/CD) compared to strains Akkermansia muciniphila (MT152625), Bacteriodes sp. (MT152626), Bacteroides faecis (MT152627), Bacteroides vulgatus (MT152628), Lactobacillus plantarum (MT152629) which were isolated from mice receiving CD/HFD. In conclusion, these findings suggest that constitution of GM and diet plays significant role in inflammation leading to onset or/and possibly progression of T2D. .
Topics: Animals; Bacteroides; Bacteroidetes; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diet, High-Fat; Dysbiosis; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Inflammation; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Prevotella; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Ruminococcus
PubMed: 34378656
DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.242818 -
Journal of Cellular and Molecular... Apr 2024Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of leading causes of vision loss in adults with increasing prevalence worldwide. Increasing evidence has emphasized the importance of...
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of leading causes of vision loss in adults with increasing prevalence worldwide. Increasing evidence has emphasized the importance of gut microbiome in the aetiology and development of DR. However, the causal relationship between gut microbes and DR remains largely unknown. To investigate the causal associations of DR with gut microbes and DR risk factors, we employed two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) analyses to estimate the causal effects of 207 gut microbes on DR outcomes. Inputs for MR included Genome-wide Association Study (GWAS) summary statistics of 207 taxa of gut microbes (the Dutch Microbiome Project) and 21 risk factors for DR. The GWAS summary statistics data of DR was from the FinnGen Research Project. Data analysis was performed in May 2023. We identified eight bacterial taxa that exhibited significant causal associations with DR (FDR < 0.05). Among them, genus Collinsella and species Collinsella aerofaciens were associated with increased risk of DR, while the species Bacteroides faecis, Burkholderiales bacterium_1_1_47, Ruminococcus torques, Streptococcus salivarius, genus Burkholderiales_noname and family Burkholderiales_noname showed protective effects against DR. Notably, we found that the causal effect of species Streptococcus salivarius on DR was mediated through the level of host fasting glucose, a well-established risk factor for DR. Our results reveal that specific gut microbes may be causally linked to DR via mediating host metabolic risk factors, highlighting potential novel therapeutic or preventive targets for DR.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Mendelian Randomization Analysis; Streptococcus salivarius; Diabetic Retinopathy; Genome-Wide Association Study; Fasting; Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus
PubMed: 38506069
DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18200 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2020Several studies based on 16SrDNA analysis have revealed certain unique characteristics of gut microbiome in centenarians. We established a prospective cohort of fecal...
Several studies based on 16SrDNA analysis have revealed certain unique characteristics of gut microbiome in centenarians. We established a prospective cohort of fecal microbiota and conducted the first metagenomics-based study among centenarians. The objective was to explore the dynamic changes of gut microbiota in healthy centenarians and centenarians approaching end of life and to unravel the characteristics of aging-associated microbiome. Seventy-five healthy centenarians residing in three regions of Hainan participated in follow-up surveys and collection of fecal samples at intervals of 3 months. Data pertaining to dietary status, health status scores, cause of disease and death, and fecal specimens were collected for 15 months. Twenty participants died within 20 months during the follow-up period. The median survival time was 8-9 months (range, 1-17) and the mortality rate was 14.7% per year. The health status scores before death were significantly lower than those at 3 months before the end of the follow-up period [median score: 3 (range, 1-5), < 0.05]. At this time, the participants mainly exhibited symptoms of anorexia and reduced dietary intake and physical activity. Metagenomics sequencing and analysis were carried out to characterize the gut microbiota changes in the centenarians during their transition from healthy status to death. Anosim analysis showed a significant change in gut microbiota from 7 months prior to death ( = 0.10, = 0.02). All participants were grouped with 7 months before death as cut-off; no significant difference in α diversity was found between the two groups ( = 0.45). Semi-supervised monitoring and log rank sum analysis revealed significant changes in the abundance of ten bacterial species before death; of these, eight species were significantly reduced (, , , , , , , and ) while two were significantly increased before death ( and ). Compared to centenarians in northern Italy, Hainan centenarians exhibited unique characteristics of gut microbiome. The abundance of ten bacterial species showed significant changes starting from 7 months before death. We speculate that these changes might occur before the clinical symptoms of deterioration in health status.
PubMed: 32714309
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01474