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Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia 2019Bartonellosis are diseases caused by any kind of Bartonella species. The infection manifests as asymptomatic bacteremia to potentially fatal disorders. Many species are... (Review)
Review
Bartonellosis are diseases caused by any kind of Bartonella species. The infection manifests as asymptomatic bacteremia to potentially fatal disorders. Many species are pathogenic to humans, but three are responsible for most clinical symptoms: Bartonella bacilliformis, Bartonella quintana, and Bartonella henselae. Peruvian wart, caused by B. bacilliformis, may be indistinguishable from bacillary angiomatosis caused by the other two species. Other cutaneous manifestations include maculo-papular rash in trench fever, papules or nodules in cat scratch disease, and vasculitis (often associated with endocarditis). In addition, febrile morbilliform rash, purpura, urticaria, erythema nodosum, erythema multiforme, erythema marginatus, granuloma annularis, leukocytoclastic vasculitis, granulomatous reactions, and angioproliferative reactions may occur. Considering the broad spectrum of infection and the potential complications associated with Bartonella spp., the infection should be considered by physicians more frequently among the differential diagnoses of idiopathic conditions. Health professionals and researchers often neglected this diseases.
Topics: Bartonella; Bartonella Infections; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Skin Diseases, Bacterial; Transfusion Reaction
PubMed: 31780437
DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2019.09.024 -
PloS One 2020During the two World Wars, Bartonella quintana was responsible for trench fever and is now recognised as an agent of re-emerging infection. Many reports have indicated...
During the two World Wars, Bartonella quintana was responsible for trench fever and is now recognised as an agent of re-emerging infection. Many reports have indicated widespread B. quintana exposure since the 1990s. In order to evaluate its prevalence in ancient populations, we used real-time PCR to detect B. quintana DNA in 400 teeth collected from 145 individuals dating from the 1st to 19th centuries in nine archaeological sites, with the presence of negative controls. Fisher's exact test was used to compare the prevalence of B. quintana in civil and military populations. B. quintana DNA was confirmed in a total of 28/145 (19.3%) individuals, comprising 78 citizens and 67 soldiers, 20.1% and 17.9% of which were positive for B. quintana bacteraemia, respectively. This study analysed previous studies on these ancient samples and showed that the presence of B. quintana infection followed the course of time in human history; a total of 14/15 sites from five European countries had a positive prevalence. The positive rate in soldiers was higher than those of civilians, with 20% and 18.8%, respectively, in the 18th and 19th centuries, but the difference in frequency was not significant. These results confirmed the role of dental pulp in diagnosing B. quintana bacteraemia in ancient populations and showed the incidence of B. quintana in both civilians and soldiers.
Topics: Bacteremia; Bartonella quintana; DNA, Bacterial; Dental Pulp; Europe; Fossils; Humans; Military Personnel; Paleodontology; Prevalence; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Tooth; Trench Fever
PubMed: 33147255
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239526 -
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association... Feb 2021
PubMed: 33619074
DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.201170-f -
Infectious Diseases in Clinical... Sep 2016Among culture-negative endocarditis in the United States, species are the most common cause, with and comprising the majority of cases. Kidney manifestations,... (Review)
Review
Among culture-negative endocarditis in the United States, species are the most common cause, with and comprising the majority of cases. Kidney manifestations, particularly glomerulonephritis, are common sequelae of infectious endocarditis, with nearly half of all patients demonstrating renal involvement. Although a pauci-immune pattern is a frequent finding in infectious endocarditis-associated glomerulonephritis, it is rarely reported in endocarditis. Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) positivity can be seen with many pathogens causing endocarditis and has been previously reported with species. In addition, ANCA-associated vasculitis can also present with renal and cardiac involvement, including noninfectious valvular vegetations and pauci-immune glomerulonephritis. Given the overlap in their clinical presentation, it is difficult to differentiate between endocarditis and ANCA-associated vasculitis but imperative to do so to guide management decisions. We present a case of ANCA-positive endocarditis with associated pauci-immune glomerulonephritis that was successfully treated with medical management alone.
PubMed: 27885316
DOI: 10.1097/IPC.0000000000000384 -
Revista Medica de Chile Jul 2012Bacillary angiomatosis is an unusual infectious disease, with angioproliferative lesions, typical of immunocompromised patients. It is caused by Bartonella quintana and...
Bacillary angiomatosis is an unusual infectious disease, with angioproliferative lesions, typical of immunocompromised patients. It is caused by Bartonella quintana and Bartonella henselae, two infectious agents of the genus Bartonella, which trigger variable clinical manifestations, including cutaneous vascular and purpuric lesions, and regional lymphadenopathy, and even a systemic disease with visceral involvement. We report a 38-year-old HIV positive male presenting with a history of six months of cutaneous growing purple angiomatous lesions, located also in nasal fossae, rhi-nopharynx and larynx. The skin biopsy was compatible with bacillary angiomatosis. Polymerase chain reaction of a tissue sample showed homology with B. quintana strain Toulouse. The patient was treated with azithromycin and ciprofloxacin with a favorable evolution.
Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Adult; Angiomatosis, Bacillary; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Azithromycin; Bartonella quintana; Biopsy; Ciprofloxacin; Humans; Male
PubMed: 23282705
DOI: 10.4067/S0034-98872012000700013 -
Emerging Infectious Diseases Feb 2006Bartonella quintana, a pathogen that is restricted to human hosts and louse vectors, was first characterized as the agent of trench fever. The disease was described in... (Review)
Review
Bartonella quintana, a pathogen that is restricted to human hosts and louse vectors, was first characterized as the agent of trench fever. The disease was described in 1915 on the basis of natural and experimental infections in soldiers. It is now recognized as a reemerging pathogen among homeless populations in cities in the United States and Europe and is responsible for a wide spectrum of conditions, including chronic bacteremia, endocarditis, and bacillary angiomatosis. Diagnosis is based on serologic analysis, culture, and molecular biology. Recent characterization of its genome allowed the development of modern diagnosis and typing methods. Guidelines for the treatment of B. quintana infections are presented.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Bartonella quintana; Communicable Diseases, Emerging; Female; Humans; Pediculus; Trench Fever
PubMed: 16494745
DOI: 10.3201/eid1202.050874 -
CMAJ Open 2022are gram-negative bacilli not identified by routine bacterial culture. The objectives of this study were to review the results of all serologic testing for ordered in... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
are gram-negative bacilli not identified by routine bacterial culture. The objectives of this study were to review the results of all serologic testing for ordered in Manitoba, Canada, and to review cases with positive test results among adults to assess species identification, risk factors, clinical manifestations and outcomes.
METHODS
This retrospective study included all serologic tests ordered in Manitoba and performed at the National Microbiology Laboratory, Winnipeg, from Jan. 1, 2010, until Dec. 31, 2020. We analyzed the aggregate data for all serologic tests for for patients of all ages. We reviewed the charts of adult (age ≥ 18 yr) patients with serologic positivity for who had a medical chart at 1 of Winnipeg's 2 largest hospitals (Health Sciences Centre and St. Boniface Hospital) to extract clinical and demographic data and create a case series. Descriptive statistics were performed.
RESULTS
During the study period, 1014 serologic tests were ordered in adult and pediatric patients, of which 24 (2.4%) gave a positive result. Sixteen adults (12 men and 4 women; mean age 48 yr) seen at a participating hospital had a positive result. Molecular species-level identification occurred on explanted cardiac valves in 5 (31%) of the 16 cases; was identified in all 5. Six patients (38%) were diagnosed with probable infection, for a total of 11 cases (69%); 8 (73%) of the 11 had endocarditis. Four cases of infection (36%) were associated with rural residence. Four cases (25%) of probable were identified; 2 patients had fever and lymphadenopathy, and 2 had endocarditis. The remaining patient was deemed to have a false-positive result as his titre was at the threshold for positivity, his serologic test gave a negative result, and his clinical syndrome was not suggestive of infection. Two patients died; both had multivalvular endocarditis with ruptured intracranial mycotic aneurysms.
INTERPRETATION
was a common cause of serologic positivity among adults in Manitoba in 2010-2020 and was associated with endocarditis and systemic embolization. As is transmitted by body lice, active case finding for people who lack suitable housing, both in urban and rural settings, should prioritize those with elevated titres to receive echocardiography and detect endocarditis before systemic embolization occurs.
Topics: Adult; Bartonella; Canada; Child; Endocarditis; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Female; Humans; Male; Manitoba; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 35640989
DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20210180