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Frontiers in Plant Science 2022Reconstructing the development of sporangia in seed-free vascular plants provides crucial information about key processes enabling the production of spores that are...
Reconstructing the development of sporangia in seed-free vascular plants provides crucial information about key processes enabling the production of spores that are important in the life cycle of these plants. By applying fluorescence imaging in intact tissues using dyes and confocal microscopy, this study aimed to reconstruct the key steps during the development of sporangia. Special emphasis was taken on the cell wall structures of tapetum and spore mother cells that have been challenged by microscopical documentation in the past. After staining the cell wall and cytoplasm using calcofluor white and basic fuchsin, the sporangium development of was observed using confocal microscopy. The clear cell lineages from the sporangial initial cell to stalk, epidermis, inner tapetum, outer tapetum, and sporogenous cells were revealed by confocal imaging. The sporangium development improved in this work will be useful for a general understanding of fern spore formation.
PubMed: 35574127
DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.878693 -
Journal of Oral Biology and... 2022The aim of this study was to compare the microleakage of three types of light cure orthodontic band cement (Resilience, Band-it and Transbond Plus) and to compare low...
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to compare the microleakage of three types of light cure orthodontic band cement (Resilience, Band-it and Transbond Plus) and to compare low and high curing light intensities at the enamel-cement and band-cement interfaces in the gingival and occlusal margins.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Sixty extracted human premolars were divided into six groups (n = 10 specimens) according to the type of cement used and intensity of light cure. Microetched bands of upper premolars cemented to the teeth by Transbond Plus (3 M Unitek), Resilience (Orthotechnology) and Band-it (db Orthodontics). Three groups were cured by a standard mode light cure (over 900 mw/cm) for 20 s, and the other three groups were cured with an extra mode light cure (over 2700 mw/cm) for 6 s. The teeth were sealed by nail varnish and immersed for 24 h in 0.5% basic fuchsin solution. After that, the teeth were sectioned in the buccoligual direction, observed under a stereomicroscope, and then recorded for microleakage at the enamel-cement and band-cement interfaces in the gingival and occlusal margins. The statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests, and the level of significance was set at P < 0.05.
RESULT
The microleakage scores showed no significant differences at the enamel-cement and band-cement interfaces among the three types of orthodontic band cement subjected to low- and high-intensity curing light.
CONCLUSIONS
The type of cement and intensity of light cure did not affect the amount of microleakage at either interface.
PubMed: 35514676
DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2022.04.004 -
Scientific Reports Apr 2023Most dye stuffs and coloring materials are mainly categorized as hazardous pollutants in water effluents due to their nature as non-biodegradable, highly toxic and...
Most dye stuffs and coloring materials are mainly categorized as hazardous pollutants in water effluents due to their nature as non-biodegradable, highly toxic and extremely carcinogenic. For this reason, rapid and efficient eradication of waste dyes from wastewaters before discharging into water streams must be accomplished by an acceptable approach as adsorption technique. Therefore, the present study is aimed and devoted to synthesize a novel nanobiosorbent from three different constituents, gelatin (Gel) as a sustainable natural product, graphene oxide (GO) as an example of highly stable carbonaceous material and zirconium silicate (ZrSiO) as an example of combined metal oxides for the formation of Gel@GO-F-ZrSiO@Gel by using formaldehyde (F) as a cross-linkage reagent. Several characterization techniques as FT-IR were employed to identify the incorporated surface reactive Functionalities in Gel@GO-F-ZrSiO@Gel as -OH, =NH, -NH, -COOH and C=O, etc. The morphology for particle shape and size of Gel@GO-F-ZrSiO@Gel were confirmed from the SEM and TEM analyses providing 15.75- 32.79 nm. The surface area was determined by the BET and found to correspond to 219.46 m g. Biosorptive removal of basic fuchsin (BF) pollutant as an example of a widely applicable dye in various activities was monitored and optimized under the influence of pH (2-10), reaction time (1-30 min), initial BF pollutant concentration (5-100 mg L), nanobiosorbent dosage (5-60 mg), temperature (30-60 °C) and interfering ions. The maximum biosorptive removal values of BF dye were established as 96.0 and 95.2% using 5 and 10 mg L, respectively at the recommended pH 7 condition. The Thermodynamic parameters demonstrated that the BF dye adsorption onto Gel@GO-F-ZrSiO@Gel was taken place via spontaneous and endothermic reaction. Chemisorption is the predominant adsorption mechanism by forming multilayers upon nonhomogeneous surface in accordance with Freundlich model hypothesis. The applicability of the optimized Gel@GO-F-ZrSiO@Gel in biosorptive removal of BF pollutant from real water sample was successfully accomplished by the batch technique. Thus, this study clearly shows that Gel@GO-F-ZrSiO@Gel exhibited significant influences on remediation of industrial effluents containing BF pollutant with superior efficiency.
PubMed: 37005421
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31584-x -
Ultrasonics Sonochemistry Jul 2021MgTiO (magnesium dititanate) nanoparticles were prepared by a simple hydrothermal assisted post-annealing method and characterized with various analytical techniques....
MgTiO (magnesium dititanate) nanoparticles were prepared by a simple hydrothermal assisted post-annealing method and characterized with various analytical techniques. The catalytic properties (sonocatalytic, photocatalytic and sonophotocatalytic activity) were evaluated using the degradation of triphenylmethane dyes (crystal violet, basic fuchsin, and acid fuchsin). The sonophotocatalytic activity of MgTiO nanoparticles towards crystal violet was found to be ~2.9 times higher than the photocatalytic activity and ~20 times higher than that of the sonocatalytic processes. In addition, the sonophotocatalytic efficiency of MgTiO nanoparticles was found to be remarkable for the degradation of basic fuchsin (cationic dye) and acid fuchsin (anionic dye). The mechanism of these catalytic activities has been discussed in detail.
PubMed: 34087757
DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105585 -
BMC Oral Health Jan 2023Most patients with insufficient bone mass suffer from severe horizontal or vertical bone defects in oral implant surgery. The purpose of this study was to compare the...
BACKGROUND
Most patients with insufficient bone mass suffer from severe horizontal or vertical bone defects in oral implant surgery. The purpose of this study was to compare the bone regeneration effects of titanium meshes with different porosity in the treatment of bone defects.
METHODS
Nine beagle dogs were equally divided into three groups based on execution time. Three months after the extraction of the first to fourth premolars of the mandible, three bone defects were randomly made in the mandible. Bone particles and three kinds of three-dimensional (3D) printed titanium nets with different porosities (low porosity group (LP), 55%; medium porosity group (MP), 62%; and high porosity group (HP), 68%) were replanted in situ. The beagles were killed 4, 8, and 12 weeks after surgery. Formalin-fixed specimens were embedded in acrylic resin. The specimens were stained with micro-CT, basic fuchsin staining, and toluidine blue staining.
RESULTS
Micro-CT analysis showed that the trabecular thickness, trabecular number, and bone volume fraction of the HP group were higher than those of the other two groups. Moreover, the trabecular separation of the HP group decreased slightly and was lower than that of the MP and LP groups. Histological staining analysis showed that the trabecular number in the HP group was higher than in the other two groups at 8 and 12 weeks, and the bone volume fraction of the HP was higher than that in the other two groups at 12 weeks. Moreover, the trabecular thickness of the MP was higher than that of the LP group at 12 weeks and the trabecular separation was lower in the HP group at 4 and 8 weeks. The differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
A 3D printed titanium mesh with HP in a certain range may have more advantages than a titanium mesh with LP in repairing large bone defects.
Topics: Dogs; Animals; Porosity; Titanium; Dental Implants; Surgical Mesh; Bone Regeneration; Printing, Three-Dimensional
PubMed: 36604677
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02717-5 -
Dento Maxillo Facial Radiology May 2022The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of 1.5 T and 3 T MRI on the adhesion between the orthodontic brackets and the teeth by evaluating the...
OBJECTIVES
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of 1.5 T and 3 T MRI on the adhesion between the orthodontic brackets and the teeth by evaluating the microleakage between the enamel, adhesive and brackets interfaces.
METHODS
58 extracted human premolars which were received a standard bracket bonding procedure were randomly divided into three groups; control group ( = 20; no MRI), 1.5 T MRI group ( = 19; 20 min MRI exposure of 1.5 T) and 3 T MRI group ( = 19; 20 min MRI exposure of 3 T). The teeth were kept in distiled water for 2 weeks, and thereafter subjected to 500 thermal cycles. Then, specimens were sealed with nail varnish, stained with 0.5% basic fuchsin for 24 h, sectioned and photographed under a stereomicroscope. Microleakage was scored with regard to the adhesive-enamel and bracket-adhesive interfaces at the occlusal and gingival levels. Statistical analysis was accomplished by Kruskal-Wallis and Bonferroni-Dunn tests.
RESULTS
All of the groups exhibited statistically similar microleakage scores in the adhesive-enamel interface along occlusal margins (>0.05, = 0.331). The mean microleakage scores along gingival margins in the 3 T MRI group was significantly higher compared to the control group both in the adhesive-enamel and bracket-adhesive interfaces (<0.05, = 0.019 and = 0.020 respectively). The microleakage scores along the gingival margins were also significantly higher than the occlusal margins in the 3 T MRI group (<0.05, = 0.029).
CONCLUSIONS
3 T MRI may weaken the adhesion between the enamel and the stainless steel orthodontic brackets.
Topics: Composite Resins; Dental Bonding; Dental Leakage; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Materials Testing; Orthodontic Brackets; Resin Cements
PubMed: 35113678
DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20210512 -
Development (Cambridge, England) Dec 2021Hydrophobic cell wall depositions in roots play a key role in plant development and interaction with the soil environment, as they generate barriers that regulate...
Hydrophobic cell wall depositions in roots play a key role in plant development and interaction with the soil environment, as they generate barriers that regulate bidirectional nutrient flux. Techniques to label the respective polymers are emerging, but are efficient only in thin roots or sections. Moreover, simultaneous imaging of the barrier constituents lignin and suberin remains problematic owing to their similar chemical compositions. Here, we describe a staining method compatible with single- and multiphoton confocal microscopy that allows for concurrent visualization of primary cell walls and distinct secondary depositions in one workflow. This protocol permits efficient separation of suberin- and lignin-specific signals with high resolution, enabling precise dissection of barrier constituents. Our approach is compatible with imaging of fluorescent proteins, and can thus complement genetic markers or aid the dissection of barriers in biotic root interactions. We further demonstrate applicability in deep root tissues of plant models and crops across phylogenetic lineages. Our optimized toolset will significantly advance our understanding of root barrier dynamics and function, and of their role in plant interactions with the rhizospheric environment.
Topics: Cell Wall; Phylogeny; Plant Roots; Rhizosphere; Species Specificity
PubMed: 34878124
DOI: 10.1242/dev.199820 -
International Journal of Molecular... Aug 2022In view of the water pollution issues caused by pathogenic microorganisms and harmful organic contaminants, nontoxic, environmentally friendly, and efficient...
In view of the water pollution issues caused by pathogenic microorganisms and harmful organic contaminants, nontoxic, environmentally friendly, and efficient antimicrobial agents are urgently required. Herein, a nickel-based Keggin polyoxomolybdate [Ni(L)(HL)]H[PMoO] 4HO (, HL = 2-acetylpyrazine thiosemicarbazone) was prepared via a facile hydrothermal method and successfully characterized. Compound exhibited high stability in a wide range of pH values from 4 to 10. demonstrated significant antibacterial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values in the range of 0.0019-0.2400 µg/mL against four types of bacteria, including (), (), (), and (). Further time-kill studies indicated that killed almost all (99.9%) of and Meanwhile, the possible antibacterial mechanism was explored, and the results indicate that the antibacterial properties of originate from the synergistic effect between [Ni(L)(HL)] and [PMoO]. In addition, presented effective adsorption of basic fuchsin (BF) dyes. The kinetic data fitted a pseudo-second-order kinetic model well, and the maximum adsorption efficiency for the BF dyes (29.81 mg/g) was determined by the data fit of the Freundlich isotherm model. The results show that BF adsorption was dominated by both chemical adsorption and multilayer adsorption. This work provides evidence that has potential to effectively remove dyes and pathogenic bacteria from wastewater.
Topics: Adsorption; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Coloring Agents; Escherichia coli; Nickel; Rosaniline Dyes; Staphylococcus aureus; Water Purification
PubMed: 36077048
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179651 -
RSC Advances May 2020The presence of dyes in a water system has potential adverse effects on the ecological environment. The conventional cyclodextrin (CD) polymer only has CD cavities as...
The presence of dyes in a water system has potential adverse effects on the ecological environment. The conventional cyclodextrin (CD) polymer only has CD cavities as adsorption sites and exhibits slow adsorption for dye removal. In this study, we designed a novel carboxymethyl β-CD polymer (β-CDP-COOH). The structural properties of β-CDP-COOH were characterized as an irregular cross-linked polymer with negative surface charge, and the introduction of carboxymethyl groups greatly enhanced the adsorption ability of the β-CD polymer to basic fuchsin (BF). The maximum removal efficiency of β-CDP-COOH (96%) could be achieved within 1 min, whereas that of conventional β-CD polymer (70%) was achieved after 50 min. The adsorption mechanism revealed that the adsorption behavior of β-CDP-COOH could be effectively fitted with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm. Both CD cavities and carboxymethyl groups were effective adsorption sites, so β-CDP-COOH had an advantage in adsorption capacity over the conventional β-CD polymer. This study indicated that β-CDP-COOH is a potential highly efficient adsorbent for the removal of cationic dye contaminants.
PubMed: 35517770
DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10797e