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Anais Da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 2024Glicophyllum is well supported, presenting four homoplasies, easily differentiated from the other genera of the clade due to characteristics related to the reproductive...
Glicophyllum is well supported, presenting four homoplasies, easily differentiated from the other genera of the clade due to characteristics related to the reproductive organs, which can make the identification of their species difficult when they are not in the reproductive phase. Therefore, there are provided the leaf anatomical and morphological description of the leaf glands of seven species of Glicophyllum to assist in the identification of their species. The samples for the study were obtained from several national and international herbaria, sectioned freehand, stained with basic fuchsin - astra blue and compared through a binary matrix using the Sorensen's coefficient in the MVSP software. Among the leaf anatomical characters found, the following stand out: presence/absence of trichomes; petiole contour; contour of the main vein; organization of the mesophyll, presence/absence of bundle sheath extension and the surface of the glands. In this study, an identification key with leaf anatomical data is presented for the first time, demonstrating the applicability of leaf anatomy for the taxonomy of Glicophyllum. In the multivariate analysis, it is observed that the characteristics of leaf venation and topology of the glands are more representative to differentiate the taxa. Therefore, the data obtained can support future taxonomic and phylogenetic studies of the genus.
Topics: Plant Leaves; Brazil; Malpighiaceae; Species Specificity
PubMed: 38747833
DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202420230207 -
Nanoscale Advances Mar 2024Water pollution is a growing concern for mankind due to its harmful effects on humans, animals and plants. Usually, several pollutants are present in wastewater. For...
Water pollution is a growing concern for mankind due to its harmful effects on humans, animals and plants. Usually, several pollutants are present in wastewater. For example, dyes and antibiotics are found in wastewater because of their widespread use in factories and hospitals. However, one single technique, either adsorption or photocatalysis, cannot easily remove more than one kind of pollutant, especially by using one single material in water. For this reason, here multifunctional iron(ii,iii) oxide/poly(-isopropylacrylamide--methacrylic acid)/silver-titanium dioxide (FeO/P(NIPAM--MAA)/Ag-TiO) nanocomposites were used to remove a mixture of pollutants from water. Specifically, three types of experiments were performed to evaluate the adsorption capacity and photodegradation activity of the nanocomposites towards the dye basic fuchsin (BF) and the antibiotic ciprofloxacin (CIP), which were added sequentially to the nanocomposites dispersion or were concurrently present as a mixture. The results demonstrated that the nanocomposites could adsorb BF, and subsequently photodegrade CIP under visible-light irradiation, if BF was the first added pollutant. As well, the nanocomposites could first degrade CIP under visible-light irradiation, and then adsorb BF if they were initially put in contact with CIP. Finally, the ability of adsorbing BF and photodegrading CIP was confirmed in the co-presence of the two pollutants.
PubMed: 38482028
DOI: 10.1039/d3na00931a -
European Journal of Histochemistry : EJH Feb 2024For over a century, Palazzo Botta (Palace Botta) has housed the University of Pavia's Biomedical Institutes. Illustrious scientists have conducted research and taught at...
For over a century, Palazzo Botta (Palace Botta) has housed the University of Pavia's Biomedical Institutes. Illustrious scientists have conducted research and taught at this Palace, making significant contributions to the advancement of natural, biological, and medical science. Among them, Camillo Golgi received the Nobel Prize for discovering the so-called "black reaction." Following Golgi, the Palace continued to be a hub for the development of methodologies and reactions aimed at detecting and quantifying biological components. Maffo Vialli (in the Golgi stream) was the first to establish a Histochemistry Research Group, which began in the naturalistic field and later expanded to the biomedical area. Among the many histochemical studies initiated in the Palace, the Feulgen reaction undoubtedly played a significant role. This reaction, developed R. Feulgen and H. Rossenbeck in 1924, had significant international implications: numerous researchers then contributed to define its fine chemical details, which remained the subject of study for years, resulting in a massive international scientific literature. The Pavia School of Histochemistry also contributed to the evolution and application of this method, which has become a true benchmark in quantitative histochemistry. Giovanni Prenna and the CNR Centre for Histochemistry made significant contributions, as they were already focused on fluorescence cytochemistry. The Pavia researchers made significant contributions to the development of methodology and, in particular, instrumentation; the evolution of the latter resulted in the emergence of flow cytometry and an ever-increasing family of fluorescent probes, which somewhat overshadowed the Feulgen reaction for DNA quantification. The advent of monoclonal antibodies then contributed to the final explosion of flow cytometry in clinical application, almost making young neophytes forget that its roots date back to Feulgen.
Topics: Rosaniline Dyes; DNA; Histocytochemistry; Fluorescent Dyes
PubMed: 38389457
DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2024.3971 -
International Journal of Biological... Apr 2024Treating wastewater polluted with organic dyestuffs is still a challenge. In that vein, facile synthesis of a structurally simple composite of chitosan with...
Crosslinked chitosan-montmorillonite composite and its magnetized counterpart for the removal of basic fuchsin from wastewater: Parametric optimization using Box-Behnken design.
Treating wastewater polluted with organic dyestuffs is still a challenge. In that vein, facile synthesis of a structurally simple composite of chitosan with montmorillonite (CS-MMT) using glutaraldehyde as a crosslinker and the magnetized analogue (MAG@CS-MMT) was proposed as versatile adsorbents for the cationic dye, basic Fuchsin (FUS). Statistical modeling of the adsorption process was mediated using Box-Behnken (BB) design and by varying the composite dose, pH, [FUS], and contact time. Characterization of both composites showed an enhancement of surface features upon magnetization, substantiating a better FUS removal of the MAG@CS-MMT (%R = 98.43 %) compared to CS-MMT (%R = 68.02 %). The surface area analysis demonstrates that MAG@CS-MMT possesses a higher surface area, measuring 41.54 m/g, and the surface analysis of the magnetized nanocomposite, conducted using FT-IR and Raman spectroscopies, proved the presence of FeO peaks. In the same context, adsorption of FUS onto MAG@CS-MMT fitted-well to the Langmuir isotherm model and the maximum adsorption capacities (q) were 53.11 mg/g for CS-MMT and 88.34 mg/g for MAG@CS-MMT. Kinetics investigation shows that experimental data fitted well to the pseudo-second order (PSO) model. Regeneration study reveals that MAG@CS-MMT can be recovered effectively for repeated use with a high adsorption efficiency for FUS.
Topics: Bentonite; Wastewater; Chitosan; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Adsorption; Kinetics; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Rosaniline Dyes
PubMed: 38387636
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130224 -
Polymers Jan 2024The utilization of titanium dioxide (TiO) as a photocatalyst for the treatment of wastewater has attracted significant attention in the environmental field. Herein, we...
The utilization of titanium dioxide (TiO) as a photocatalyst for the treatment of wastewater has attracted significant attention in the environmental field. Herein, we prepared an NH-MIL-125-derived N-doped TiO@C Visible Light Catalyst through an in situ calcination method. The nitrogen element in the organic connector was released through calcination, simultaneously doping into the sample, thereby enhancing its spectral response to cover the visible region. The as-prepared N-doped TiO@C catalyst exhibited a preserved cage structure even after calcination, thereby alleviating the optical shielding effect and further augmenting its photocatalytic performance by increasing the reaction sites between the catalyst and pollutants. The calcination time of the N-doped TiO@C-450 °C catalyst was optimized to achieve a balance between the TiO content and nitrogen doping level, ensuring efficient degradation rates for basic fuchsin (99.7%), Rhodamine B (89.9%) and tetracycline hydrochloride (93%) within 90 min. Thus, this study presents a feasible strategy for the efficient degradation of pollutants under visible light.
PubMed: 38256985
DOI: 10.3390/polym16020186 -
RSC Advances Nov 2023Acid-protonated crystalline silicon carbide-supported carbon nitride photocatalytic composites were successfully prepared by the impregnation-heat treatment method...
Acid-protonated crystalline silicon carbide-supported carbon nitride photocatalytic composites were successfully prepared by the impregnation-heat treatment method (P-g-CN/β-SiC and P-g-CN/α-SiC). The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-vis-DRS) photoluminescence (PL), . The results of SEM showed that the P-g-CN/β-SiC and P-g-CN/α-SiC materials were transformed from large-area lamellar structures to uniform and dispersed lamellar particles. The UV-vis-DRS and PL showed that the recombination probability of photogenerated electron-hole pairs of P-g-CN/β-SiC and P-g-CN/α-SiC samples decreased and the band gap increased. The results of photocatalytic degradation of alizarin red S (ARS), acid fuchsin (AF), and basic fuchsin (BF) showed that the samples P-g-CN/β-SiC and P-g-CN/α-SiC had excellent photocatalytic degradation performance. It is worth noting that the degradation performance of the sample P-g-CN/β-SiC on the three dyes is better than that of P-g-CN/α-SiC. The electron spin resonance spectra (ESR) results showed that the ˙O and ˙OH produced by the two catalysts during the dye degradation process played a leading role in the degradation reaction. Fortunately, the catalyst maintains an excellent cycle life and can be reused more than seven times while degrading all three dyes.
PubMed: 38077968
DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06438g -
RSC Advances Nov 2023A carboxylatopillar[5]arene-embellished (CP5) magnetic graphene oxide nanocomposite (MGO@CP5) was smoothly constructed a mild layer-by-layer method. The morphology,...
A carboxylatopillar[5]arene-embellished (CP5) magnetic graphene oxide nanocomposite (MGO@CP5) was smoothly constructed a mild layer-by-layer method. The morphology, structure, and surface characteristics of this nanocomposite was investigated by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, zeta potential, and other techniques. Benefiting from a high capture ability for small molecules of CP5 as a supramolecular host molecule, along with a negative surface charge and large surface area of MGO@CP5, this nanocomposite exhibits an ultrafast, efficient adsorption property for representative cationic dyes: methylene blue (MB) and basic fuchsin (BF). The removal efficiency of MB and BF can reach nearly 99% within 3 min, while the maximum adsorption capacity of the two dyes reaches 240 mg g for MB and 132 mg g for BF. Furthermore, owing to excellent magnetic responsiveness from the tight loading of FeO nanoparticles on graphene oxide, MGO@CP5 could be easily and magnetically separated, regenerated, and reused four times without an evident reduction in the removal efficiency (>95%). Impressively, the adsorption property of MGO@CP5 reveals a strong tolerance to pH changes and ionic strength interference, which renders it a promising adsorbent in the field of water treatment.
PubMed: 38024976
DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07124c -
International Journal of Dentistry 2023One of the important features of the restorative materials is the ability to seal and prevent the microleakage. Glass ionomer cement (GIC) still exhibits some...
OBJECTIVES
One of the important features of the restorative materials is the ability to seal and prevent the microleakage. Glass ionomer cement (GIC) still exhibits some microleakage despite establishing a chemical bond to the tooth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nanographene oxide (nGO) on the microleakage of conventional (CGIC) and resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC).
METHODS
Thirty intact extracted molars were used. Class V cavities were prepared on their buccal and lingual surfaces. The samples randomly divided into two main groups of CGIC and RMGIC; each of them was randomly subdivided into three subgroups, including the group without nGO (control), the group with 1% nGO, and the group with 2% nGO. After restoring the cavities, they were subjected to thermocycling (1,000 cycles at 5/55°C). Two percent basic fuchsin solution was used to perform the microleakage test, and then the sectioned samples were examined by a stereomicroscope 40x. Kruskal-Wallis test, Dunn's test, and Mann-Whitney test were used to analyze the data ( < 0.05).
RESULTS
Group CGIC + 1% nGO at the gingival margin and group RMGIC + 1% nGO at both gingival and occlusal margins had significantly less microleakage than their control groups (=0.008, =0.002, =0.023, respectively). Also, in these two groups, there were no significant differences between the microleakage of the occlusal and gingival margins (=0.132, =0.511, respectively), while in all other groups, the gingival microleakage was significantly higher than that of occlusal microleakage.
CONCLUSIONS
The addition of 1% nGO significantly reduced the gingival microleakage of CGIC and the occlusal and the gingival microleakage of RMGIC, while the addition of 2% nGO did not cause a significant reduction in microleakage.
PubMed: 38021348
DOI: 10.1155/2023/8853495 -
European Oral Research Sep 2023The aim of this study is to evaluate the amount of microleakage resulting from the application of self-etch, selective etch, etch-and-rinse of adhesive systems in class...
PURPOSE
The aim of this study is to evaluate the amount of microleakage resulting from the application of self-etch, selective etch, etch-and-rinse of adhesive systems in class II cavities.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Four adhesive systems with etch-and-rinse, selective etch and self etch methods were used on the extracted teeth. All groups were restored with G-aenial A'CHORD (Nanohybrid) (GC, Tokyo, Japan) A2 composite. After 1000 thermal cycles were applied to the teeth after restoration, the samples were kept in 0.5% basic fuchsin for 24 hours. Microleakage values formed after dye penetration with basic fuchsin were determined quantitatively by scoring method on sections taken from each sample in the mesiodistal direction. One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test were used for statistical analysis of the data (p<0.05).
RESULTS
While there was no statistically significant difference between the etch-and-rinse and selective etch applications of adhesive systems (G2-Bond Universal, Clearfil Tri-S Bond Universal Prime&Bond Universal and Tokuyama Bond Force II) (p>0.05), there was a statistically significant difference in self-etch application (p<0.05). As a result of Prime&Bond Universal's self-etch application, it showed statistically more microleakage than the other three adhesive systems (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION
It has been observed that additional etching of enamel and/or dentin with phosphoric acid reduces the amount of microleakage.
PubMed: 37929222
DOI: 10.26650/eor.20231197657 -
Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban =... Aug 2023Laryngeal cancer (LC) is a globally prevalent and highly lethal tumor. Despite extensive efforts, the underlying mechanisms of LC remain inadequately understood. This...
OBJECTIVES
Laryngeal cancer (LC) is a globally prevalent and highly lethal tumor. Despite extensive efforts, the underlying mechanisms of LC remain inadequately understood. This study aims to conduct an innovative bioinformatic analysis to identify hub genes that could potentially serve as biomarkers or therapeutic targets in LC.
METHODS
We acquired a dataset consisting of 117 LC patient samples, 16 746 LC gene RNA sequencing data points, and 9 clinical features from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database in the United States. We employed weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to construct multiple co-expression gene modules. Subsequently, we assessed the correlations between these co-expression modules and clinical features to validate their associations. We also explored the interplay between modules to identify pivotal genes within disease pathways. Finally, we used the Kaplan-Meier plotter to validate the correlation between enriched genes and LC prognosis.
RESULTS
WGCNA analysis led to the creation of a total of 16 co-expression gene modules related to LC. Four of these modules (designated as the yellow, magenta, black, and brown modules) exhibited significant correlations with 3 clinical features: The age of initial pathological diagnosis, cancer status, and pathological N stage. Specifically, the yellow and magenta gene modules displayed negative correlations with the age of pathological diagnosis (=-0.23, <0.05; =-0.33, <0.05), while the black and brown gene modules demonstrated negative associations with cancer status (=-0.39, <0.05; =-0.50, <0.05). The brown gene module displayed a positive correlation with pathological N stage. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis identified 77 items, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis identified 30 related signaling pathways, including the calcium signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, neuro active ligand-receptor interaction, and regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes, etc. Consequently, central genes within these modules that were significantly linked to the overall survival rate of LC patients were identified. Central genes included , , , , , , , and .
CONCLUSIONS
This study, utilizing WGCNA and subsequent validation, pinpointed 8 genes with potential as gene biomarkers for LC. These findings offer valuable references for the clinical diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of LC.
Topics: Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Rosaniline Dyes; Biomarkers; Adipocytes; Gene Regulatory Networks; Gene Expression Profiling
PubMed: 37875354
DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2023.220630