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Frontiers in Nutrition 2021Optimal gut motility is central to bowel function and gut health. The link between the gut dysmotility related disorders and dysfunctional-intestinal barriers has led to... (Review)
Review
Optimal gut motility is central to bowel function and gut health. The link between the gut dysmotility related disorders and dysfunctional-intestinal barriers has led to a hypothesis that certain probiotics could help in normalizing gut motility and maintain gut health. This review investigates the roles of subsp. HN019 ( HN019™) on gut health, and its mechanisms of action in various pre-clinical and clinical studies. Research supports the hypothesis that HN019™ has a beneficial role in maintaining intestinal barrier function during gastrointestinal infections by competing and excluding potential pathogens via different mechanisms; maintaining normal tight junction function and regulating host immune defense toward pathogens in both and human studies. This has been observed to lead to reduced incidence of diarrhea. Interestingly, HN019™ also supports normal physiological function in immunosenescent elderly and competes and excludes potential pathogens. Furthermore, HN019™ reduced intestinal transit time and increased bowel movement frequency in functional constipation, potentially by modulating gut-brain-microbiota axis, mainly via serotonin signaling pathway, through short chain fatty acids derived from microbial fermentation. HN019™ is thus a probiotic that can contribute to relieving gut dysmotility related disorders.
PubMed: 34970580
DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.790561 -
Nutrients Mar 2020The growing worldwide epidemic of obesity and associated metabolic health comorbidities has resulted in an urgent need for safe and efficient nutritional solutions. The... (Review)
Review
The growing worldwide epidemic of obesity and associated metabolic health comorbidities has resulted in an urgent need for safe and efficient nutritional solutions. The research linking obesity with gut microbiota dysbiosis has led to a hypothesis that certain bacterial strains could serve as probiotics helping in weight management and metabolic health. In the search for such strains, the effect of subsp. 420 (B420) on gut microbiota and metabolic health, and the mechanisms of actions, has been investigated in a variety of in vitro, pre-clinical, and clinical studies. In this review, we aim to highlight the research on B420 related to obesity, metabolic health, and the microbiota. Current research supports the hypothesis that gut dysbiosis leads to an imbalance in the inflammatory processes and loss of epithelial integrity. Bacterial components, like endotoxins, that leak out of the gut can invoke low-grade, chronic, and systemic inflammation. This imbalanced state is often referred to as metabolic endotoxemia. Scientific evidence indicates that B420 can slow down many of these detrimental processes via multiple signaling pathways, as supported by mechanistic in vitro and in vivo studies. We discuss the connection of these mechanisms to clinical evidence on the effect of B420 in controlling weight gain in overweight and obese subjects. The research further indicates that B420 may improve the epithelial integrity by rebalancing a dysbiotic state induced by an obesogenic diet, for example by increasing the prevalence of lean phenotype microbes such as . We further discuss, in the context of delivering the health benefits of B420: the safety and technological aspects of the strain including genomic characterization, antibiotic resistance profiling, stability in the product, and survival of the live probiotic in the intestine. In summary, we conclude that the clinical and preclinical studies on metabolic health suggest that B420 may be a potential candidate in combating obesity; however, further clinical studies are needed.
Topics: Bifidobacterium animalis; Biomarkers; Dysbiosis; Energy Metabolism; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Health Status; Heart Disease Risk Factors; Humans; Immunomodulation; Insulin Resistance; Obesity; Probiotics; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 32218248
DOI: 10.3390/nu12040892 -
Microbial Biotechnology Mar 2022Obesity and its related metabolic disorders, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease, are major risk factors for morbidity and mortality in the world population. In...
Obesity and its related metabolic disorders, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease, are major risk factors for morbidity and mortality in the world population. In this context, supplementation with the probiotic strain Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BPL1 (CECT8145) has been shown to ameliorate obesity biomarkers. Analyzing the basis of this observation and using the pre-clinical model Caenorhabditis elegans, we have found that lipoteichoic acid (LTA) of BPL1 is responsible for its fat-reducing properties and that this attribute is preserved under hyperglycaemic conditions. This fat-reducing capacity of both BPL1 and LTA-BPL1 is abolished under glucose restriction, as a result of changes in LTA chemical composition. Moreover, we have demonstrated that LTA exerts this function through the IGF-1 pathway, as does BPL1 strain. These results open the possibility of using LTA as a novel postbiotic, whose beneficial properties can be applied therapeutically and/or preventively in metabolic syndrome and diabetes-related disorders.
Topics: Adipogenesis; Animals; Bifidobacterium animalis; Caenorhabditis elegans; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Lipopolysaccharides; Obesity; Probiotics; Teichoic Acids
PubMed: 33620143
DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13769 -
SAGE Open Medicine 2019Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related death. The pathogensesis of colorectal cancer involves a multi-step and... (Review)
Review
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related death. The pathogensesis of colorectal cancer involves a multi-step and multi-factorial process. Disruption of the gut microbiota has been associated with gastrointestinal diseases such as colorectal cancer. The genus is considered an important component of the commensal microbiota and plays important roles in several homeostatic functions: immune, neurohormonal, and metabolic. subsp. is a well-documented probiotic within the species Mycosporin-like amino acids are low molecular weight amino acids demonstrated to exert prebiotic effects and to modulate host immunity by regulating the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal epithelial cells, macrophages and lymphocytes, as well as cytokine production.Their modulation of the metabolism of the immune system and transcription factors could exert a beneficial effect on colorectal cancer. does not produce mycosporin-like amino acids. If one could create a -producing mycosporin-like amino acids via genetic open reading frame engineering it should exert more potent immuno-stimulatory properties and, thereby, become a potent strain-specific microbial based therapy in colorectal cancer prevention.
PubMed: 30719295
DOI: 10.1177/2050312119825784 -
Gut Microbes 2018Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 (HN019) ameliorates chronic idiopathic constipation. Our aim was to determine the efficacy and safety of 28-day... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of 28-day Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 supplementation on colonic transit time and gastrointestinal symptoms in adults with functional constipation: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, and dose-ranging trial.
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 (HN019) ameliorates chronic idiopathic constipation. Our aim was to determine the efficacy and safety of 28-day supplementation with 1 × 10 or 1 × 10 CFU of HN019/day for constipation. A total of 228 adults who were diagnosed with functional constipation according to the Rome III criteria were randomized in a double-blind and placebo-controlled trial. Colonic transit time (CTT), the primary outcome, and secondary outcomes that were measured using inventories-patient assessment of constipation symptoms (PAC-SYM) and quality of life (PAC-QoL), bowel function index (BFI), bowel movement frequency (BMF), stool consistency, degree of straining, bowel emptying, bloating, and pain severity-were assessed. Ancillary parameters and harms were also evaluated. There were no statistically significant differences in the primary or secondary outcomes between interventions. A post hoc analysis of 65 participants with fewer than 3 bowel movements per week (BMF ≤ 3/week) showed a physiologically relevant increase in weekly BMF in the high- (+2.0) and low-dose (+1.7) HN019 groups-by RMANOVA, the HN019 groups with BMF ≤ 3/week, pooled together, had a higher BMF versus placebo (P value = 0.01). Thus, improving low stool frequency could be a target of future interventions with HN019. High-dose HN019 also decreased the degree of straining at Day 28 versus placebo in those with BMF ≤ 3/week (P value = 0.02). Three unlikely related AEs-2 with low-dose HN019 and 1 with placebo-were followed until full recovery. In conclusion, although there were no differences in the primary analysis, HN019 is well tolerated and improves BMF in adults with low stool frequency.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Bifidobacterium animalis; Constipation; Double-Blind Method; Female; Gastrointestinal Transit; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Placebos; Probiotics; Quality of Life; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult
PubMed: 29227175
DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2017.1412908 -
Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Jan 2020The pathogenesis of infant colic is poorly defined. Gut microbiota seems to be involved, supporting the potential therapeutic role of probiotics. (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
The pathogenesis of infant colic is poorly defined. Gut microbiota seems to be involved, supporting the potential therapeutic role of probiotics.
AIMS
To assess the rate of infants with a reduction of ≥50% of mean daily crying duration after 28 days of intervention with the probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 (BB-12). Secondary outcomes were daily number of crying episodes, sleeping time, number of bowel movements and stool consistency.
METHODS
Randomized controlled trial (RCT) on otherwise healthy exclusively breastfed infants with infant colic randomly allocated to receive BB-12 (1 × 10 CFU/day) or placebo for 28 days. Gut microbiota structure and butyrate, beta-defensin-2 (HBD-2), cathelicidin (LL-37), secretory IgA (sIgA) and faecal calprotectin levels were assessed.
RESULTS
Eighty infants were randomised, 40/group. The rate of infants with reduction of ≥50% of mean daily crying duration was higher in infants treated with BB-12, starting from the end of 2nd week. No infant relapsed when treatment was stopped. The mean number of crying episodes decreased in both groups, but with a higher effect in BB-12 group (-4.7 ± 3.4 vs -2.3 ± 2.2, P < 0.05). Mean daily stool frequency decreased in both groups but the effect was significantly higher in the BB-12 group; stool consistency was similar between the two groups. An increase in Bifidobacterium abundance (with significant correlation with crying time reduction), butyrate and HBD-2, LL-37, sIgA levels associated with a decrease in faecal calprotectin level were observed in the BB-12 group.
CONCLUSIONS
Supplementation with BB-12 is effective in managing infant colic. The effect could derive from immune and non-immune mechanisms associated with a modulation of gut microbiota structure and function.
Topics: Bifidobacterium animalis; Breast Feeding; Colic; Crying; Defecation; Double-Blind Method; Feces; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Infant; Infant Care; Male; Placebos; Probiotics; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 31797399
DOI: 10.1111/apt.15561 -
International Journal of Obesity (2005) Sep 2019The effects of probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis CECT 8145 (Ba8145) and those of its heat-killed form (h-k Ba8145) on human anthropometric adiposity... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of daily consumption of the probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis CECT 8145 on anthropometric adiposity biomarkers in abdominally obese subjects: a randomized controlled trial.
BACKGROUND
The effects of probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis CECT 8145 (Ba8145) and those of its heat-killed form (h-k Ba8145) on human anthropometric adiposity biomarkers are unknown.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the effect of Ba8145 and h-k Ba8145 ingestion on anthropometric adiposity biomarkers.
DESIGN
Randomized, parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with abdominally obese individuals. Participants (n = 135) consumed 1 capsule/day containing 10 colony forming unit (CFU) of Ba8145, 10 CFU of h-k Ba8145, or placebo (maltodextrin) for 3 months.
RESULTS
Ba8145 ingestion decreased waist circumference, waist circumference/height ratio, and Conicity index (P < 0.05) versus its baseline. Changes versus the placebo group reached significance (P < 0.05) after the h-k Ba8145 treatment. Ba8145 decreased the body mass index compared with baseline and placebo group (P < 0.05). The decrease in visceral fat area after Ba8145 treatments reached significance (P < 0.05) only after h-k Ba8145. When analyses by gender were performed, significance remained only for women. Diastolic blood pressure and HOMA index decreased (P < 0.05) after h-k Ba8145. Gut microbiome analyses showed an increase in Akkermansia spp. after Ba8145 treatment, particularly in the live form, which was inversely related to weight (P = 0.003).
CONCLUSIONS
In abdominally obese individuals, consumption of Ba8145, both as viable and mainly as heat-killed cells, improves anthropometric adiposity biomarkers, particularly in women. An increase in the gut Akkermansia genus appears as a possible mechanism involved. Our results support Ba8145 probiotic as a complementary strategy in obesity management.
Topics: Adiposity; Adult; Bifidobacterium animalis; Female; Humans; Male; Obesity, Abdominal; Probiotics; Waist Circumference
PubMed: 30262813
DOI: 10.1038/s41366-018-0220-0 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2022Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is characterized by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β cells. Previous study has discovered that probiotic strains residing in the... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
INTRODUCTION
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is characterized by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β cells. Previous study has discovered that probiotic strains residing in the gut play essential roles in host immune regulation. However, few clinical results demonstrated probiotic would actually benefit in attenuating glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) along with inflammatory cytokine levels of the T1DM patients and analyzed their gut microbiota profile at the same time. In this clinical trial, we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of probiotics on HbA1c along with inflammatory cytokine levels of T1DM patients to determine an alternative administration mode for T1DM medication. The probiotics changed T1DM gut microbiota profile will be measured by next-generation sequencing (NGS).
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed at China Medical University Hospital. T1DM patients between 6 and 18 years of age were enrolled. 27 patients were administered regular insulin therapy plus capsules containing probiotic strains subsp. AP-32, MH-68, and subsp. CP-9 daily for 6 months, and 29 patients were administered insulin therapy without extra probiotic supplement as placebo group. The variations of fasting blood glucose and HbA1c in these patients were analyzed. In addition, serum levels of inflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory cytokine were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Patients' stool microbiota were all subjects to NGS analysis.
RESULTS
NGS data showed elevated populations of and in the gut of patients with T1DM who were taking probiotics. Patients with T1DM who were administered probiotics showed significantly reduced fasting blood glucose levels compared with the before-intervention levels. The HbA1c levels of the patients also improved after administration of probiotics. The concentrations of IL-8, IL-17, MIP-1β, RANTES, and TNF-α were significantly reduced and were associated with an increased TGF-β1 expression after probiotic intervention. The persistence effect of glycemic control and immunomodulation were observed even 3 months after discontinuation of the probiotics.
CONCLUSIONS
Here, we found that conventional insulin therapy plus probiotics supplementation attenuated T1DM symptoms than receiving insulin treatment only. Probiotics supplementation with insulin treatment changed gut microbiota and revealed better outcome in stabilizing glycemic levels and reducing HbA1c levels in patients with T1DM through beneficial regulation of immune cytokines.
CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03880760.
Topics: Bifidobacterium animalis; Blood Glucose; Cytokines; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Glycated Hemoglobin; Humans; Insulin; Ligilactobacillus salivarius; Probiotics
PubMed: 35299968
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.754401 -
International Journal of Molecular... Aug 2022The oral cavity is one of the environments on the human body with the highest concentrations of microorganisms that coexist harmoniously and maintain homeostasis related... (Review)
Review
The oral cavity is one of the environments on the human body with the highest concentrations of microorganisms that coexist harmoniously and maintain homeostasis related to oral health. Several local factors can shift the microbiome to a pathogenic state of dysbiosis. Existing treatments for infections caused by changes in the oral cavity aim to control biofilm dysbiosis and restore microbial balance. Studies have used probiotics as treatments for oral diseases, due to their ability to reduce the pathogenicity of the microbiota and immunoinflammatory changes. This review investigates the role of the probiotic subsp. () HN019 in oral health, and its mechanism of action in pre-clinical and clinical studies. This probiotic strain is a lactic acid bacterium that is safe for human consumption. It mediates bacterial co-aggregation with pathogens and modulates the immune response. Studies using HN019 in periodontitis and peri-implant mucositis have shown it to be a potential adjuvant treatment with beneficial microbiological and immunological effects. Studies evaluating its oral effects and mechanism of action show that this probiotic strain has the potential to be used in several dental applications because of its benefit to the host.
Topics: Bacteria; Bifidobacterium animalis; Biofilms; Dysbiosis; Humans; Periodontitis; Probiotics
PubMed: 36012597
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169334 -
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Nov 2022Probiotics are widely used to promote performance and improve gut health in weaning piglets. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of...
Probiotics are widely used to promote performance and improve gut health in weaning piglets. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (B. animalis) JYBR-190 on the growth performance, intestine health, and gut microbiota of weaning piglets. The results showed that the dietary addition of B. animalis significantly improved growth performance and decreased diarrhea incidence. B. animalis increased villus height in the duodenum and elevated goblet cell numbers and amylase activity in the jejunum. Additionally, B. animalis supplementation markedly increased total antioxidant capacity in jejunal mucosa but declined the malondialdehyde content. B. animalis treatment did not affect the mRNA expressions associated with the intestinal barrier and inflammatory cytokine in various intestinal segments. Microbiota analysis indicated that a diet supplemented with B. animalis significantly increased the relative abundances of health-promoting bacteria in the lumen, such as Streptococcus, and There was a trend for B. animalis fed piglets to have a higher relative abundance of B. animalis in ileal digesta. Moreover, B. animalis-treated pigs decreased the abundance of and Escherichia- in ileal mucosa-associated microbiota. In summary, this study showed that B. animalis supplementation stimulated growth performance, improved gut development, enriched beneficial bacteria abundances, and declined intestinal pathogens populations, while B. animalis had limited effects on the intestinal barrier and immune function. In the modern swine industry, weaning is a critical period in the pig's life cycle. Sudden dietary, social, and environmental changes can easily lead to gut microbiota dysbiosis, diarrhea, and a decrease in growth performance. To stabilize intestinal microbiota and promote animal growth, antibiotics were widely applied in swine diets during the past few decades. However, the side effects of antibiotics posed a great threat to public health and food safety. Therefore, it is urgent to find and develop antibiotic alternatives. The growing evidence suggested that probiotics can be preferable alternatives to antibiotics because they can modulate microbiota composition and resist pathogens colonization. In this study, our results indicated that dietary supplementation with Bifidobacterium animalis promoted growth in weaning piglets by improving gut development, increasing beneficial bacteria abundances, and declining pathogens populations.
Topics: Swine; Animals; Weaning; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Antioxidants; Bifidobacterium animalis; Dietary Supplements; Diet; Diarrhea; Bacteria; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Animal Feed
PubMed: 36300953
DOI: 10.1128/aem.01296-22