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Journal of Immunology Research 2021The prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), increases gradually worldwide in the past decades.... (Review)
Review
The prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), increases gradually worldwide in the past decades. IBD is generally associated with the change of the immune system and gut microbiota, and the conventional treatments usually result in some side effects. Bifidobacterium longum, as colonizing bacteria in the intestine, has been demonstrated to be capable of relieving colitis in mice and can be employed as an alternative or auxiliary way for treating IBD. Here, the mechanisms of the Bifidobacterium longum in the treatment of IBD were summarized based on previous cell and animal studies and clinical trials testing bacterial therapies. This review will be served as a basis for future research on IBD treatment.
Topics: Animals; Bifidobacterium longum; Clinical Trials as Topic; Colitis, Ulcerative; Crohn Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Intestinal Mucosa; Probiotics
PubMed: 34337079
DOI: 10.1155/2021/8030297 -
Gut Microbes 2022Gut microbial disturbance affects allergic diseases including asthma, atopic dermatitis (AD) via the aberrant immune response. Some Bifidobacterial species and strains...
Gut microbial disturbance affects allergic diseases including asthma, atopic dermatitis (AD) via the aberrant immune response. Some Bifidobacterial species and strains have been reported to improve AD via modulating immune-microbe interactions in patients. However, the effective metabolites and mechanism of alleviating AD in bifidobacteria remain to be elucidated. This study aimed to explore the microbial metabolite and mechanism of to improve AD. Based on shotgun metagenomic sequencing and UHPLC Q-Exactive-MS targeted metabolic experiments and , we focused on tryptophan metabolism and indole derivatives, which are endogenous ligands for aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). Indole-3-carbaldehyde (I3C), a tryptophan metabolite of CCFM1029 activated AHR-mediated immune signaling pathway to improve AD symptoms in animal and clinical experiments. CCFM1029 upregulated tryptophan metabolism and increased I3C to suppress aberrant T helper 2 type immune responses, but these benefits were eliminated by AHR antagonist CH223191. Furthermore, CCFM1029 reshaped gut microbial composition in AD patients, increased fecal and serum I3C, and maintained the abundance of related to tryptophan metabolism of gut microbiota. The results suggested that based on the interactions of the gut-skin axis, CCFM1029 upregulated tryptophan metabolism and produced I3C to activate AHR-mediated immune response, alleviating AD symptoms. Indole derivates, microbial metabolites of tryptophan, may be the potential metabolites of bifidobacteria to alleviate AD via the AHR signaling pathway.
Topics: Animals; Bifidobacterium; Bifidobacterium longum; Dermatitis, Atopic; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Indoles; Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon; Tryptophan
PubMed: 35239463
DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2044723 -
Nutrients May 2020bstract: Since originally isolated in 1899, the genus has been demonstrated to predominate in the gut microbiota of breastfed infants and to benefit the host by... (Review)
Review
bstract: Since originally isolated in 1899, the genus has been demonstrated to predominate in the gut microbiota of breastfed infants and to benefit the host by accelerating maturation of the immune response, balancing the immune system to suppress inflammation, improving intestinal barrier function, and increasing acetate production. In particular, subspecies () is well adapted to the infant gut and has co-evolved with the mother-infant dyad and gut microbiome, in part due to its ability to consume complex carbohydrates found in human milk. and its human host have a symbiotic relationship that protects the preterm or term neonate and nourishes a healthy gut microbiota prior to weaning. To provide benefits associated with to all infants, a number of commercialized strains have been developed over the past decades. As new ingredients become available, safety and suitability must be assessed in preclinical and clinical studies. Consideration of the full clinical evidence for use in pediatric nutrition is critical to better understand its potential impacts on infant health and development. Herein we summarize the recent clinical studies utilizing select strains of commercialized .
Topics: Bifidobacterium longum subspecies infantis; Breast Feeding; Dietary Carbohydrates; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Host Microbial Interactions; Humans; Infant; Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Infant, Newborn; Intestines; Male; Milk, Human; Probiotics; Symbiosis
PubMed: 32481558
DOI: 10.3390/nu12061581 -
Nature Nanotechnology Jun 2023Inflammatory bowel disease can be caused by the dysfunction of the intestinal mucosal barrier and dysregulation of gut microbiota. Traditional treatments use drugs to...
Inflammatory bowel disease can be caused by the dysfunction of the intestinal mucosal barrier and dysregulation of gut microbiota. Traditional treatments use drugs to manage inflammation with possible probiotic therapy as an adjuvant. However, current standard practices often suffer from metabolic instability, limited targeting and result in unsatisfactory therapeutic outcomes. Here we report on artificial-enzyme-modified Bifidobacterium longum probiotics for reshaping a healthy immune system in inflammatory bowel disease. Probiotics can promote the targeting and retention of the biocompatible artificial enzymes to persistently scavenge elevated reactive oxygen species and alleviate inflammatory factors. The reduced inflammation caused by artificial enzymes improves bacterial viability to rapidly reshape the intestinal barrier functions and restore the gut microbiota. The therapeutic effects are demonstrated in murine and canine models and show superior outcomes to traditional clinical drugs.
Topics: Animals; Dogs; Mice; Bifidobacterium longum; Dysbiosis; Inflammation; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Microbiota; Probiotics
PubMed: 36973397
DOI: 10.1038/s41565-023-01346-x -
Cell Nov 2022The gut microbiome has an important role in infant health and development. We characterized the fecal microbiome and metabolome of 222 young children in Dhaka,...
The gut microbiome has an important role in infant health and development. We characterized the fecal microbiome and metabolome of 222 young children in Dhaka, Bangladesh during the first two years of life. A distinct Bifidobacterium longum clade expanded with introduction of solid foods and harbored enzymes for utilizing both breast milk and solid food substrates. The clade was highly prevalent in Bangladesh, present globally (at lower prevalence), and correlated with many other gut taxa and metabolites, indicating an important role in gut ecology. We also found that the B. longum clades and associated metabolites were implicated in childhood diarrhea and early growth, including positive associations between growth measures and B. longum subsp. infantis, indolelactate and N-acetylglutamate. Our data demonstrate geographic, cultural, seasonal, and ecological heterogeneity that should be accounted for when identifying microbiome factors implicated in and potentially benefiting infant development.
Topics: Infant; Child; Female; Humans; Child, Preschool; Bifidobacterium longum; Bifidobacterium; Weaning; Oligosaccharides; Bangladesh; Milk, Human; Feces
PubMed: 36323316
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.10.011 -
Gastroenterology Aug 2017Probiotics can reduce symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but little is known about their effects on psychiatric comorbidities. We performed a prospective study... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND & AIMS
Probiotics can reduce symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but little is known about their effects on psychiatric comorbidities. We performed a prospective study to evaluate the effects of Bifidobacterium longum NCC3001 (BL) on anxiety and depression in patients with IBS.
METHODS
We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 44 adults with IBS and diarrhea or a mixed-stool pattern (based on Rome III criteria) and mild to moderate anxiety and/or depression (based on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale) at McMaster University in Canada, from March 2011 to May 2014. At the screening visit, clinical history and symptoms were assessed and blood samples were collected. Patients were then randomly assigned to groups and given daily BL (n = 22) or placebo (n = 22) for 6 weeks. At weeks 0, 6, and 10, we determined patients' levels of anxiety and depression, IBS symptoms, quality of life, and somatization using validated questionnaires. At weeks 0 and 6, stool, urine and blood samples were collected, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) test was performed. We assessed brain activation patterns, fecal microbiota, urine metabolome profiles, serum markers of inflammation, neurotransmitters, and neurotrophin levels.
RESULTS
At week 6, 14 of 22 patients in the BL group had reduction in depression scores of 2 points or more on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale, vs 7 of 22 patients in the placebo group (P = .04). BL had no significant effect on anxiety or IBS symptoms. Patients in the BL group had a mean increase in quality of life score compared with the placebo group. The fMRI analysis showed that BL reduced responses to negative emotional stimuli in multiple brain areas, including amygdala and fronto-limbic regions, compared with placebo. The groups had similar fecal microbiota profiles, serum markers of inflammation, and levels of neurotrophins and neurotransmitters, but the BL group had reduced urine levels of methylamines and aromatic amino acids metabolites. At week 10, depression scores were reduced in patients given BL vs placebo.
CONCLUSION
In a placebo-controlled trial, we found that the probiotic BL reduces depression but not anxiety scores and increases quality of life in patients with IBS. These improvements were associated with changes in brain activation patterns that indicate that this probiotic reduces limbic reactivity. ClinicalTrials.gov no. NCT01276626.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety; Bifidobacterium longum; Brain; Canada; Depression; Diarrhea; Double-Blind Method; Emotions; Feces; Female; Humans; Irritable Bowel Syndrome; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Pilot Projects; Probiotics; Prospective Studies; Quality of Life; Surveys and Questionnaires; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 28483500
DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.05.003 -
Nutrients Apr 2019Functional gastrointestinal symptoms are frequent, and may be driven by several pathogenic mechanisms. Symptoms may persist in lactose intolerant (LI) patients (i.e.,... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Functional gastrointestinal symptoms are frequent, and may be driven by several pathogenic mechanisms. Symptoms may persist in lactose intolerant (LI) patients (i.e., subjects with intestinal lactase deficiency, lactose malabsorption producing symptoms), after a lactose-free diet. Our hypothesis was that probiotic and vitamin B6 treatment may be useful to alleviate symptoms in LI patients through a positive modulation of gut microbial composition and relative metabolism. We aimed to test the efficacy of a novel formulation of BB536 and HN001 plus vitamin B6 (ZR) in 23 LI subjects with persistent symptoms during a lactose-free diet. Symptoms, microbiome, and metabolome were measured at baseline and after 30 days in a crossover, randomized, double-blind study of ZR versus placebo (PL). Compared with PL, the administration of probiotics and vitamin B6 significantly decreased bloating (p = 0.028) and ameliorated constipation (p = 0.045). Fecal microbiome differed between ZR and PL. ZR drove the enrichment of several genera involved in lactose digestion including Bifidobacerium. Moreover, the relative abundance of acetic acid, 2-methyl-propanoic acid, nonenal, and indolizine 3-methyl increased, while phenol decreased. Our findings highlight the importance of selected probiotics and vitamin B6 to alleviate symptoms and gut dysbiosis in lactose intolerant patients with persistent functional gastrointestinal symptoms.
Topics: Adult; Bifidobacterium longum; Constipation; Cross-Over Studies; Diet; Double-Blind Method; Dysbiosis; Feces; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Intestines; Lactase; Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus; Lactose; Lactose Intolerance; Male; Middle Aged; Probiotics; Vitamin B 6; Vitamin B Complex
PubMed: 31010241
DOI: 10.3390/nu11040886 -
Gut Microbes 2023The significance of to human health can be appreciated from its early colonization of the neonatal gut, where represents the most abundant species. While its relative... (Review)
Review
The significance of to human health can be appreciated from its early colonization of the neonatal gut, where represents the most abundant species. While its relative abundance declines with age, it is further reduced in several diseases. Research into the beneficial properties of has unveiled a range of mechanisms, including the production of bioactive molecules, such as short-chain fatty acids, polysaccharides, and serine protease inhibitors. From its intestinal niche, can have far-reaching effects in the body influencing immune responses in the lungs and even skin, as well as influencing brain activity. In this review, we present the biological and clinical impacts of this species on a range of human conditions beginning in neonatal life and beyond. The available scientific evidence reveals a strong rationale for continued research and further clinical trials that investigate the ability of to treat or prevent a range of diseases across the human lifespan.
Topics: Infant, Newborn; Humans; Bifidobacterium longum; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Bifidobacterium; Fatty Acids, Volatile; Probiotics
PubMed: 36896934
DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2186098 -
Clinical Nutrition ESPEN Apr 2021Strains belonging to bifidobacteria have been documented as being helpful in adults with intestinal dysbiosis conditions, like those related to irritable bowel syndrome... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUNDS & AIMS
Strains belonging to bifidobacteria have been documented as being helpful in adults with intestinal dysbiosis conditions, like those related to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This review aims to present the most relevant evidence regarding the efficacy of Bifidobacterium longum W11, a Bifidobacterium used in clinical settings for conditions such as IBS and inflammatory bowel disease.
METHODS
The following electronic databases were systematically searched up to August 2020: MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, Cochrane Central Database of Controlled Trials (via CENTRAL), Google Scholar, and Clinicaltrials.gov.
RESULTS
Data arising from pooled analysis, 7 in vitro/pharmacological studies, 7 clinical trials including 1 randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled, showed that the probiotic strain B. longum W11 has been extensively studied for its efficacy in subjects with IBS with constipation, leading to a significant reduction in symptoms. In particular, its role in alleviating constipation was also confirmed in subjects for whom a low-calorie weight-loss diet led to the slowing down of gut motility. The probiotic characteristics of B. longum W11 were further demonstrated in the treatment of minimal hepatic encephalopathy and hepatic disease. The most remarkable trait of B. longum W11 is its non-transmissible antibiotic resistance, due to a nucleotide polymorphism mutation in the rpoB gene, making it resistant to antibiotics of the rifampicin group, including rifaximin. The co-administration of B. longum W11 and rifaximin in patients with symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease brought about a further significant improvement in the clinical condition compared to patients treated with rifaximin alone. B. longum W11 is a probiotic which could synergize with rifaximin as an adjuvant to antibiotic treatment.
CONCLUSIONS
Taken altogether these findings demonstrate the clinical role of the strain W11 both in some functional and in some inflammatory bowel diseases.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bifidobacterium longum; Humans; Irritable Bowel Syndrome; Probiotics; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Rifaximin
PubMed: 33745570
DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.12.025 -
Cell Host & Microbe Jan 2024Timely liver function recovery (LFR) is crucial for postoperative hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Here, we established the significance of LFR on patient...
Timely liver function recovery (LFR) is crucial for postoperative hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Here, we established the significance of LFR on patient long-term survival through retrospective and prospective cohorts and identified a key gut microbe, Bifidobacterium longum, depleted in patients with delayed recovery. Fecal microbiota transfer from HCC patients with delayed recovery to mice similarly impacted recovery time post hepatectomy. However, oral gavage of B. longum improved liver function and repair in these mice. In a clinical trial of HCC patients, orally administering a probiotic bacteria cocktail containing B. longum reduced the rates of delayed recovery, shortened hospital stays, and improved overall 1-year survival. These benefits, attributed to diminished liver inflammation, reduced liver fibrosis, and hepatocyte proliferation, were associated with changes in key metabolic pathways, including 5-hydroxytryptamine, secondary bile acids, and short-chain fatty acids. Our findings propose that gut microbiota modulation can enhance LFR, thereby improving postoperative outcomes for HCC patients.
Topics: Humans; Mice; Animals; Bifidobacterium longum; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Prospective Studies; Recovery of Function; Retrospective Studies; Liver Neoplasms; Probiotics
PubMed: 38091982
DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.11.011