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Nature Reviews. Drug Discovery Feb 2021In recent years, the development of nanoparticles has expanded into a broad range of clinical applications. Nanoparticles have been developed to overcome the limitations... (Review)
Review
In recent years, the development of nanoparticles has expanded into a broad range of clinical applications. Nanoparticles have been developed to overcome the limitations of free therapeutics and navigate biological barriers - systemic, microenvironmental and cellular - that are heterogeneous across patient populations and diseases. Overcoming this patient heterogeneity has also been accomplished through precision therapeutics, in which personalized interventions have enhanced therapeutic efficacy. However, nanoparticle development continues to focus on optimizing delivery platforms with a one-size-fits-all solution. As lipid-based, polymeric and inorganic nanoparticles are engineered in increasingly specified ways, they can begin to be optimized for drug delivery in a more personalized manner, entering the era of precision medicine. In this Review, we discuss advanced nanoparticle designs utilized in both non-personalized and precision applications that could be applied to improve precision therapies. We focus on advances in nanoparticle design that overcome heterogeneous barriers to delivery, arguing that intelligent nanoparticle design can improve efficacy in general delivery applications while enabling tailored designs for precision applications, thereby ultimately improving patient outcome overall.
Topics: Biomedical Engineering; Drug Delivery Systems; Humans; Nanoparticles; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Precision Medicine
PubMed: 33277608
DOI: 10.1038/s41573-020-0090-8 -
Scientific Reports Aug 20203D bioprinting has emerged as a promising new approach for fabricating complex biological constructs in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. It...
3D bioprinting has emerged as a promising new approach for fabricating complex biological constructs in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. It aims to alleviate the hurdles of conventional tissue engineering methods by precise and controlled layer-by-layer assembly of biomaterials in a desired 3D pattern. The 3D bioprinting of cells, tissues, and organs Collection at brings together a myriad of studies portraying the capabilities of different bioprinting modalities. This Collection amalgamates research aimed at 3D bioprinting organs for fulfilling demands of organ shortage, cell patterning for better tissue fabrication, and building better disease models.
Topics: Biocompatible Materials; Biomedical Engineering; Bioprinting; Humans; Organ Specificity; Printing, Three-Dimensional; Tissue Engineering
PubMed: 32811864
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70086-y -
Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2018
Topics: Animals; Bioengineering; Biomechanical Phenomena; Biomedical Engineering; Cardiac Rehabilitation; Humans; Orthopedic Procedures; Swine
PubMed: 30210751
DOI: 10.1155/2018/1716809 -
Journal of Rehabilitation Research and... 2015The choice of a myoelectric or body-powered upper-limb prosthesis can be determined using factors including control, function, feedback, cosmesis, and rejection.... (Review)
Review
The choice of a myoelectric or body-powered upper-limb prosthesis can be determined using factors including control, function, feedback, cosmesis, and rejection. Although body-powered and myoelectric control strategies offer unique functions, many prosthesis users must choose one. A systematic review was conducted to determine differences between myoelectric and body-powered prostheses to inform evidence-based clinical practice regarding prescription of these devices and training of users. A search of 9 databases identified 462 unique publications. Ultimately, 31 of them were included and 11 empirical evidence statements were developed. Conflicting evidence has been found in terms of the relative functional performance of body-powered and myoelectric prostheses. Body-powered prostheses have been shown to have advantages in durability, training time, frequency of adjustment, maintenance, and feedback; however, they could still benefit from improvements of control. Myoelectric prostheses have been shown to improve cosmesis and phantom-limb pain and are more accepted for light=intensity work. Currently, evidence is insufficient to conclude that either system provides a significant general advantage. Prosthetic selection should be based on a patient's individual needs and include personal preferences, prosthetic experience, and functional needs. This work demonstrates that there is a lack of empirical evidence regarding functional differences in upper-limb prostheses.
Topics: Amputees; Arm; Artificial Limbs; Biomedical Engineering; Electromyography; Humans; Prosthesis Design
PubMed: 26230500
DOI: 10.1682/JRRD.2014.08.0192 -
Nature Medicine May 2013Approximately 100,000 individuals in the United States currently await kidney transplantation, and 400,000 individuals live with end-stage kidney disease requiring...
Approximately 100,000 individuals in the United States currently await kidney transplantation, and 400,000 individuals live with end-stage kidney disease requiring hemodialysis. The creation of a transplantable graft to permanently replace kidney function would address donor organ shortage and the morbidity associated with immunosuppression. Such a bioengineered graft must have the kidney's architecture and function and permit perfusion, filtration, secretion, absorption and drainage of urine. We decellularized rat, porcine and human kidneys by detergent perfusion, yielding acellular scaffolds with vascular, cortical and medullary architecture, a collecting system and ureters. To regenerate functional tissue, we seeded rat kidney scaffolds with epithelial and endothelial cells and perfused these cell-seeded constructs in a whole-organ bioreactor. The resulting grafts produced rudimentary urine in vitro when perfused through their intrinsic vascular bed. When transplanted in an orthotopic position in rat, the grafts were perfused by the recipient's circulation and produced urine through the ureteral conduit in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Biomedical Engineering; Bioreactors; Endothelial Cells; Epithelial Cells; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Transplantation; Male; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Swine; Tissue Engineering; Tissue Scaffolds
PubMed: 23584091
DOI: 10.1038/nm.3154 -
Biomatter 2013
Topics: Biocompatible Materials; Bioengineering; Biomedical Engineering; Drug Carriers; Humans
PubMed: 23917216
DOI: 10.4161/biom.25887 -
Advanced Biology Apr 2023Clinical lung transplantation has rapidly established itself as the gold standard of treatment for end-stage lung diseases in a restricted group of patients since the... (Review)
Review
Clinical lung transplantation has rapidly established itself as the gold standard of treatment for end-stage lung diseases in a restricted group of patients since the first successful lung transplant occurred. Although significant progress has been made in lung transplantation, there are still numerous obstacles on the path to clinical success. The development of bioartificial lung grafts using patient-derived cells may serve as an alternative treatment modality; however, challenges include developing appropriate scaffold materials, advanced culture strategies for lung-specific multiple cell populations, and fully matured constructs to ensure increased transplant lifetime following implantation. This review highlights the development of tissue-engineered tracheal and lung equivalents over the past two decades, key problems in lung transplantation in a clinical environment, the advancements made in scaffolds, bioprinting technologies, bioreactors, organoids, and organ-on-a-chip technologies. The review aims to fill the lacuna in existing literature toward a holistic bioartificial lung tissue, including trachea, capillaries, airways, bifurcating bronchioles, lung disease models, and their clinical translation. Herein, the efforts are on bridging the application of lung tissue engineering methods in a clinical environment as it is thought that tissue engineering holds enormous promise for overcoming the challenges associated with the clinical translation of bioengineered human lung and its components.
Topics: Humans; Tissue Engineering; Bioengineering; Lung; Biomedical Engineering; Lung Transplantation
PubMed: 36658734
DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200267 -
Circulation Research Jun 2022Cardiovascular defects, injuries, and degenerative diseases often require surgical intervention and the use of implantable replacement material and conduits. Traditional... (Review)
Review
Cardiovascular defects, injuries, and degenerative diseases often require surgical intervention and the use of implantable replacement material and conduits. Traditional vascular grafts made of synthetic polymers, animal and cadaveric tissues, or autologous vasculature have been utilized for almost a century with well-characterized outcomes, leaving areas of unmet need for the patients in terms of durability and long-term patency, susceptibility to infection, immunogenicity associated with the risk of rejection, and inflammation and mechanical failure. Research to address these limitations is exploring avenues as diverse as gene therapy, cell therapy, cell reprogramming, and bioengineering of human tissue and replacement organs. Tissue-engineered vascular conduits, either with viable autologous cells or decellularized, are the forefront of technology in cardiovascular reconstruction and offer many benefits over traditional graft materials, particularly in the potential for the implanted material to be adopted and remodeled into host tissue and thus offer safer, more durable performance. This review discusses the key advances and future directions in the field of surgical vascular repair, replacement, and reconstruction, with a focus on the challenges and expected benefits of bioengineering human tissues and blood vessels.
Topics: Animals; Bioengineering; Biomedical Engineering; Blood Vessel Prosthesis; Cardiovascular System; Humans; Tissue Engineering
PubMed: 35737757
DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.121.319984 -
Bioengineered 2015Organ transplantation can offer a curative option for patients with end stage organ failure. Unfortunately the treatment is severely limited by the availability of donor... (Review)
Review
Organ transplantation can offer a curative option for patients with end stage organ failure. Unfortunately the treatment is severely limited by the availability of donor organs. Organ bioengineering could provide a solution to the worldwide critical organ shortage. The majority of protocols to date have employed the use of decellularization-recellularization technology of naturally occurring tissues and organs with promising results in heart, lung, liver, pancreas, intestine and kidney engineering. Successful decellularization has provided researchers with suitable scaffolds to attempt cell reseeding. Future work will need to focus on the optimization of organ specific recellularization techniques before organ bioengineering can become clinically translatable. This review will examine the current progress in organ bioengineering and highlight future challenges in the field.
Topics: Animals; Batch Cell Culture Techniques; Bioartificial Organs; Biomedical Engineering; Humans; Organ Culture Techniques; Tissue Engineering; Tissue Scaffolds
PubMed: 26259720
DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2015.1081320 -
Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) Jan 2013Insect tracheal-respiratory systems achieve high fluxes and great dynamic range with low energy requirements and could be important models for bioengineers interested in... (Review)
Review
Insect tracheal-respiratory systems achieve high fluxes and great dynamic range with low energy requirements and could be important models for bioengineers interested in developing microfluidic systems. Recent advances suggest that insect cardiorespiratory systems have functional valves that permit compartmentalization with segment-specific pressures and flows and that system anatomy allows regional flows. Convection dominates over diffusion as a transport mechanism in the major tracheae, but Reynolds numbers suggest viscous effects remain important.
Topics: Animals; Biomedical Engineering; Grasshoppers; Microfluidics; Models, Animal; Respiration; Respiratory Physiological Phenomena
PubMed: 23280354
DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00043.2012