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Advances in Respiratory Medicine 2021Pulmonary blastoma is a rare malignancy, accounting for less than 0.5% of primary lung tumors. It belongs to the group of pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinomas, and it is... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Pulmonary blastoma is a rare malignancy, accounting for less than 0.5% of primary lung tumors. It belongs to the group of pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinomas, and it is typically characterized by a biphasic pattern of an epithelial and a mesenchymal component. Only a few hundred cases have been reported worldwide. The aim of this study is to review and critically assess the literature regarding pulmonary blastoma.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A narrative literature review of PubMed database from the inception of the database up to January 2021, limited to the English language, was conducted, using combinations of the following keywords: "pulmonary blastoma", "biphasic pulmonary blastoma", "sarcomatoid carcinoma".
RESULTS
Pulmonary blastoma is composed of an epithelial and a mesenchymal malignant component. Regarding pathogenesis, the origin of the biphasic cell population remains elusive. Characteristic immunohistochemical stains are supportive of diagnosis.Clinically, the symptomatology is non-specific, while 40% of the cases are asymptomatic. It is diagnosed at a younger agecompared to other types of lung cancer, and it is often non-metastatic at diagnosis allowing for surgical treatment. Data on management and survival are scarce and mainly come from isolated cases. Advances on targeted therapy may provide novel treatment options. Given the rarity of the cases, multicenter collaboration is needed in order to establish therapeutic guidelines.
Topics: Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Neoplasm Staging; Pulmonary Blastoma
PubMed: 34725809
DOI: 10.5603/ARM.a2021.0085 -
Cancer Imaging : the Official... Sep 2012Response Evaluation Criteria for Solid Tumours (RECIST) were introduced in 2000 to provide a standardized method for assessing response to treatments. The RECIST Working...
Response Evaluation Criteria for Solid Tumours (RECIST) were introduced in 2000 to provide a standardized method for assessing response to treatments. The RECIST Working Group has updated RECIST to Version 1.1.
Topics: Humans; Neoplasms; Radionuclide Imaging
PubMed: 23023096
DOI: 10.1102/1470-7330.2012.9011 -
Biomarkers in Medicine Mar 2017
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Cytological Techniques; Humans; Nanotechnology; Neoplasms; Precision Medicine
PubMed: 28240098
DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2017-0019 -
California Medicine Jul 1964
Review
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Drug Therapy; Humans; Leukemia; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Leukemia, Myeloid; Leukemia, Radiation-Induced; Neoplasms
PubMed: 14179529
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Neurosurgery. Pediatrics Sep 2022DICER1-mutant malignant brain neoplasms are very rare tumors, and published data have relied on case reports or small case series. In this review, the authors aimed to... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
DICER1-mutant malignant brain neoplasms are very rare tumors, and published data have relied on case reports or small case series. In this review, the authors aimed to systematically summarize the types and distribution patterns of DICER1 mutations, clinicopathological characteristics, and prognostic outcomes of these tumors.
METHODS
The authors searched PubMed and Web of Science for relevant studies. They included studies if they provided individual patient data of primary malignant brain tumors carrying DICER1 mutations.
RESULTS
The authors found 16 studies consisting of 9 embryonal tumors with multilayered rosettes (ETMRs), 30 pineoblastomas, 52 primary intracranial sarcomas, and 27 pituitary blastomas. Pineoblastoma, ETMR, and pituitary blastoma were more likely to carry DICER1 germline mutations, while only a small subset of primary intracranial sarcomas harbored these mutations (p < 0.001). Nearly 80% of tumors with germline mutations also had another somatic mutation in DICER1. ETMR and primary intracranial sarcoma were associated with an increased risk for tumor progression and relapse compared with pituitary blastoma and pineoblastoma (p = 0.0025), but overall survival (OS) was not significantly different. Gross-total resection (GTR) and radiotherapy administration were associated with prolonged OS.
CONCLUSIONS
ETMR, pineoblastoma, primary intracranial sarcoma, and pituitary blastoma should be considered rare phenotypes of the DICER1 syndrome, and families should be counseled and screened for associated tumors. ETMR and primary intracranial sarcoma had a higher risk of relapse. GTR and radiotherapy appeared to improve the OS of patients with DICER1-mutant malignant intracranial tumors.
PubMed: 35901678
DOI: 10.3171/2022.6.PEDS22119 -
Deutsches Arzteblatt International Nov 2010Primary brain tumors are among the ten most common causes of cancer-related death. There is no screening test for them, but timely diagnosis and treatment improve the... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Primary brain tumors are among the ten most common causes of cancer-related death. There is no screening test for them, but timely diagnosis and treatment improve the outcome. Ideally, treatment should be provided in a highly specialized center, but patients reach such centers only on the referral of their primary care physicians or other medical specialists from a wide variety of fields. An up-to-date account of basic knowledge in this area would thus seem desirable, as recent years have seen major developments both in the scientific understanding of these tumors and in clinical methods of diagnosis and treatment.
METHODS
Selective search of the pertinent literature (PubMed and Cochrane Library), including the guidelines of the German Societies of Neurosurgery, Neurology, and Radiotherapy.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION
Modern neuroradiological imaging, in particular magnetic resonance imaging, can show structural lesions at high resolution and provide a variety of biological and functional information, yet it is still no substitute for histological diagnosis. Gross total resection of gliomas significantly improves overall survival. New molecular markers can be used for prognostication. Chemotherapy plays a major role in the treatment of various different kinds of glioma. The median survival, however, generally remains poor, e.g., 14.6 months for glio-blastoma.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Astrocytoma; Brain; Brain Neoplasms; Cell Movement; Child; Combined Modality Therapy; Cross-Sectional Studies; Disease Progression; Female; Glioblastoma; Glioma; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Prognosis; Survival Analysis
PubMed: 21124703
DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2010.0799 -
International Journal of Molecular... Sep 2021With the advancement of nanotechnology, the nano-bio-interaction field has emerged. It is essential to enhance our understanding of nano-bio-interaction in different... (Review)
Review
With the advancement of nanotechnology, the nano-bio-interaction field has emerged. It is essential to enhance our understanding of nano-bio-interaction in different aspects to design nanomedicines and improve their efficacy for therapeutic and diagnostic applications. Many researchers have extensively studied the toxicological responses of cancer cells to nano-bio-interaction, while their mechanobiological responses have been less investigated. The mechanobiological properties of cells such as elasticity and adhesion play vital roles in cellular functions and cancer progression. Many studies have noticed the impacts of cellular uptake on the structural organization of cells and, in return, the mechanobiology of human cells. Mechanobiological changes induced by the interactions of nanomaterials and cells could alter cellular functions and influence cancer progression. Hence, in addition to biological responses, the possible mechanobiological responses of treated cells should be monitored as a standard methodology to evaluate the efficiency of nanomedicines. Studying the cancer-nano-interaction in the context of cell mechanics takes our knowledge one step closer to designing safe and intelligent nanomedicines. In this review, we briefly discuss how the characteristic properties of nanoparticles influence cellular uptake. Then, we provide insight into the mechanobiological responses that may occur during the nano-bio-interactions, and finally, the important measurement techniques for the mechanobiological characterizations of cells are summarized and compared. Understanding the unknown mechanobiological responses to nano-bio-interaction will help with developing the application of nanoparticles to modulate cell mechanics for controlling cancer progression.
Topics: Biological Transport; Humans; Nanoparticles; Neoplasms
PubMed: 34502495
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179587 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2018
Topics: Humans; Immunotherapy; Neoplasms; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 30254633
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02029 -
Bulletin Du Cancer Oct 2012Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinomas are a rare group of tumors accounting for about 1 % of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). In 2004, World Health Organization... (Review)
Review
Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinomas are a rare group of tumors accounting for about 1 % of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). In 2004, World Health Organization classification united under this name all the carcinomas with sarcomatous or sarcomatous-like component with spindle cell or giant cell appearance. There are five subtypes: spindle cell carcinoma, giant cell carcinoma, pleomorphic carcinoma, carcino-sarcoma and pulmonary blastoma. Clinical characteristics are not specific from the others subtypes of NSCLC. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition pathway may play a key role. Patients are frequently symptomatic. Tumors are voluminous more often peripherical than central, with strong fixation on FDG TEP CT. Distant metastasis are frequent with atypical locations such as peritoneal or retroperitoneal sites. These tumors have poorer prognosis than the other NSCLC subtypes because of great aggressivity, and frequent chemoresistance. Here, we present a review of litterature in order to better describe these tumors.
Topics: Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Giant Cell; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Carcinosarcoma; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Prognosis; Pulmonary Blastoma; Rare Diseases; Tumor Burden
PubMed: 22889810
DOI: 10.1684/bdc.2012.1619 -
Bioconjugate Chemistry Mar 2020Enzymatic reactions and self-assembly are two fundamental attributes of cells. It is not surprising that one can use enzyme-instructed self-assembly (EISA)-the... (Review)
Review
Enzymatic reactions and self-assembly are two fundamental attributes of cells. It is not surprising that one can use enzyme-instructed self-assembly (EISA)-the integration of enzymatic transformation and molecular self-assembly-to modulate the emergent properties of supramolecular assemblies for controlling cell behaviors. The exploration of EISA for developing cancer therapy and imaging has made considerable progress over the last five years. In this Topical Review, we discuss these exciting results and the future promise of EISA. After describing several key studies to illustrate the progress of EISA in developing cancer therapy, we discuss the use of EISA for molecular imaging. Then, we give the outlook of EISA for developing supramolecular anticancer medicine that inhibits multiple hallmark capabilities of cancer.
Topics: Animals; Enzymes; Humans; Molecular Imaging; Neoplasms
PubMed: 31995365
DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00025