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Current Opinion in Psychology Feb 2021Even though the borderline concept has historically been intertwined with psychosis, psychotic symptoms in people with borderline personality disorder (BPD) have long... (Review)
Review
Even though the borderline concept has historically been intertwined with psychosis, psychotic symptoms in people with borderline personality disorder (BPD) have long been marginalized as somehow not real, transient, or 'pseudo' in nature. Dispelling this myth, we summarize recent research indicating that (a) psychotic symptoms in general and auditory verbal hallucinations in particular in people with BPD show more similarities than differences with those symptoms in people with psychotic disorders, and (b) that the co-occurrence of BPD and psychotic symptoms is a marker of severe psychopathology and of risk for poor outcome (e.g. suicidality). We propose the period from puberty to the mid-20s, when both BPD and psychotic features usually emerge for the first time, constitutes a critical time window for early intervention to prevent the development of severe mental disorders in the future. Implications for the treatment of psychotic symptoms in BPD and future research directions in this field are discussed.
Topics: Borderline Personality Disorder; Hallucinations; Humans; Psychopathology; Psychotic Disorders
PubMed: 32771980
DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2020.07.003 -
Drug and Alcohol Review Jul 2017Drinking alcohol before sex increases the likelihood of engaging in unprotected intercourse, having multiple sexual partners and becoming infected with sexually...
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS
Drinking alcohol before sex increases the likelihood of engaging in unprotected intercourse, having multiple sexual partners and becoming infected with sexually transmitted infections. Borderline personality disorder (BPD), a complex psychiatric disorder characterised by pervasive instability in emotional regulation, self-image, interpersonal relationships and impulse control, is associated with substance use disorders and sexual risk behaviours. However, no study has examined the relationship between BPD and drinking alcohol before sex in the USA. This study examined the association between BPD and regularly drinking before sex in a nationally representative adult sample.
DESIGN AND METHODS
Participants were 17 491 sexually active drinkers from Wave 2 of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Logistic regression models estimated effects of BPD diagnosis, specific borderline diagnostic criteria and BPD criterion count on the likelihood of regularly (mostly or always) drinking alcohol before sex, adjusted for controls.
RESULTS
Borderline personality disorder diagnosis doubled the odds of regularly drinking before sex [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.26; confidence interval (CI) = 1.63, 3.14]. Of nine diagnostic criteria, impulsivity in areas that are self-damaging remained a significant predictor of regularly drinking before sex (AOR = 1.82; CI = 1.42, 2.35). The odds of regularly drinking before sex increased by 20% for each endorsed criterion (AOR = 1.20; CI = 1.14, 1.27) DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to examine the relationship between BPD and regularly drinking alcohol before sex in the USA. Substance misuse treatment should assess regularly drinking before sex, particularly among patients with BPD, and BPD treatment should assess risk at the intersection of impulsivity, sexual behaviour and substance use. [Thompson Jr RG, Eaton NR, Hu M-C, Hasin DS Borderline personality disorder and regularly drinking alcohol before sex Drug Alcohol Rev 2017;36:540-545].
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Borderline Personality Disorder; Female; Humans; Impulsive Behavior; Male; Middle Aged; Sexual Behavior; Sexual Partners; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Surveys and Questionnaires; Unsafe Sex; Young Adult
PubMed: 28321919
DOI: 10.1111/dar.12476 -
Personality and Mental Health Aug 2017Prevalence data on self-mutilation and suicide attempts for adolescent borderline personality disorder (BPD) are currently not available. The purpose of this paper was...
OBJECTIVE
Prevalence data on self-mutilation and suicide attempts for adolescent borderline personality disorder (BPD) are currently not available. The purpose of this paper was to determine the frequency and methods of two forms of physically self-destructive acts (i.e. self-mutilation and suicide attempts) reported by adolescent borderline inpatients in one of the largest samples to date and to compare these results with a similarly diagnosed and assessed group of adult borderline inpatients.
METHODS
A total of 104 adolescent inpatients with BPD and 290 adult inpatients with BPD were interviewed about their lifetime history of physically self-destructive acts.
RESULTS
The overall rates of self-mutilation (about 90%) and suicide attempts (about 75%) were similar during index admission for both adolescent and adult borderline patients. However, adolescents reported significantly higher rates of extreme levels of lifetime self-mutilation (e.g. >25 and >50 episodes) and cutting in particular, as compared with adult BPD. In contrast, borderline adults were significantly more likely to report a history of numerous (five or more) suicide attempts than adolescents with BPD.
CONCLUSIONS
Self-mutilation and suicide attempts among adolescent borderline patients are prevalent and serious. Taken together, these results suggest that extreme levels of self-mutilation distinguish adolescent BPD from adults with BPD. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Borderline Personality Disorder; Female; Humans; Inpatients; Male; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Psychology, Adolescent; Self Mutilation; Suicide, Attempted
PubMed: 28544496
DOI: 10.1002/pmh.1375 -
Journal of Trauma & Dissociation : the... 2020Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a serious psychiatric illness, and it is often associated with dissociative symptoms. The purpose of this study was to assess...
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a serious psychiatric illness, and it is often associated with dissociative symptoms. The purpose of this study was to assess the course of depersonalization and derealization symptoms in recovered and non-recovered borderline patients over 20 years of prospective follow-up. The Dysphoric Affect Scale (DAS) - a 50-item self-report measure was administered to 290 borderline inpatients at baseline, and the remaining participants (85%) at 10 follow-up interviews conducted over 20 years. The level of depersonalization and derealization experienced by borderline patients was assessed using three items (feeling unreal, feeling completely numb, and feeling like people and things aren't real) from the DAS. The patients who recovered from BPD reported significantly lower scores in all three inner states (62 - 63%) at baseline compared to those patients who did not recover. Furthermore, scores of recovered and non-recovered groups decreased significantly in all three inner states studied over 20 years of prospective follow-up. Overall, these results suggest that the severity of depersonalization and derealization symptoms decreased significantly over 20 years of prospective follow-up and had a strong association with BPD recovery status.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Borderline Personality Disorder; Depersonalization; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Prospective Studies; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Severity of Illness Index
PubMed: 32000616
DOI: 10.1080/15299732.2020.1719259 -
Ecancermedicalscience 2015Borderline ovarian tumours are low malignant potential tumours. They represent 10-15% of all epithelial ovarian malignancies. Patients with this type of tumour are... (Review)
Review
Borderline ovarian tumours are low malignant potential tumours. They represent 10-15% of all epithelial ovarian malignancies. Patients with this type of tumour are younger at the time of diagnosis than patients with invasive ovarian cancer. Most of them are diagnosed in the early stages and have an excellent prognosis. It has been quite clearly established that the majority of borderline ovarian tumours should be managed with surgery alone. Because a high proportion of women with this malignancy are young and the prognosis is excellent, the preservation of fertility is an important issue in the management of these tumours. In this systemic review of the literature, we have evaluated in-depth oncological safety and reproductive outcomes in women with borderline ovarian tumours treated with fertility-sparing surgery, reviewing the indications, benefits, and disadvantages of each type of conservative surgery, as well as new alternative options to surgery to preserve fertility.
PubMed: 25729420
DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2015.507 -
Journal of Personality Disorders Jun 2021Symptomatic disorders often co-occur with borderline personality disorder (BPD). This study's purpose was to compare the rates of comorbidity reported by adult and...
Symptomatic disorders often co-occur with borderline personality disorder (BPD). This study's purpose was to compare the rates of comorbidity reported by adult and adolescent inpatients with BPD, including complex comorbidity (i.e., a combination of disorders of affect and impulsivity). One hundred four adolescents (aged 13-17) and 290 adults (aged 18-35) with BPD were interviewed using an age-appropriate semistructured interview for the assessment of symptomatic disorders. Lifetime rates of mood disorders and ADHD were quite similar for the two study groups. However, rates of anxiety disorders, including PTSD, substance use disorders, eating disorders, and complex comorbidity were significantly higher among adults than adolescents. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that broadly defined disorders of both affect and impulsivity are more common among adults than adolescents with BPD. They also suggest that a pattern of complex comorbidity is even more distinguishing for these two groups of borderline patients.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anxiety Disorders; Borderline Personality Disorder; Comorbidity; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Humans; Impulsive Behavior
PubMed: 33779275
DOI: 10.1521/pedi_2021_35_502 -
Zeitschrift Fur Kinder- Und... Nov 2017Self-injurious behavior (SIB) is a widespread phenomenon among adolescent psychiatric inpatients. It is also reported among delinquent adolescents detained in...
OBJECTIVE
Self-injurious behavior (SIB) is a widespread phenomenon among adolescent psychiatric inpatients. It is also reported among delinquent adolescents detained in correctional facilities. While previous studies have addressed different functions of SIB within offender populations, here we investigate particular patterns of borderline personality pathology and psychopathology underlying SIB in both adolescent psychiatric inpatients and detainees.
METHOD
Adolescent psychiatric inpatients and detainees were recruited consecutively. Participants completed self-reports on SIB, suicidal thoughts and behavior, borderline personality pathology, and general psychopathology. Predictors of lifetime SIB by group were analyzed.
RESULTS
Psychiatric inpatients (n = 77) and detainees (n = 50) did not differ with respect to lifetime SIB (57.14 % versus 54.00 %), whereas SIB within the past year did (67.53 % versus 14 %; χ2 = 6.158, p = .013). Psychiatric inpatients reported greater emotional problems (t = 5.109, p < .0001) and greater borderline personality pathology. Those with lifetime SIB were characterized by greater emotional problems and borderline personality pathology, independent of their group. Results from regression analyses suggest no group-specific predictors of lifetime SIB.
CONCLUSIONS
Although psychiatric inpatients endorse greater psychopathological distress, lifetime SIB among adolescent psychiatric inpatients and detainees is associated with similar patterns of psychopathology and borderline personality pathology.
Topics: Adolescent; Affective Symptoms; Borderline Personality Disorder; Comorbidity; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Germany; Humans; Inpatients; Juvenile Delinquency; Male; Prisoners; Psychopathology; Risk Factors; Self-Injurious Behavior; Young Adult
PubMed: 29082787
DOI: 10.1024/1422-4917/a000549 -
Women's Health (London, England) 2023Emotion dysregulation is increasingly recognized as highly prevalent and impairing in autistic individuals. Yet, a large majority of studies have considered emotion... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
BACKGROUND
Emotion dysregulation is increasingly recognized as highly prevalent and impairing in autistic individuals. Yet, a large majority of studies have considered emotion dysregulation in youth only, and most of them did not consider sex differences in emotion dysregulation manifestation.
OBJECTIVES
In the present study, we aim to investigate sex differences relative to emotion dysregulation in autistic adults without intellectual disability as well as its relationship with different factors potentially involved in emotion dysregulation (e.g. camouflaging, alexithymia, suicidality, quality of life). Self-reported emotion dysregulation will be assessed in autistic adults but also in females with borderline personality disorder, given that emotion dysregulation is particularly enhanced in this population.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional, prospective, controlled.
METHODS
Twenty-eight autistic females, 22 autistic males and 24 females with borderline personality disorder were recruited from a dialectical behavior therapy program waiting list. They completed several self-report questionnaires measuring emotion dysregulation, alexithymia, suicidality, quality of life, camouflaging borderline symptoms and autism severity.
RESULTS
Most emotion dysregulation subscale scores and alexithymia scores were heightened in autistic females compared to females with borderline personality disorder and, to a lesser extent, compared to autistic males. Independently of borderline personality disorder symptoms, emotion dysregulation was related to alexithymia and poorer psychological health in autistic females, whereas it was mostly related to autism severity, poorer physical health and living conditions in autistic males.
CONCLUSION
Our results suggest that emotion dysregulation is a major difficulty of autistic adults without intellectual disability eligible for dialectical behavior therapy, and this is especially the case for autistic females. There seem to be different sex-specific factors involved in emotion dysregulation found in autistic adults, which highlight the need to target-specific domains (e.g. alexithymia) in the treatment of emotion dysregulation in autistic females. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04737707 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04737707.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Female; Humans; Male; Autistic Disorder; Borderline Personality Disorder; Cross-Sectional Studies; Emotions; Intellectual Disability; Prospective Studies; Quality of Life
PubMed: 37218688
DOI: 10.1177/17455057231174763 -
Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience Mar 2012Individuals with borderline personality disorder are diagnostically and clinically characterized by self-harm behavior, as indicated by the criterion in the Diagnostic...
Individuals with borderline personality disorder are diagnostically and clinically characterized by self-harm behavior, as indicated by the criterion in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition, Text Revision, "recurrent suicidal behavior, gestures, or threats, or self-mutilating behavior." However, individuals with borderline personality disorder can display externalized aggressive behavior, as well. In an area characterized by considerably less research, empirical evidence indicates that individuals with borderline personality disorder may exhibit physical violence toward partners, physical violence toward known but nonintimate individuals, criminal behaviors that embody externalized violence (e.g., property damage), and, on very rare occasion, murderous behavior (either of family members or anonymous others through serial killing). Given this under-researched area, there are probably other types of externalized aggressive behaviors that have not been empirically revealed. However, externalized aggressive behaviors in individuals with borderline personality disorder clearly exist and need to be assessed in both psychiatric and primary care settings in an effort to promote safety of medical personnel and effective patient management.
PubMed: 22567607
DOI: No ID Found -
Scientific Reports Jul 2023Parental burnout is a severe disorder resulting from the exposure to chronic stress in the parental role, that can translate into neglectful and violent parental...
Parental burnout is a severe disorder resulting from the exposure to chronic stress in the parental role, that can translate into neglectful and violent parental behaviors towards the offspring. This study (N = 1003 parents) aims to examine the relative weight of parental burnout, job burnout, depression, generalized anxiety disorder, borderline personality, sadism, psychopathy, Machiavellianism, narcissism, and child abuse potential, in predicting violence and neglect towards the offspring. Social desirability was controlled. When all predictors are entered together in the model, violence and neglect towards the offspring are best predicted by borderline personality and parental burnout. Our results also indicate that sadism is a robust predictor of violence, however weaker than parental burnout and borderline personality. These results emphasize the importance of preventing parental burnout and supporting parents with borderline personality.
Topics: Child; Humans; Borderline Personality Disorder; Child Abuse; Parents; Burnout, Psychological; Personality
PubMed: 37500720
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39310-3