-
Infection and Immunity Nov 1999We describe here a side-by-side comparison of murine respiratory infection by Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella bronchiseptica strains whose genomes are currently... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
We describe here a side-by-side comparison of murine respiratory infection by Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella bronchiseptica strains whose genomes are currently being sequenced (Tohama I and RB50, respectively). B. pertussis and B. bronchiseptica are most appropriately classified as subspecies. Their high degree of genotypic and phenotypic relatedness facilitates comparative studies of pathogenesis. RB50 and Tohama I differ in their abilities to grow in the nose, trachea, and lungs of BALB/c mice and to induce apoptosis, lung pathology, and an antibody response. To focus on the interactions between the bacteria and particular aspects of the host immune response, we used mice with specific immune defects. Mice lacking B cells and T cells were highly susceptible to B. bronchiseptica and were killed by intranasal inoculation with doses as low as 500 CFU. These mice were not killed by B. pertussis, even when doses as high as 10(5) CFU were delivered to the lungs. B. bronchiseptica, which was highly resistant to naive serum in vitro, caused bacteremia in these immunodeficient mice, while B. pertussis, which was highly sensitive to naive serum, did not cause bacteremia. B. bronchiseptica was, however, killed by immune serum in vitro, and adoptive transfer of anti-Bordetella antibodies protected SCID-beige mice from B. bronchiseptica lethal infection. Neutropenic mice were similarly killed by B. bronchiseptica but not B. pertussis infection, suggesting neutrophils are critical to the early inflammatory response to the former but not the latter. B. bronchiseptica was dramatically more active than B. pertussis in mediating the lysis of J774 cells in vitro and in inducing apoptosis of inflammatory cells in mouse lungs. This side-by-side comparison describes phenotypic differences that may be correlated with genetic differences in the comparative analysis of the genomes of these two highly related organisms.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Bacterial; Apoptosis; Blood Bactericidal Activity; Bordetella Infections; Bordetella bronchiseptica; Bordetella pertussis; Cells, Cultured; Female; Genome, Bacterial; Lung; Lymphocytes; Macrophages; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Neutrophils; Rabbits; Respiratory Tract Infections; Virulence
PubMed: 10531274
DOI: 10.1128/IAI.67.11.6109-6118.1999 -
Microbiology Spectrum Jun 2023The classical species infect the respiratory tract of mammals. While B. bronchiseptica causes rather chronic respiratory infections in a variety of mammals, the...
The classical species infect the respiratory tract of mammals. While B. bronchiseptica causes rather chronic respiratory infections in a variety of mammals, the human-adapted species B. pertussis and cause an acute respiratory disease known as whooping cough or pertussis. The virulence factors include a type III secretion system (T3SS) that translocates effectors BteA and BopN into host cells. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying the secretion and translocation activity of T3SS in bordetellae are largely unknown. We have solved the crystal structure of BopN of B. pertussis and show that it is similar to the structures of gatekeepers that control access to the T3SS channel from the bacterial cytoplasm. We further found that BopN accumulates at the cell periphery at physiological concentrations of calcium ions (2 mM) that inhibit the secretion of BteA and BopN. Deletion of the gene in B. bronchiseptica increased secretion of the BteA effector into calcium-rich medium but had no effect on secretion of the T3SS translocon components BopD and BopB. Moreover, the Δ mutant secreted approximately 10-fold higher amounts of BteA into the medium of infected cells than the wild-type bacteria, but it translocated lower amounts of BteA into the host cell cytoplasm. These data demonstrate that BopN is a T3SS gatekeeper required for regulated and targeted translocation of the BteA effector through the T3SS injectisome into host cells. The T3SS is utilized by many Gram-negative bacteria to deliver effector proteins from bacterial cytosol directly into infected host cell cytoplasm in a regulated and targeted manner. Pathogenic bordetellae use the T3SS to inject the BteA and BopN proteins into infected cells and upregulate the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) to evade host immunity. Previous studies proposed that BopN acted as an effector in host cells. In this study, we report that BopN is a T3SS gatekeeper that regulates the secretion and translocation activity of T3SS.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Type III Secretion Systems; Whooping Cough; Calcium; Bordetella pertussis; Virulence Factors; Bacterial Proteins; Mammals
PubMed: 37036369
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04112-22 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Dec 2016Bordetella hinzii is known to cause respiratory disease in poultry and has been associated with a variety of infections in immunocompromised humans. In addition, there...
Bordetella hinzii is known to cause respiratory disease in poultry and has been associated with a variety of infections in immunocompromised humans. In addition, there are several reports of B. hinzii infections in laboratory-raised mice. Here we sequenced and analysed the complete genome sequences of multiple B. hinzii-like isolates, obtained from vendor-supplied C57BL/6 mice in animal research facilities on different continents, and we determined their taxonomic relationship to other Bordetella species. The whole-genome based and 16S rRNA gene based phylogenies each identified two separate clades in B. hinzii, one was composed of strains isolated from poultry, humans and a rabbit whereas the other clade was restricted to isolates from mice. Distinctly different estimated DNA-DNA hybridization values, average nucleotide identity scores, gene content, metabolic profiles and host specificity all provide compelling evidence for delineation of the two species, B. hinzii - from poultry, humans and rabbit - and Bordetella pseudohinzii sp. nov. type strain 8-296-03T (=NRRL B-59942T=NCTC 13808T) that infect mice.
Topics: Animals; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; Bordetella; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Humans; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phylogeny; Poultry; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Rabbits; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 27707434
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.001540 -
International Journal of Molecular... Sep 2020Whooping cough is a highly contagious disease caused predominantly by , but it also comprises of a pertussis-like illness caused by . The virulence factors of and their...
Whooping cough is a highly contagious disease caused predominantly by , but it also comprises of a pertussis-like illness caused by . The virulence factors of and their role in the pathogenesis remain unknown. Lipopolysaccharide is the main surface antigen of all . Data on the structural features of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of are scarce. The poly- and oligosaccharide components released by mild acidic hydrolysis of the LPS were separated and investigated by H and C NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and chemical methods. The structures of the O-specific polysaccharide and the core oligosaccharide of ATCC 51541 have been identified for the first time. The novel pentasaccharide repeating unit of the O-specific polysaccharide has the following structure: {→2)-α-l-Rha-(1→6)-α-d-Glc-(1→4)-[β-d-GlcNAc-(1→3]-α-d-Gal-(1→3)-α-d-GlcNAc-(1→}. The SDS-PAGE and serological cross-reactivities of the LPS suggested the similarity between the core oligosaccharides of ATCC 51541 and strain 606. The main oligosaccharide fraction contained a nonasaccharide. The comparative analysis of the NMR spectra of core oligosaccharide fraction with this of the strain 606 indicated that the investigated core oligosaccharides were identical.
Topics: Bordetella; Lipopolysaccharides; Mass Spectrometry; O Antigens; Oligosaccharides; Whooping Cough
PubMed: 32899371
DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176433 -
BMC Genomics Sep 2016The genus Bordetella consists of nine species that include important respiratory pathogens such as the 'classical' species B. bronchiseptica, B. pertussis and B....
BACKGROUND
The genus Bordetella consists of nine species that include important respiratory pathogens such as the 'classical' species B. bronchiseptica, B. pertussis and B. parapertussis and six more distantly related and less extensively studied species. Here we analyze sequence diversity and gene content of 128 genome sequences from all nine species with focus on the evolution of virulence-associated factors.
RESULTS
Both genome-wide sequence-based and gene content-based phylogenetic trees divide the genus into three species clades. The phylogenies are congruent between species suggesting genus-wide co-evolution of sequence diversity and gene content, but less correlated within species, mainly because of strain-specific presence of many different prophages. We compared the genomes with focus on virulence-associated genes and identified multiple clade-specific, species-specific and strain-specific events of gene acquisition and gene loss, including genes encoding O-antigens, protein secretion systems and bacterial toxins. Gene loss was more frequent than gene gain throughout the evolution, and loss of hundreds of genes was associated with the origin of several species, including the recently evolved human-restricted B. pertussis and B. holmesii, B. parapertussis and the avian pathogen B. avium.
CONCLUSIONS
Acquisition and loss of multiple genes drive the evolution and speciation in the genus Bordetella, including large scale gene loss associated with the origin of several species. Recent loss and functional inactivation of genes, including those encoding pertussis vaccine components and bacterial toxins, in individual strains emphasize ongoing evolution.
Topics: Animals; Bacterial Secretion Systems; Bordetella; Bordetella Infections; Datasets as Topic; Evolution, Molecular; Genes, Bacterial; Genetic Variation; Genome, Bacterial; Genomics; Genotype; Humans; Multilocus Sequence Typing; Phylogeny; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Virulence Factors
PubMed: 27716057
DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-3112-5 -
The Journal of International Medical... Jan 2024An increasing number of reports have described the pathogenic nature of several non-classical spp. Among them, and have been implicated in a myriad of...
An increasing number of reports have described the pathogenic nature of several non-classical spp. Among them, and have been implicated in a myriad of respiratory-associated infections in humans and animals. We report the isolation of a genetically close relative of and from the sputum of a woman in her early 60s with extensive bronchiectasis who presented with fever and brown colored sputum. The isolate had initially been identified as by API 20NE, the identification system for non-enteric Gram-negative rod bacteria. Sequencing of the 16S rDNA, , , and genes used in the multilocus sequence typing scheme could not resolve the identity of this isolate. Whole-genome single nucleotide polymorphism analysis positioned the isolate between and in the phylogenetic tree, forming a distinct cluster. Whole-genome sequencing enabled the further identification of this rare organism, and should be considered for wider applications, especially the confirmation of organism identity in the clinical diagnostic microbiology laboratory.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Female; Bordetella Infections; Phylogeny; Bordetella; Bronchiectasis; Respiratory Tract Infections
PubMed: 38216150
DOI: 10.1177/03000605231214464 -
Infection and Immunity Nov 1991Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella bronchiseptica were both able to grow in iron-deficient medium when supplemented with iron-saturated human lactoferrin or transferrin...
Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella bronchiseptica were both able to grow in iron-deficient medium when supplemented with iron-saturated human lactoferrin or transferrin but not with human apotransferrin. Direct contact between the transferrins and the Bordetella cells did not appear to be required for growth but considerably improved the growth of the organisms. Analysis of B. pertussis and B. bronchiseptica whole-cell lysates from cultures carried out in iron-deficient or iron-replete media revealed iron-repressible proteins (IRPs) of 27 kDa in B. pertussis and of 30, 32, 73.5, and 79.5 kDa in B. bronchiseptica. Iron-inducible proteins of 16, 23.5, 36.5, and 92.5 kDa and of 17, 23.5, 70, 84, and 91 kDa were also identified in B. pertussis and B. bronchiseptica, respectively. By use of affinity chromatography with iron-saturated human lactoferrin or transferrin as ligands, the 27- and 32-kDa IRPs from B. pertussis and B. bronchiseptica, respectively, were specifically isolated. By using iron-chelated affinity columns, we showed that these proteins exhibit an affinity for iron. Cell fractionation experiments indicated that both of these proteins are probably associated with the outer membrane. Growth of the organisms under modulating conditions showed that the production of these IRPs is not under the genetic transcriptional control of vir or bvg, the general virulence regulon in Bordetella spp.
Topics: Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; Bordetella bronchiseptica; Bordetella pertussis; Carrier Proteins; Chromatography, Affinity; Iron; Iron-Binding Proteins; Lactoferrin; Molecular Weight; Transferrin; Transferrin-Binding Proteins
PubMed: 1937757
DOI: 10.1128/iai.59.11.3982-3988.1991 -
Archives of Razi Institute Jun 2020Bordetellosis or turkey coryza, caused by Bordetella avium, has been an issue for turkey industry since its first description in 1967 when it was reported for the first...
Bordetellosis or turkey coryza, caused by Bordetella avium, has been an issue for turkey industry since its first description in 1967 when it was reported for the first time. Bordetella avium causes a highly contagious upper respiratory disease in turkeys. Therefore, this study aimed to isolate and characterize this species from commercial and backyard turkeys in Tehran, Isfahan, and Northern provinces of Iran. For the purpose of the study, 625 tracheal swabs were taken from 425 commercial poults and 200 backyard poults aged 2-6 weeks from September 2016 to September 2018. The swabs were immediately plated on MacConkey and blood agar plates and then pooled (5 swabs/pool) in tubes, containing 2 mL distilled water, to perform direct polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the identification of B. avium. A total of 17 swab pools were found to be positive for B. avium. A subset of seven positive samples were sequenced for the flanking region of piuA gene. The analysis of the sequences indicated that the sequences were 98%, 96%, and 98% similar to B. avium 197N (AM167904.1), 4142 (AY925058.1), and 4156 (AY925068.1) sequences, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, the current study is the first attempt toward the molecular detection and characterization of B. avium in Iran. It is highly recommended to perform further studies to isolate, characterize, and differentiate the regional isolates in order to help the developing turkey industry of Iran meet the increasing demands for protein in the diet of the citizenry.
Topics: Animals; Bordetella Infections; Bordetella avium; Iran; Poultry Diseases; Turkeys
PubMed: 32621446
DOI: 10.22092/ari.2019.124680.1285 -
Epidemiology and Infection Aug 2020Bordetella bronchiseptica is a potential zoonotic pathogen, which mainly causes respiratory diseases in humans and a variety of animal species. B. bronchiseptica is one...
Bordetella bronchiseptica is a potential zoonotic pathogen, which mainly causes respiratory diseases in humans and a variety of animal species. B. bronchiseptica is one of the important pathogens isolated from rabbits in Fujian Province. However, the knowledge of the epidemiology and characteristics of the B. bronchiseptica in rabbits in Fujian Province is largely unknown. In this study, 219 B. bronchiseptica isolates recovered from lung samples of dead rabbits with respiratory diseases in Fujian Province were characterised by multi-locus sequencing typing, screening virulence genes and testing antimicrobial susceptibility. The results showed that the 219 isolates were typed into 11 sequence types (STs) including five known STs (ST6, ST10, ST12, ST14 and ST33) and six new STs (ST88, ST89, ST90, ST91, ST92 and ST93) and the ST33 (30.14%, 66/219), ST14 (26.94%, 59/219) and ST12 (16.44%, 36/219) were the three most prevalent STs. Surprisingly, all the 219 isolates carried the five virulence genes (fhaB, prn, cyaA, dnt and bteA) in the polymerase chain reaction screening. Moreover, the isolates were resistant to cefixime, ceftizoxime, cefatriaxone and ampicillin at rates of 33.33%, 31.05%, 11.87% and 3.20%, respectively. This study showed the genetic diversity of B. bronchiseptica in rabbits in Fujian Province, and the colonisation of the human-associated ST12 strain in rabbits in Fujian Province. The results might be useful for monitoring the epidemic strains, developing preventive methods and preventing the transmission of epidemic strains from rabbits to humans.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bordetella Infections; Bordetella bronchiseptica; China; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Genetic Variation; Phylogeny; Rabbits; Respiratory Tract Diseases
PubMed: 32829720
DOI: 10.1017/S0950268820001879 -
Microbiological Reviews Dec 1980
Review
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antigens, Bacterial; Bacterial Toxins; Bordetella; Bordetella Infections; Humans; Respiratory Tract Infections
PubMed: 7010115
DOI: 10.1128/mr.44.4.722-738.1980