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Revista Chilena de Infectologia :... Feb 2021
Topics: Actinomycetales Infections; Brevibacterium; Humans
PubMed: 33844798
DOI: 10.4067/S0716-10182021000100099 -
Brazilian Journal of Microbiology :... Dec 2020Cellular response against different heavy metal stress differs with the metal. Arsenic and chromium are heavy metals and toxic to living systems. The concentration of...
Cellular response against different heavy metal stress differs with the metal. Arsenic and chromium are heavy metals and toxic to living systems. The concentration of these metals in seawater is very low. However, due to their solubility in nature, they actively enter cells via various transport mechanisms and cause damage to the cells. Brevibacterium casei #NIOSBA88, a marine-derived, gram-positive isolate was multi-metal tolerant. Proteomic analysis of this isolate in response to arsenic and chromium resulted in the identification of total 2549 proteins, out of which 880 proteins were found to be commonly expressed at 750 mgL arsenic and 100 mgL chromium and in absence of both the metals. In contrast, 533, 212, and 270 proteins were found to be unique in the absence of any metal, 750 mgL of arsenic and 100 mgL of chromium respectively. Proteins such as antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase, ArsR family transcriptional regulator, cytochrome C oxidase subunit II, and thioredoxin reductase were exclusively expressed only in response to arsenic and chromium. Other proteins like superoxide dismutase, lipid hydroperoxide reductase, and thioredoxin-disulfide reductase were found to be upregulated in response to both the metals. Most of the proteins involved in the normal cell functioning were found to be downregulated. Major metabolic functions affected include amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, translation, and energy metabolism. Peptide mass fingerprinting of Brevibacterium casei #NIOSBA88 exposed to arsenic and chromium respectively revealed the deleterious effect of these metals on the bacterium and its strategy to overcome the stress.
Topics: Arsenic; Bacterial Proteins; Brevibacterium; Chromium; Proteomics
PubMed: 32729030
DOI: 10.1007/s42770-020-00353-7 -
Journal of Community Hospital Internal... 2022is an extremely rare organism that can lead to peritonitis in End-stage renal disease patients of peritoneal dialysis. Out of only five overall species peritonitis...
is an extremely rare organism that can lead to peritonitis in End-stage renal disease patients of peritoneal dialysis. Out of only five overall species peritonitis reported worldwide, only two of them had subspecies peritonitis detected, with both needing peritoneal dialysis catheter removal and change in dialysis modality to hemodialysis. Our patient, an elderly 63-year-old Hispanic male, was on peritoneal dialysis at home and presented with features suggestive of peritonitis. He was diagnosed subsequently with and started on broad spectrum intraperitoneal antibiotics. However, he did not need dialysis modality change and recovered fully after 3 weeks of appropriate intraperitoneal antibiotics therapy. Longer antibiotics therapy and frequent clinical follow-up plus better clinician awareness are needed to prevent this rare infection.
PubMed: 35711868
DOI: 10.55729/2000-9666.1012 -
Brazilian Journal of Microbiology :... Jun 2020Despite its low virulence potential and a commensal lifestyle as a member of the human skin microbiota, Brevibacterium casei has been increasingly reported as an...
Despite its low virulence potential and a commensal lifestyle as a member of the human skin microbiota, Brevibacterium casei has been increasingly reported as an opportunistic pathogen, especially in immunocompromised patients. Here, we present the draft genome sequence of the S51 strain isolated from a bloodstream infection. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of the draft genome sequence of the B. casei strain isolated from the clinical infection. The strain was identified using phenotypic and molecular methods and subsequently sequenced using the next-generation sequencing. The draft whole genome was assembled de novo, automatically annotated by Rapid Annotations using Subsystems Technology (RAST) server and scrutinized to predict the presence of virulence, resistance, and stress response proteins. The genome size of the S51 strain was 3,743,532 bp and an average G+C content was 68.3%. The predicted genes included 48 genes involved in resistance to antibiotics (including vancomycin, fluoroquinolones, and beta-lactams) and toxic compounds (heavy metals), 16 genes involved in invasion and intracellular resistance (Mycobacterium virulence operons), and 94 genes involved in stress response (osmotic, oxidative stress, cold and heat shock). ResFinder has indicated the presence of a beta-lactamase, and a phenotypic analysis showed resistance to penicillin. This whole-genome NGS project for the S51strain has been deposited at EMBL/GenBank under the accession no. QNGF00000000.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteremia; Base Composition; Brevibacterium; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Genome, Bacterial; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Virulence; Whole Genome Sequencing
PubMed: 32067212
DOI: 10.1007/s42770-020-00236-x -
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy =... May 2023Biosurfactants having surface-active biomolecules have been the cynosure in environment research due to their vast application. However, the lack of information about...
Biosurfactants having surface-active biomolecules have been the cynosure in environment research due to their vast application. However, the lack of information about their low-cost production and detailed mechanistic biocompatibility limits the applicability. The study explores techniques for the production and design of low-cost, biodegradable, and non-toxic biosurfactants from Brevibacterium casei strain LS14 and excavates the mechanistic details of their biomedical properties like antibacterial effects and biocompatibility. Taguchi's design of experiment was used to optimize for enhancing biosurfactant production by optimal factor combinations like Waste glycerol (1%v/v), peptone (1%w/v), NaCl 0.4% (w/v), and pH 6. Under optimal conditions, the purified biosurfactant reduced the surface tension to 35 mN/m from 72.8 mN/m (MSM) and a critical micelle concentration of 25 mg/ml was achieved. Spectroscopic analyses of the purified biosurfactant using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance suggested it as a lipopeptide biosurfactant. The evaluation of mechanistic antibacterial, antiradical, antiproliferative, and cellular effects indicated the efficient antibacterial activity (against Pseudomonas aeruginosa) of biosurfactants due to free radical scavenging activity and oxidative stress. Moreover, the cellular cytotoxicity was estimated by MTT and other cellular assays revealing the phenomenon as the dose-dependent induction of apoptosis due to free radical scavenging with an LC50 of 55.6 ± 2.3 mg/ml.
Topics: Antioxidants; Lipopeptides; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Free Radicals; Surface-Active Agents
PubMed: 36906974
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114493 -
3 Biotech Jul 2021This study reports the whole-genome sequencing and sequence analysis of a bacterial isolate strain LS14, isolated from Loktak Lake, Imphal, India. The de novo...
UNLABELLED
This study reports the whole-genome sequencing and sequence analysis of a bacterial isolate strain LS14, isolated from Loktak Lake, Imphal, India. The de novo assembled genome reported in this paper featured a size of 3,809,532 bp, has GC content of 68% and contains 3602 genomic features, including 3551 protein-coding genes, 46 tRNA and 5rRNA. A biosurfactant biosynthesis gene cluster in the genome of the isolated strain was identified using AntiSMASH online tool V3.0.5 and KAAS (KEGG Automatic Annotation Server). The presence of biosurfactant was demonstrated by drop collapse, oil displacement and emulsification index. Subsequent chemical characterization using FTIR and LC-MS analyses revealed surfactin and terpene containing biosurfactant moieties. Also, the presence of genes involved in terpenoid synthesis pathway in the genome sequence may account for biosurfactant terpenoid backbone, but genes for later-stage conversion of terpenoid to biosurfactant were not ascertained.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-021-02867-9.
PubMed: 34194910
DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02867-9 -
Case Reports in Pediatrics 2021The most common organisms isolated from pediatric catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) are Gram-positive cocci, such as coagulase-negative staphylococci and...
The most common organisms isolated from pediatric catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) are Gram-positive cocci, such as coagulase-negative staphylococci and . There are few formal reports of infection and even fewer reports of CRBSI due to this Gram-positive rod. Here we report the first case of CRBSI due to in an 8-year-old girl with acute myeloid leukemia in Japan. The isolate exhibited decreased susceptibility to -lactam antibiotics. Antimicrobial therapy with meropenem and vancomycin, in addition to the removal of central venous catheter line, consequently led to a significant clinical improvement of the patient's symptoms. A literature review found available clinical courses in 16 cases (4 pediatric cases including our case) of infection. Our case and those in literature suggested that infection often occurs in patients with indwelling central venous catheters; the literature review further suggested that removal of central venous catheters is required in most cases. Special attention should be paid to the detection of opportunistic infections due to spp. in immunocompromized children who are using a central venous catheter.
PubMed: 33898073
DOI: 10.1155/2021/6691569 -
Journal of Biosciences 2023Celiac disease (CeD) is an immune-mediated chronic disorder triggered by the ingestion of wheat gluten in genetically predisposed individuals. Gluten is a major food...
Celiac disease (CeD) is an immune-mediated chronic disorder triggered by the ingestion of wheat gluten in genetically predisposed individuals. Gluten is a major food ingredient, infamously containing proline and glutamine-rich domains that are highly resistant to digestion by mammalian proteolytic enzymes. Thus, adhering to a gluten-free diet (GFD) is the only known treatment for CeD, albeit with many complications. Therefore, any therapy that eliminates the gluten immunogenic part before it reaches the small intestine is highly desirable. Probiotic therapy containing gluten-degrading bacteria (GDB) and their protease enzymes are possibly new approaches to treating CeD. Our study aimed to identify novel GDB from the duodenal biopsy of the first-degree relative (FDR) subjects (relatives of diseased individuals who are healthy but susceptible to celiac disease) with the potential to reduce gluten immunogenicity. Using the gluten agar plate technique, bacterial strains NAB46 and R2AA77 displaying glutenase activity were screened, identified, and characterized. Whole-genome sequencing found gluten-degrading prolyl endopeptidase (PEP) in the NAB46 genome and glutamyl endopeptidase (GEP) in the R2AA77 genome. Partially purified PEP has a specific activity of 1.15 U/mg, while GEP has a specific activity of 0.84 U/mg, which are, respectively, 6- and 9-fold times higher after concentrating the enzymes. Our results showed that these enzymes could hydrolyse immunotoxic gliadin peptides recognized in western blot using an anti-gliadin antibody. Additionally, a docking model was proposed for representative gliadin peptide PQPQLPYPQPQLP in the active site of the enzymes, where the residues of the N-terminal peptide extensively interact with the catalytic domain of the enzymes. These bacteria and their associated glutenase enzymes efficiently neutralize gliadin immunogenic epitopes, opening possibilities for their application as a dietary supplement in treating CeD patients.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Celiac Disease; Glutens; Intestine, Small; Peptide Hydrolases; Bacteria; Mammals
PubMed: 37309172
DOI: No ID Found -
Microorganisms Oct 2020Skin cleansing represents a process of mechanical and chemical removal of dirt, pollutants as well as microbiota from the skin. While skin cleansing can help maintain...
Skin cleansing represents a process of mechanical and chemical removal of dirt, pollutants as well as microbiota from the skin. While skin cleansing can help maintain good health, protect us from infections, illnesses and ailments, skin cleansing can also strip away lipids and moisture from the skin, leading to irritation, barrier impairment and disturbance of the delicate cutaneous microbiome. This study investigated how skin cleansing impacts skin's microbial composition. Thirty Caucasian women were enrolled in a placebo controlled clinical study where participants applied on their volar forearms a liquid body wash twice daily for 1 week in order to mimic frequent showering. Skin microbiome samples were collected by swabbing at defined timepoints and 16S rRNA sequencing was performed. Using "reference frames", we could identify shifts in the microbial composition and several microbiota were identified as being characteristically associated with the presence of saccharide isomerate, a well-known skin moisturizer. The microbial shift was quite immediate, and we could observe it already at 1 h post cleansing. Interestingly, the new microbial composition reached a certain dynamic equilibrium at day 1 which was then maintained until the end of the study. , a potentially beneficial carotenoid-producer microorganism, was enriched by the active treatment and, at the same time, the abundance of several potential pathogenic taxa, and diminished.
PubMed: 33113896
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8111634 -
Scientific Reports Oct 2023Industrial wastewater treatment generates sludge with high concentrations of metals and coagulants, which can cause environmental problems. This study developed a...
Industrial wastewater treatment generates sludge with high concentrations of metals and coagulants, which can cause environmental problems. This study developed a sequential sludge washing and metal recovery process for industrial sludge containing > 4500 mg/kg Cu and > 5000 mg/kg Cr. The washing agent was formulated by mixing glycolipid, lipopeptide, and phospholipid biosurfactants from Weissella cibaria PN3 and Brevibacterium casei NK8 with a chelating agent, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). These biosurfactants contained various functional groups for capturing metals. The optimized formulation by the central composite design had low surface tension and contained relatively small micelles. Comparable Cu and Cr removal efficiencies of 37.8% and 38.4%, respectively, were obtained after washing the sludge by shaking with a sonication process at a 1:4 solid-to-liquid ratio. The zeta potential analysis indicated the bonding of metal ions on the surface of biosurfactant micelles. When 100 g/L iron oxide nanoparticles were applied to the washing agent without pH adjustment, 83% Cu and 100% Cr were recovered. In addition, X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy of the nanoparticles showed the oxidation of nanoparticles, the reduction of Cr(V) to the less toxic Cr(III), and the absorption of Cu. The recovered metals could be further recycled, which will be beneficial for the circular economy.
Topics: Chromium; Copper; Sewage; Micelles; Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles; Metals, Heavy
PubMed: 37903874
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45729-5