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Thorax Feb 1994
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Asthma; Bronchial Spasm; Humans; Lung Diseases, Obstructive; Respiratory Muscles; Theophylline
PubMed: 7907437
DOI: 10.1136/thx.49.2.97 -
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) Mar 2004
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Asthma; Bronchial Spasm; Clarithromycin; Humans; Pulmonary Eosinophilia
PubMed: 15098591
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.43.169 -
Proceedings of the Royal Society of... Aug 1949
Topics: Anaphylaxis; Anti-Allergic Agents; Bronchi; Bronchial Spasm; Histamine; Histamine Antagonists; Hypersensitivity; Immune System Diseases; Spasm
PubMed: 18147923
DOI: No ID Found -
Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory... Apr 2010Therapies shown to be effective in cystic fibrosis are often provided to patients with bronchiectasis, without definitive evidence of benefit. In recent years, there has... (Review)
Review
Therapies shown to be effective in cystic fibrosis are often provided to patients with bronchiectasis, without definitive evidence of benefit. In recent years, there has been increased interest in validating and developing new therapies for patients with noncystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. While inhaled tobramycin improves microbiologic parameters, improvements in outcomes have been more difficult to demonstrate, in part due to the occurrence of bronchospasm in a significant minority of treated patients. Outcome data from studies of inhaled aztreonam and ciprofloxacin have not yet been reported, although the microbiologic data appear to be promising. Preliminary data regarding inhaled hyperosmolar agents such as hypertonic saline and mannitol are also promising, but these therapies cannot yet be recommended for routine therapy of patients with bronchiectasis. Macrolide antibiotics have anti-inflammatory properties in patients with chronic suppurative lung disease, through a variety of mechanisms. They have been proven to be beneficial in diffuse panbronchiolitis and are commonly being used in patients with bronchiectasis. Many small studies support their use in this population, although several had methodologic flaws. Thus, although chronic low-dose macrolide therapy is often used in these patients, more conclusive evidence is awaited.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Bronchial Spasm; Bronchiectasis; Humans; Macrolides; Mannitol; Saline Solution, Hypertonic
PubMed: 20388725
DOI: 10.1177/1753465810366858 -
Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain... Oct 2023Sugammadex has shown faster reversal of steroidal neuromuscular blockade (NMB) than neostigmine, a traditional reversal agent for NMB, even in the intense block phase....
Sugammadex has shown faster reversal of steroidal neuromuscular blockade (NMB) than neostigmine, a traditional reversal agent for NMB, even in the intense block phase. This efficiency is possible because of the unique mechanism of action by encapsulating the NMB molecules. Therefore, with the use of sugammadex, we can also expect to avoid direct interactions with the cholinergic system and its subsequent side effects, which are disadvantages of traditional drugs. However, despite these benefits and US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval in 2015, rare adverse events associated with sugammadex have been reported. Herein, we report a case of bronchospasm that developed immediately after sugammadex administration.
PubMed: 37841521
DOI: 10.17245/jdapm.2023.23.5.287 -
Biochemical Pharmacology Jan 2020β2-Adrenergic receptor (β2AR) agonists are clinically used to elicit rapid bronchodilation for the treatment of bronchospasms in pulmonary diseases such as asthma and... (Review)
Review
β2-Adrenergic receptor (β2AR) agonists are clinically used to elicit rapid bronchodilation for the treatment of bronchospasms in pulmonary diseases such as asthma and COPD, both of which exhibit characteristically high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS); likely secondary to over-expression of ROS generating enzymes and chronically heightened inflammation. Interestingly, β2AR has long-been linked to ROS, yet the involvement of ROS in β2AR function has not been as vigorously studied as other aspects of β2AR signaling. Herein, we discuss the existing body of evidence linking β2AR activation to intracellular ROS generation and importantly, the role of ROS in regulating β2AR function. The reciprocal interplay of the β2AR and ROS appear to endow this receptor with the ability to self-regulate signaling efficacy and ligand binding, hereby unveiling a redox-axis that may be unfavorably altered in pathological states contributing to both disease progression and therapeutic drug responses.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists; Asthma; Bronchial Spasm; Humans; Lung; Oxidation-Reduction; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 31697929
DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113690 -
Anaesthesia Jul 1985
Topics: Bronchial Spasm; Female; Humans; Ketamine; Middle Aged
PubMed: 4025781
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.1985.tb10962.x -
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Mar 19951. We report a controlled retrospective cohort study of respiratory adverse reactions to ACE inhibitors. Bronchospasm and cough occurred at a higher rate in patients... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
1. We report a controlled retrospective cohort study of respiratory adverse reactions to ACE inhibitors. Bronchospasm and cough occurred at a higher rate in patients treated with ACE inhibitors, no links with sex, past history of bronchospasm, drug type or dose were found. 2. Cohorts of 1013 patients on angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and 1017 patients on lipid lowering drugs (LLDs) were compared for the occurrence of new bronchospasm, relapse of previous bronchospasm, increase of current bronchospasm, and cough. 3. The prevalence of bronchospasm was 5.5% for patients on ACE inhibitors and 2.3% for patients on LLDs, P < 0.001. The relative risk of a bronchospasm adverse reaction for a patient on an ACE inhibitor compared with a patient on a LLD was 2.39, 95% confidence interval 1.47 to 3.90. 4. No ACE inhibitor specificity, or significant sex differences were found in the prevalence of bronchospasm or cough after correcting for bias implicit in the original cohorts. The bronchospastic reactions were not dose dependent. 5. The prevalence of a past history of bronchospasm in patients reporting ACE inhibitor-induced bronchospasm (16%) was not significantly different from the prevalence in patients on ACE inhibitors without an adverse reaction (13%), P = 0.447. 6. The prevalence of ACE inhibitor cohort cough was 12.3% and 2.7% in the patients on LLDs, P < 0.0001. Cough did not occur more commonly in patients on ACE inhibitors who had experienced any bronchospasm (28%) than in patients on LLDs with bronchospasm (27%).
Topics: Aged; Bronchial Spasm; Captopril; Chi-Square Distribution; Cohort Studies; Computer Simulation; Cough; Enalapril; Female; Humans; Hypolipidemic Agents; Lisinopril; Male; Middle Aged; Prevalence; Retrospective Studies; Sex Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 7619667
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1995.tb04447.x -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2018Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most important pathogen correlated to the first-time infant wheezing and later recurrence after its primary infection. RSV... (Review)
Review
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most important pathogen correlated to the first-time infant wheezing and later recurrence after its primary infection. RSV infection promotes the bronchial smooth muscle sensitivity to leukotrienes (LTs) in acute stage, causes the extensive inflammatory reaction and the aggregation of Th2-like cells during respiratory tract obstruction. Infants and young children infected with RSV exhibit an increased susceptibility to the exposure of exogenous allergens, easy to suffer from the recurrent wheezing, which prompts that the body is still in a state of inflammation or immunological bias. However, the pathological mechanism is unclear. The recent researches demonstrate that abnormal expression of non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) can be detected from the peripheral blood and airway tract epithelial of RSV infected infants, which participate the regulation of immune cells polarization and LTs synthesis. Improving the immune tolerance can significantly relieve the airway inflammation and broncho-spasm caused by RSV. In this review, we discuss recent advances in understanding the mechanism of RSV-induced inflammatory reaction and immune dysfunction leading to airway hyper-reactivity. Further, we summarize the potential molecular basis that, in this process, miRNAs, which are produced by airway epithelial cells or peripheral blood mononuclear cells, directly or in the form of exosome to regulate the inflammation programs as well as the function, differentiation and proliferation of immune cells. miRNAs may become a potential bio-marker of detecting severe RSV infection and a novel target of early intervention and therapeutic strategy in recurrent wheezing or asthma related to RSV infection.
PubMed: 30254626
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02177 -
JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan... Nov 2022To observe the effect of a single dose of tramadol 1mg/kg on haemodynamic changes related to extubation, and to assess the quality of emergence as judged by incidence of... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVES
To observe the effect of a single dose of tramadol 1mg/kg on haemodynamic changes related to extubation, and to assess the quality of emergence as judged by incidence of cough, laryngospasm and bronchospasm.
METHODS
The double-blind randomised controlled trial was conducted at the Department of Anaesthesiology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from 2016 to 2017, and comprised patients of either gender aged 18-65 years scheduled for elective supratentorial craniotomy under general anaesthesia. The patients were randomised to two Tramadol and Saline groups. The drug was given 45 minutes before extubation at the time of dura closure. The patients were extubated after resumption of adequate spontaneous breathing. Invasive blood pressure and heart rate were recorded one minute before reversal, at 1 minute interval for five minutes and then every 10 minute for 30 minutes after extubation. Cough, laryngospasm and bronchospasm were noted. Pain, post-operative nausea, vomiting, convulsions and conscious levels were also noted till 6 hours post-operatively. Data was analysed using SPSS 19.
RESULTS
Of the 80 patients enrolled, 79(98.75%) completed the study. Of them, 38(48%) were in the Tramadol group; 27(71.1%) males and 11(28.9%) females with a mean age of 43.42±13.2 years. The remaining 41(52%) patients were in the Saline group; 28(68.3%) males and 13(31.7%) females with a mean age of 45.9±15.9 years. Intergroup comparison showed no significant difference in the extubation response (p>0.05), but the changes in blood pressure and heart rate were shorter in magnitude and duration in the Tramadol group compared to the baseline. Significant rise in blood pressure and heart rate were observed in the Saline group at 5 minutes after extubation (p=0.046). There was no difference in the quality of emergence as judged by cough or secondary complications (p>0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Tramadol 1mg/kg was considered superior in attenuating the duration and magnitude of haemodynamic response in the shape of hypertension and tachycardia during extubation, but did not affect other parameters in patients undergoing craniotomy.
CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER
Clinical Trials.gov PRS: NCT02964416, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02964416.
Topics: Male; Female; Humans; Adult; Middle Aged; Tramadol; Airway Extubation; Cough; Bronchial Spasm; Laryngismus; Double-Blind Method
PubMed: 37013278
DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.4082