-
Advances in Respiratory Medicine 2019Measles is an acute febrile illness, potentially fatal and highly contagious, which is transmitted through the respiratory mode. Fever combined with one of the...
Measles is an acute febrile illness, potentially fatal and highly contagious, which is transmitted through the respiratory mode. Fever combined with one of the following: cough, coryza, conjunctivitis are the first manifestations of the disease. Koplik's spots may also appear on the buccal mucosa providing an opportunity to set the diagnosis even before the emergence of rash. Rash typically appears 3-4 days after the onset of fever, initially on the face and behind the ears, and its appearance is associated with the peak of the symptoms. Measles affects multiple systems, including the respiratory system, with pneumonia being one of the most lethal complications. Management involves best supportive care, correction of dehydration and nutritional deficiencies, treatment of secondary bacterial infections and provision of vitamin A. Importantly, given that measles present with lifelong immunity following infection or vaccination, prevention through measles vaccination has a cardinal role for measles' elimination. Indeed, public education and vaccination led to an estimated 79% decrease in global measles deaths from 2000 to 2015. Nonetheless, the last two years have seen a measles outbreak in several countries, partially due to the anti-vaccination movement. This article aims to present two cases of measles in our hospital and highlight the pressing need for vaccination in order to eradicate a potentially fatal disease.
Topics: Female; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Male; Measles; Measles Vaccine; Measles virus; Middle Aged; Mouth Mucosa; Pneumonia, Viral
PubMed: 30830960
DOI: 10.5603/ARM.a2019.0010 -
Proteomics. Clinical Applications Mar 2022The vast majority of voice disorders is associated with changes of the unique, but delicate, human vocal fold mucosa. The ability to develop new effective treatment...
The vast majority of voice disorders is associated with changes of the unique, but delicate, human vocal fold mucosa. The ability to develop new effective treatment methods is significantly limited by the physical inaccessibility and the extremely rare occasions under which healthy tissue biopsies can be obtained. Therefore, the interest in laryngological research has shifted to human oral (buccal) mucosa, a similar and more easily available tissue. The harvesting process is less invasive and accompanied with faster healing and less scarring, compared to vocal fold mucosa. Here we report a descriptive proteomic comparison of paired human buccal and vocal fold mucosa by high-resolution mass spectrometry (CID-MS/MS). Our study identified a total of 1575 proteins detected within both tissues that are highly consistent in several crucial biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions. Hence, our proteomic analysis will provide a fundamental resource for the laryngological research community.
Topics: Cicatrix; Humans; Mouth Mucosa; Proteomics; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Vocal Cords
PubMed: 34792860
DOI: 10.1002/prca.202100050 -
BMC Nephrology Oct 2022Two alleles (G1 and G2) of the apolipoprotein 1 gene (APOL1) predispose people of African descent to developing or accelerating the course of certain types of kidney...
Two alleles (G1 and G2) of the apolipoprotein 1 gene (APOL1) predispose people of African descent to developing or accelerating the course of certain types of kidney disease. Population studies to determine the frequency of the G1 and G2 alleles are important to inform resource allocation by public health authorities. Traditionally, APOL1 genotyping is carried out in blood samples. However, sample collection, transport, and storage is cumbersome. Here we compared APOL1 genotyping in blood and buccal mucosa cell samples obtained from 23 individuals. Alleles G0 (wild), G1, and G2, as well as genotypes G0/G0, G0/G1, G1/G1, G0/G2, G1/G2, and G2/G2 were detected using both blood and buccal mucosa cells with 100% coincidence. Our data indicate that buccal mucosa cell samples may represent a suitable alternative to blood samples for APOL1 genotyping in the field.
Topics: Alleles; Apolipoprotein L1; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genotype; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Mouth Mucosa
PubMed: 36217118
DOI: 10.1186/s12882-022-02954-w -
Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia 2015Laugier-Hunziker syndrome is a rare, acquired disorder characterized by lenticular hyperpigmentation of the oral mucosa and longitudinal melanonychia. We present the...
Laugier-Hunziker syndrome is a rare, acquired disorder characterized by lenticular hyperpigmentation of the oral mucosa and longitudinal melanonychia. We present the case of a 63-year-old female with progressive, asymptomatic hyperpigmentation of buccal mucosa and a 7-year history of hyperpigmentation in several fingernails. Laugier-Hunziker syndrome was diagnosed based on the clinical features presented, dermoscopic findings and exclusion of underlying systemic diseases. Laugier-Hunziker syndrome is regarded as a diagnosis of exclusion. By identifying Laugier-Hunziker syndrome, other, more severe syndromes associated with hyperpigmentations can be excluded, namely Addison's disease and Peutz-Jeghers syndrome.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Hyperpigmentation; Middle Aged; Mouth Diseases; Mouth Mucosa; Nail Diseases; Syndrome
PubMed: 26312723
DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20153840 -
Indian Journal of Dental Research :... 2019Nasolabial cysts are a rare non-odontogenic, soft-tissue, developmental cyst reported till date in the sublabial area and anterior maxillary region. The cyst is a slowly... (Review)
Review
Nasolabial cysts are a rare non-odontogenic, soft-tissue, developmental cyst reported till date in the sublabial area and anterior maxillary region. The cyst is a slowly enlarging asymptomatic swelling and non-painful. The cyst is believed to be associated with remnants of the nasolabial duct. In this report, we report a nasolabial cyst of a 48-year-old man in whom the cyst occurred in the buccal mucosa. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of nasolabial cyst occurring entirely in the buccal mucosa without involving vestibule. The etiopathogenesis of the cyst is reviewed in light of this case.
Topics: Cysts; Edema; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Mucosa; Nose Diseases
PubMed: 31939378
DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_861_19 -
Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine Dec 2022
Topics: Humans; Mouth Mucosa
PubMed: 36455973
DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.89a.22025 -
Urologia Internationalis 2012Different types of grafts have been described in urethral reconstruction (UR), with penile skin graft (PSG) and buccal mucosa graft (BMG) as the most frequently used... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
INTRODUCTION
Different types of grafts have been described in urethral reconstruction (UR), with penile skin graft (PSG) and buccal mucosa graft (BMG) as the most frequently used ones. It still remains unclear whether one graft is superior in terms of success when compared to the other.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A systematic review of the literature was performed searching the MEDLINE database with the following search strategy: 'urethroplasty' AND 'penile skin'/ 'urethroplasty' AND 'buccal mucosa'. 266 and 144 records were retrieved for urethroplasty with PSG and BMG, respectively. These records were reviewed to identify papers where PSG and BMG were used in UR and where individualized data on success were available within the same series.
RESULTS
18 papers were found eligible for further analysis. In total, 428 and 483 patients were respectively treated with PSG or BMG. If available, follow-up duration was 64.1 versus 42.1 months (p < 0.0001) and stricture length 6.2 versus 4.6 cm (p < 0.0001) for PSG and BMG, respectively. Success of UR with PSG was 81.8 versus 85.9% with BMG (p = 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS
Success of UR using BMG is significantly better compared to PSG. Results might be seriously biased by a longer follow-up duration and stricture length for PSG compared to BMG.
Topics: Foreskin; Humans; Male; Mouth Mucosa; Penis; Urethra; Urethral Stricture; Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male
PubMed: 22889835
DOI: 10.1159/000341138 -
Archivio Italiano Di Urologia,... Mar 2021Plaque incision and grafting represent the best surgical approach to the Peyronie's Disease (PD). The grafting procedures must be restricted to patients with normal...
INTRODUCTION
Plaque incision and grafting represent the best surgical approach to the Peyronie's Disease (PD). The grafting procedures must be restricted to patients with normal preoperative status, excessive curvature and/or deformities. However, the ideal graft has not been identified yet. Buccal mucosa grafts (BMG) provided excellent short-term results, ensuring the fast return of spontaneous erections and preventing shrinkage, which is the main cause of graft failure. Another fearsome surgical complication is de novo erectile dysfunction (ED). We report our results with BMG focusing on the analysis of ultrasonographic and clinical data demonstrating buccal mucosa as determinant factor that allow to avoid complications.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From 2013 to 2019 we performed at our Urology Unit 27 corporoplasties with BMG to correct complex penile curvature due to PD. Clinical, post-surgical and ultrasound follow up data were evaluated. All patients were no responders to medical treatment or previous surgical procedures. The evaluation period was 72 months. Data regarding pre-operative work-up, including IIEF (IIEF-5) questionnaire administration, detailed clinical history and penile dynamic ultrasound (PGE1-induced erection) were collected. The time of spontaneous erection resumption was recorded for each patient. To improve blood supply to the graft, a low-dose PDE5-i was prescribed for all patients for a period of two months, starting immediately after discharge. Check-ups were scheduled every 3 months, starting from 1 month after surgery. In each visit, patients underwent a penile ultrasound evaluation of graft features. After 6 and 12 months, all patients underwent a penile dynamic ultrasound for Erection Hardness Score determination, then standard ultrasound and clinical evaluation yearly. Our analyses were focused on BMG as a major determinant of the surgical success.
RESULTS
Mean age of 27 patients was 57 years (42-71) with a maximum follow up time of 72 months and minimum of 3. Site of penile curvature was dorsal in 18 (67%) patients, ventral in 2 (7%), complex in 7 (26%). The degree of the curvature was < 60° in 11 (41%) patients, > 60° in 16 (59%). Straightening of penis was reached in 100% of cases. Penile shortening resulted in 7.4% (2/27). De novo ED appeared in 2/27 cases with a post-operative rate of PDE5i users increasing from 12 to 14 patients (45% vs 52%). Ultrasound aspects of BMG, recorded at every follow up visit, results in a hypoechoic plaque with an iperechoic rim that become isoechoic over the time in all cases. No case of scars or seroma was registered. Small intra-graft cystic lesions were highlighted in 3 cases (11%).
CONCLUSIONS
BMG may represent a good choice in grafts procedures for PD surgical management. The functional results obtained by BMG procedures were related to the good anatomical characteristics of the patch and were highlighted in our series by use of penile ultrasound, during the follow up period.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Mucosa; Penile Induration; Treatment Outcome; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 33754621
DOI: 10.4081/aiua.2021.1.107 -
International Journal of Molecular... Dec 2021In arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) pathogenic variants are found in genes encoding desmosomal proteins and in non-desmosomal genes, such as (, p.Arg14del variant)....
In arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) pathogenic variants are found in genes encoding desmosomal proteins and in non-desmosomal genes, such as (, p.Arg14del variant). Previous research showed that plakoglobin protein levels and localization in the cardiac tissue of ACM patients, and p.Arg14del patients diagnosed with an ACM phenotype, are disturbed. Moreover, the effects of pathogenic variants in desmosomal genes are reflected in non-cardiac tissues like buccal mucosa cells (BMC) which could serve as a promising new and non-invasive tool to support diagnosis. We collected the BMC of 33 ACM patients, 17 p.Arg14del patients and 34 controls, labelled the BMC with anti-plakoglobin antibodies at different concentrations, and scored their membrane labelling. We found that plakoglobin protein levels were significantly reduced in BMC obtained from diagnosed ACM patients and preclinical variant carriers when compared to controls. This effect was independent from age and sex. Moderate to strong correlations were found with the revised 2010 Task Force Criteria score which is commonly used for ACM diagnosis (r = -0.67, = 64, < 0.0001 and r = -0.71, = 64, < 0.0001). In contrast, plakoglobin scores in p.Arg14del patients were comparable to controls ( > 0.209), which suggests differences in underlying etiology. However, for the individual diagnosis of the 'classical' ACM patient, this method might not be discriminative enough to distinguish true patients from variant carriers and controls, because of the high interindividual variability.
Topics: Adult; Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Desmosomes; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Mucosa; gamma Catenin
PubMed: 35008484
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010057 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2019Periodontal microorganisms not only colonize subgingival pockets, but also are detected on various mucous membranes in patients with periodontitis. The object of this... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Periodontal microorganisms not only colonize subgingival pockets, but also are detected on various mucous membranes in patients with periodontitis. The object of this pilot study was, using the next-generation sequencing of 16S RNA gene, to characterize the microbiota in two oral habitats (buccal mucosas and subgingival pockets) in patients with different forms of periodontitis. Thirty-two buccal swab samples and 113 subgingival samples were obtained from eleven subjects with chronic periodontitis (ChP), twelve subjects with aggressive periodontitis (AgP), and nine periodontally healthy individuals (HP). Using Miseq Sequencing of 16S rRNA gene, we found that the subgingival and buccal mucosa microbiome of ChP and AgP patients both differed from HP. Meanwhile, significantly increased both in buccal and subgingival plaque samples in periodontitis subjects (ChP and AgP) compared with HP. Moreover, the results based on the Unweighted UniFrac distance showed that buccal and subgingival plaque samples from the same individuals show higher community divergence than same habitats from different subject samples. This study demonstrated that the microbiome of buccal mucosa can be influenced by periodontitis. However, subgingival and buccal mucosa microbiome seem to be characterized by species-specific colonization patterns. This pilot study provides a glimpse at the changes of subgingival and buccal mucosa associated with periodontitis from a holistic view. Further studies should be taken to illuminate the interplay between these detected changes and periodontitis development.
Topics: Adult; Aggressive Periodontitis; Chronic Disease; Cluster Analysis; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Female; Gingiva; Humans; Male; Metagenomics; Microbiota; Mouth Mucosa; Phylogeny; Pilot Projects; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Young Adult
PubMed: 30915280
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00053