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Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical... 1998Within the oral mucosal cavity, the buccal region offers an attractive route of administration for systemic drug delivery. The mucosa has a rich blood supply and it is... (Review)
Review
Within the oral mucosal cavity, the buccal region offers an attractive route of administration for systemic drug delivery. The mucosa has a rich blood supply and it is relatively permeable. It is the objective of this article to review buccal drug delivery by discussing the structure and environment of the oral mucosa and the experimental methods used in assessing buccal drug permeation/absorption. Buccal dosage forms will also be reviewed with an emphasis on bioadhesive polymeric based delivery systems
Topics: Absorption; Administration, Oral; Animals; Biological Transport; Drug Delivery Systems; Humans; Mouth Mucosa; Permeability; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Polymers
PubMed: 10942969
DOI: No ID Found -
Current Pharmaceutical Design 2010The authors review the ultra-structural aspects and permeability features of normal human oral mucosa, after having recently tested and used it as a new site of systemic... (Review)
Review
The authors review the ultra-structural aspects and permeability features of normal human oral mucosa, after having recently tested and used it as a new site of systemic drug delivery. The pertinent scientific literature from 1975 through 2009 has been analysed and discussed. Buccal epithelium is a relatively permeable, robust non-keratinized tissue and blood vessels drain directly into the jugular vein; due to its particular features, it has been of increasing interest to researchers as an alternative site of drug administration. The review describes the structure and function of the buccal mucosa, the rationale for transbuccal drug delivery and the main transmucosal drug delivery systems. Recent studies have investigated the delivery of a variety of drugs through the buccal mucosa in order to assess both local and systemic, either positive or adverse, effects. In conclusion, buccal mucosa may be considered a promising site for effective, safe and non-invasive transmucosal sustained drug delivery.
Topics: Administration, Buccal; Administration, Oral; Cell Membrane; Drug Delivery Systems; Humans; Mouth Mucosa; Pharmaceutical Preparations
PubMed: 20388074
DOI: 10.2174/138161210790883778 -
Current Urology Reports Aug 2013Hypospadias is an embryological disorder that results in an abnormal ventral positioning of the urethral meatus. Among multiple surgical techniques described to correct... (Review)
Review
Hypospadias is an embryological disorder that results in an abnormal ventral positioning of the urethral meatus. Among multiple surgical techniques described to correct this anomaly, the use of buccal mucosa grafts has gained popularity among pediatric urologists, pediatric surgeons and plastic surgeons. Buccal mucosa grafts have shown favorable histological changes that result in an excellent scaffold for urethral reconstructive surgery. This review describes the evolution of the use of buccal mucosa grafts in hypospadias repair.
Topics: Child; Humans; Hypospadias; Male; Mouth Mucosa; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Urethra
PubMed: 23686357
DOI: 10.1007/s11934-013-0334-9 -
Oral Oncology Mar 2021Buccal mucosa defects following resection of premalignant or malignant lesions require adequate reconstruction. Both locoregional and microvascular flaps have been...
BACKGROUND
Buccal mucosa defects following resection of premalignant or malignant lesions require adequate reconstruction. Both locoregional and microvascular flaps have been extensively used based on operator and patient factors. This paper focuses on the outcomes of a simplified approach for reconstruction of large buccal mucosa defects with posterior extent using a combination of two loco regional flaps.
METHOD
A combination of buccal fat pad graft and nasolabial flap was used to reconstruct large defects spanning the buccal mucosa extending to the soft palate or retromolar trigone areas. Post operative outcomes were noted in patients who underwent reconstruction using this combination technique.
RESULT
This paper highlights the favourable results and ease of technique with this combination of flaps, i.e complete coverage of large buccal mucosa defects extending to critical areas such as soft palate, retromolar trigone or tonsillar pillars; avoiding sophisticated free flaps. Satisfactory healing with adequate functional and esthetic outcomes were seen.
CONCLUSION
Defects post ablation of buccal mucosa lesions, larger than 5 cm × 5 cm, can be reconstructed using double local flaps. Buccal fat pad and nasolabial flaps heal excellently with nil morbidities and their combination provides a simple and an economical alternative option for reconstructive surgeons.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Mucosa; Mouth Neoplasms; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Surgical Flaps
PubMed: 33162321
DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.105081 -
BMC Oral Health Jun 2018Cases of diverticula of the buccal mucosa are extremely rare. Literature searches of databases such as PubMed/MEDLINE for this condition have revealed only 10 case... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Cases of diverticula of the buccal mucosa are extremely rare. Literature searches of databases such as PubMed/MEDLINE for this condition have revealed only 10 case reports. In this case report, we describe our experience in the management of this rare condition and review the previous 10 previously reported cases.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 66-year-old man presented with a pouch containing inspissated food debris located posterior to the papilla of the parotid duct in his left buccal mucosa. The diagnosis of a diverticulum arising from the buccal mucosa was confirmed based on clinical and radiographic findings. Gross examination of the locally resected tissue specimen revealed a pouch measuring 14 mm in diameter and 8 mm in depth, that was whitish in color and had an elastic, soft, and smooth surface. Microscopic examination revealed a cyst-like lesion lined by stratified squamous epithelium and granulation tissue, with a chronic inflammatory infiltration in the peripheral stromal tissue of the epithelial layer. After surgical excision of the lesion, there was no recurrence during the follow-up period of 5 years and 10 months.
CONCLUSIONS
We have presented a rare case of a diverticulum of the buccal mucosa. This is the first report of a case confirmed not only by the clinicopathological findings, but also by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings. From the magnetic resonance imaging and intraoperative findings, we inferred that the diverticulum was caused by an idiopathic developmental anomaly due to a partial defect of the buccinator muscle.
Topics: Aged; Diverticulum; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Mouth Mucosa; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 29879973
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-018-0572-9 -
Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology May 2019The aim of the work described here was to compare intra-oral and transcutaneous ultrasonography (US) scanning and to determine the normal values of buccal mucosa...
The aim of the work described here was to compare intra-oral and transcutaneous ultrasonography (US) scanning and to determine the normal values of buccal mucosa thickness and echogenicity. A total of 190 volunteers underwent US examination of the buccal mucosa. The thickness of the buccal epithelial layer was recorded in 19 subjects via both intra-oral and transcutaneous methods. Overall, 171 healthy adults were examined through intra-oral US. Buccal epithelial layer measurement was unreliable via the transcutaneous method (p = 0.001). The mean time required for visualizing the buccal mucosa was 75 and 171s with intra-oral and transcutaneous US, respectively (p < 0.001). The thickness of the buccal epithelial layers significantly differed with age and sex (p < 0.001), and was positively correlated with height, weight and body surface area. Intra-oral US was proposed as a conventional method for examination of the buccal mucosa. Normal buccal epithelial thickness in adults is associated with age, sex, height, weight and body surface area.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Body Height; Body Mass Index; Body Surface Area; Body Weight; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Mucosa; Prospective Studies; Reference Values; Sex Factors; Ultrasonography; Young Adult
PubMed: 30826154
DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2019.01.015 -
Current Urology Reports Aug 2014Vaginal reconstruction can be challenging when there is a paucity of tissue, as the ideal donor source has yet to be determined. Many of the existing and commonly used... (Review)
Review
Vaginal reconstruction can be challenging when there is a paucity of tissue, as the ideal donor source has yet to be determined. Many of the existing and commonly used techniques, such as vaginal replacement with skin grafts or bowel segments, have both advantages and disadvantages. A novel technique for vaginal replacement and reconstruction is with autologous buccal mucosa, an epithelium which is an excellent tissue match to the vagina. As urologists often have extensive experience with the use of oral mucosa for urethral reconstruction, it is fitting to apply these techniques to procedures where native vaginal tissue is lacking. This review presents the existing literature as well as the author's own experience with the use of autologous buccal mucosa for a variety of vaginal reconstructive procedures.
Topics: Female; Humans; Mouth Mucosa; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Transplantation, Autologous; Vagina
PubMed: 24948036
DOI: 10.1007/s11934-014-0428-z -
The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery 2019Lymphangiomas are benign hamartomatous tumors which are characterized by abnormal proliferation of lymphatic vessels. They are lymphatic malformations which are commonly...
Lymphangiomas are benign hamartomatous tumors which are characterized by abnormal proliferation of lymphatic vessels. They are lymphatic malformations which are commonly localized to head and neck region. They are rare located in the oral cavity and tongue, lips, buccal mucosa, soft palate, floor of the mouth are mostly affected.
Topics: Adolescent; Female; Hamartoma; Health Status; Humans; Lymphangioma; Mouth Mucosa; Mouth Neoplasms; Neck
PubMed: 31584553
DOI: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000005582 -
Scientific Reports Feb 2018The aim of the present study was to monitor genotoxic and cytotoxic effect of X-ray on exfoliated buccal mucosa cells and investigate the association between the effects...
The aim of the present study was to monitor genotoxic and cytotoxic effect of X-ray on exfoliated buccal mucosa cells and investigate the association between the effects and the accumulated absorbed doses of oral mucosa. 98 participants' buccal mucosa cells were collected before and 10 days after different series of dental radiographs performed. Cytological preparations were successively dyed with the methods of Feulgen and fast-green, and analyzed under a light microscope. Micronuclei (MN)and other cells were scored. Accumulated absorbed dose of buccal mucosa was estimated with the method of anthropomorphic phantom and dosimeter chips. The dose rang was 0.18-3.54 mGy. A significant difference in the rate of MN cell was found before and after X-ray examinations (P = 0.008) as well as in the rates of Pyknotic (p < 0.001) and Karyolytic cell (p = 0.0021). When only the patients whose mucosa absorbed dose is lower than 1 mGy was analyzed, significant differences were not found except for Karyolytic cells (p = 0.0313). There was a correlation between the accumulated does and the change rate (ρ = 0.25, p = 0.0118). The frequency of micronuclei cells in buccal mucosa may be increased when a series of dental radiographs including a CBCT examination was performed.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Female; Humans; Male; Micronucleus Tests; Mouth Mucosa; Orthodontics; Radiation Dosage; Radiography, Dental; X-Rays
PubMed: 29410514
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20964-3 -
Current Drug Delivery Apr 2004The buccal cavity is attractive for noninvasive, controlled transmucosal delivery of both local and systemic therapeutically active compounds. Administering drugs via... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
The buccal cavity is attractive for noninvasive, controlled transmucosal delivery of both local and systemic therapeutically active compounds. Administering drugs via this route is advantageous due to the rich vasculature of the oral mucosa, and the absence of gastrointestinal and "first-pass" hepatic degradation. Moreover, the barrier properties of the oral mucosa against noxious substances and its role in disease require further investigation. However, the scarcity of sizeable specimens of human oral mucosa for in vitro experimental studies has hampered research on this tissue. For this reason we developed a model in which human vaginal mucosa is used as a substitute for buccal mucosa. In this article the quality and predictive value of the human vaginal/buccal in vitro model with respect to a number of drugs and other chemical compounds differing widely in molecular size and lipophilicity, including water, arecoline, arecaidine, benzo[a]pyrene, 17beta-estradiol, sumatriptan, vasopressin and dextrans, are reviewed. In addition some applications of the model for investigating the effect of areca nut extract on epithelial barrier properties, temperature effects on water and 17beta-estradiol flux rates, and cyclosporin diffusion through mucosal membranes are described. The permeability characteristics of vaginal mucosa, as a model of buccal mucosa, are compared with those of other human tissue, including mucosae from the small intestine and colon.
Topics: Female; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Mouth Mucosa; Mucous Membrane; Permeability; Vagina
PubMed: 16305378
DOI: 10.2174/1567201043479975