Did you mean: cardiobacteriaceae
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Cancer Cell Aug 2023Carnobacterium maltaromaticum was found to be specifically depleted in female patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Administration of C. maltaromaticum reduces...
Carnobacterium maltaromaticum was found to be specifically depleted in female patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Administration of C. maltaromaticum reduces intestinal tumor formation in two murine CRC models in a female-specific manner. Estrogen increases the attachment and colonization of C. maltaromaticum via increasing the colonic expression of SLC3A2 that binds to DD-CPase of this bacterium. Metabolomic and transcriptomic profiling unveils the increased gut abundance of vitamin D-related metabolites and the mucosal activation of vitamin D receptor (VDR) signaling in C. maltaromaticum-gavaged mice in a gut microbiome- and VDR-dependent manner. In vitro fermentation system confirms the metabolic cross-feeding of C. maltaromaticum with Faecalibacterium prausnitzii to convert C. maltaromaticum-produced 7-dehydrocholesterol into vitamin D for activating the host VDR signaling. Overall, C. maltaromaticum colonizes the gut in an estrogen-dependent manner and acts along with other microbes to augment the intestinal vitamin D production to activate the host VDR for suppressing CRC.
Topics: Mice; Female; Animals; Vitamin D; Carnobacterium; Estrogens; Colorectal Neoplasms; Receptors, Calcitriol
PubMed: 37478851
DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.06.011 -
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Dec 2015Nutritionally variant streptococci (NVS) are fastidious Gram-positive cocci comprised of the species Abiotrophia defectiva, Granulicatella adiacens, and Granulicatella...
Nutritionally variant streptococci (NVS) are fastidious Gram-positive cocci comprised of the species Abiotrophia defectiva, Granulicatella adiacens, and Granulicatella elegans. NVS are an important cause of bacteremia and infective endocarditis (IE) associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was performed for 14 antimicrobials using the broth microdilution MIC method described in the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M45 guideline. A total of 132 clinical NVS blood isolates collected from 2008 to 2014 were tested. Species level identification of NVS isolates was achieved by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and/or matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Ninety isolates were identified as G. adiacens, 37 as A. defectiva, and 5 as G. elegans. All isolates were susceptible to vancomycin (MIC90 = 1 μg/ml), and none displayed high-level resistance to aminoglycosides. G. adiacens was considerably more susceptible to penicillin than A. defectiva (38.9% versus 10.8% of isolates susceptible) but was less susceptible to cephalosporins than was A. defectiva (43.3% versus 100% of isolates susceptible to ceftriaxone). Several isolates were resistant to levofloxacin (6%), erythromycin (51%), and clindamycin (10%). The MIC90 for daptomycin was ≥ 4 μg/ml for G. adiacens and A. defectiva. G. elegans isolates were 100% susceptible to all antimicrobials tested, with the exception of erythromycin, to which only 20% were susceptible. This study provides antimicrobial susceptibility data for a recent collection of NVS and demonstrates important NVS species-related differences with respect to susceptibility to penicillin, cephalosporins, carbapenems, and daptomycin. Species-level identification of NVS organisms when susceptibility testing is not readily available may aid in treatment decisions.
Topics: Abiotrophia; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Carnobacteriaceae; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Los Angeles; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Molecular Typing; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; beta-Lactams
PubMed: 26666926
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.02645-15 -
Scientific Reports May 2022Undernutrition is a public health challenge in sub-Saharan countries, including Uganda. In a previous randomized controlled trial (RCT) with a nutrition, hygiene and... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Undernutrition is a public health challenge in sub-Saharan countries, including Uganda. In a previous randomized controlled trial (RCT) with a nutrition, hygiene and stimulation education intervention among mothers of 6 months' old children, we found less caries in the intervention group when the children were 36 months of age. We now examined the effects of (i) the intervention on the microbiota, (ii) microbiota on caries, and (iii) the intervention and microbiota on caries. The original RCT comprised 511 mother/child pairs whereas in the current study we had access to data from 344/511 (67%) children aged 36 months. The saliva microbiota was determined using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Carious lesions (a proxy for dental health) were identified using close-up intra-oral photographs of the upper front teeth. Statistical models were used to determine host-microbiota associations. The intervention had a significant effect on the microbiota, e.g. an increase in Streptococcus abundance and decreases in Alloprevotella and Tannerella. Significant associations between the microbiota and dental caries were identified: Positive associations of Capnocytophaga and Tannerella suggest that these taxa may be deleterious to dental health while negative associations of Granulicatella, Fusobacterium, and Abiotrophia suggest taxa potentially beneficial or benign contributors to dental health. Based on taxonomic profiles, the effects of the intervention and microbiota on dental health may be independent of one another. Educational interventions with emphasis on nutrition and oral hygiene may provide a feasible strategy to decrease progression of childhood caries in low-resource settings.
Topics: Carnobacteriaceae; Child; Dental Caries; Dental Caries Susceptibility; Female; Humans; Microbiota; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Saliva; Streptococcus; Uganda
PubMed: 35552492
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11979-y -
Food Microbiology Aug 2021The microbial composition of the food production environment plays an important role in food safety and quality. This study employed both 16 S rRNA gene sequencing... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
The microbial composition of the food production environment plays an important role in food safety and quality. This study employed both 16 S rRNA gene sequencing technology and culture-based techniques to investigate the bacterial microbiota of an egg production facility comprising of both free-range and conventional cage housing systems. The study also aimed to detect the presence of Salmonella enterica and determine whether its presence was positively or negatively associated with other taxa. Our findings revealed that microbiota profiles of free-range and cage houses differ considerably in relation to the relative abundance and diversity with a number of taxa unique to each system and to individual sampling sites within sheds. Core to each housing system were known inhabitants of the poultry gastrointestinal tracts, Romboutsia and Turicibacter, as well as common spoilage bacteria. Generally, free-range samples contained fewer taxa and were dominated by Staphylococcus equorum, differentiating them from the cage samples. Salmonella enterica was significantly associated with the presence of a taxa belonging to the Carnobacteriaceae family. The results of this study demonstrate that the diversity and composition of the microbiota is highly variable across egg layer housing systems, which could have implications for productivity, food safety and spoilage.
Topics: Animal Husbandry; Animals; Bacteria; Chickens; Eggs; Female; Male; Microbiota; Oviposition; Salmonella enterica
PubMed: 33653527
DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2021.103754 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jan 2022A group of microcosm-scale unplanted constructed wetlands (CWs) were established to evaluate the effectiveness of exogenous Fe addition on ammonium nitrogen (NH-N),...
A group of microcosm-scale unplanted constructed wetlands (CWs) were established to evaluate the effectiveness of exogenous Fe addition on ammonium nitrogen (NH-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO-N), and total phosphorus (TP) removal. The addition of Fe concentrations were 5 mg/L (CW-Fe5), 10 mg/L (CW-Fe10), 20 mg/L (CW-Fe20), 30 mg/L (CW-Fe30), and 0 mg/L (CW-CK). The microbial community in CWs was also analyzed to reveal the enhancement mechanism of pollutant removal. The results showed that the addition of Fe could significantly ( < 0.05) reduce the NO-N concentration in the CWs. When 10 mg/L Fe was added and the hydraulic retention time (HRT) was 8 h, the highest removal rate of NO-N was 88.66%. For NH-N, when the HRT was 8-24 h, the removal rate of CW-Fe5 was the highest (35.23% at 8 h and 59.24% at 24 h). When the HRT was 48-72 h, the removal rate of NH-N in CWs with 10 mg/L Fe addition was the highest (85.19% at 48 h and 88.66% and 72 h). The removal rate of TP in all CWs was higher than 57.06%, compared with CW-CK, it increased 0.63-31.62% in CWs with Fe addition; the final effluent TP concentration in CW-Fe5 (0.13 mg/L) and CW-Fe10 (0.16 mg/L) met the class III water standards in Surface Water Environmental Quality Standards of China (GB3838-2002). Microbical diversity indexes, including Shannon and Chao1, were significantly lower ( < 0.05) in Fe amended treatment than that in CW-CK treatment. Furthermore, phylum , family and genus in Fe amended treatments was significantly ( < 0.05) higher than that in CW-CK treatment. Fe reducing bacteria, such as genus, belonging to the in family-level, and order affiliated to in the phylum-level, can reduce the oxidized Fe to Fe and continue to provide electrons for nitrate. It is recommended to consider adding an appropriate amount of iron into the water to strengthen its purifying capacity effect for constructed artificial wetlands in the future.
Topics: Ammonium Compounds; Nitrogen; Nutrients; Waste Disposal, Fluid; Wastewater; Wetlands
PubMed: 35162498
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031475 -
Microorganisms May 2023Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are a diverse group of microorganisms of the order in the phylum, subdivision , comprising, at this stage of taxonomic descriptions six...
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are a diverse group of microorganisms of the order in the phylum, subdivision , comprising, at this stage of taxonomic descriptions six families (, , , , and ) [...].
PubMed: 37317164
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051190 -
Scientific Reports Sep 2023Gut microbiota is an emerging editable cardiovascular risk factor. We aim to investigate gut and coronary plaque microbiota, using fecal samples and angioplasty balloons...
Gut microbiota is an emerging editable cardiovascular risk factor. We aim to investigate gut and coronary plaque microbiota, using fecal samples and angioplasty balloons from patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) and control subjects. We examined bacterial communities in gut and coronary plaques by 16S rRNA sequencing and we performed droplet digital PCR analysis to investigate the gut relative abundance of the bacterial genes CutC/CntA involved in trimethylamine N-oxide synthesis. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) at the genus and species levels displayed gut enrichment in Streptococcus, Granulicatella and P. distasonis in ACS compared with CCS and controls; Roseburia, C. aerofaciens and F. prausnitzii were more abundant in controls than in patients. Principal component analysis (PCA) of 41 differentially abundant gut taxa showed a clustering of the three groups. In coronary plaque, LEfSe at the genus level revealed an enrichment of Staphylococcus and Streptococcus in ACS, and Paracoccus in CCS, whereas PCA of 15 differentially abundant plaque taxa exhibited clustering of ACS and CCS patients. CutC and CntA genes were more abundant in ACS and CCS than in controls while no significant difference emerged between ACS and CCS. Our results indicate that ACS and CCS exhibit a different gut and plaque microbial signature, suggesting a possible role of these microbiotas in coronary plaque instability.
Topics: Humans; Acute Coronary Syndrome; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Heart; Angioplasty, Balloon; Carnobacteriaceae
PubMed: 37679428
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41867-y -
Microbial Biotechnology May 2021Several studies have recently pointed towards an increased occurrence and prevalence of several taxa of the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in the microbiota of the upper... (Review)
Review
Several studies have recently pointed towards an increased occurrence and prevalence of several taxa of the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in the microbiota of the upper respiratory tract (URT) under healthy conditions versus disease. These include several species of the Lactobacillales such as Lacticaseibacillus casei, Lactococcus lactis and Dolosigranulum pigrum. In addition to physiological studies on their potential beneficial functions and their long history of safe use as probiotics in other human body sites, LAB are thus increasingly to be explored as alternative or complementary treatment for URT diseases. This review highlights the importance of lactic acid bacteria in the respiratory tract and their potential as topical probiotics for this body site. We focus on the potential probiotic properties and adaptation factors that are needed for a bacterial strain to optimally exert its beneficial activity in the respiratory tract. Furthermore, we discuss a range of in silico, in vitro and in vivo models needed to obtain better insights into the efficacy and adaptation factors specifically for URT probiotics. Such knowledge will facilitate optimal strain selection in order to conduct rigorous clinical studies with the most suitable probiotic strains. Despite convincing evidence from microbiome association and in vitro studies, the clinical evidence for oral or topical probiotics for common URT diseases such as chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) needs further substantiation.
Topics: Carnobacteriaceae; Humans; Lactobacillales; Microbiota; Probiotics
PubMed: 33507624
DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13759 -
Frontiers in Bioscience (Elite Edition) Aug 2022spp. and spp. are Gram-positive cocci, formerly known as nutritionally variant or deficient . Their role as causative agents of infective endocarditis (IE) is...
BACKGROUND
spp. and spp. are Gram-positive cocci, formerly known as nutritionally variant or deficient . Their role as causative agents of infective endocarditis (IE) is numerically uncertain, as well as diagnostic and clinical management of this infection. The aim of our study is to describe the clinical, microbiological, therapeutic, and prognosis of patients with IE caused by these microorganisms in a large microbiology department.
METHODS
Retrospective analysis of all the patients with spp. and spp. IE registered in our centre in the period 2004-2021.
RESULTS
Of the 822 IE in the study period, 10 (1.2%) were caused by spp. (7) or spp. (3). The species involved were (7), (2) and (1). Eight patients were male, their mean age was 46 years and four were younger than 21 years. The most frequent comorbidities were congenital heart disease (4; 40%) and the presence of intracardiac prosthetic material (5; 50%). IE occurred on 5 native valves and 5 prosthetic valve or material. Blood cultures were positive in 8/10 patients, within a mean incubation period of 18.07 hours. In the other two patients, a positive 16SPCR from valve or prosthetic material provided the diagnosis. Surgery for IE was performed in seven patients (70%) and in all cases positive PCR and sequencing from valve or prosthetic material was demonstrated. Valves and/or prosthetic removed material cultures were positive in four patients. Nine patients received ceftriaxone (4 in monotherapy and 5 in combination with other antibiotics). The mean length of treatment was 6 weeks and IE-associated mortality was 20% at one year follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS
spp. or spp. IE were infrequent but not exceptional in our environment and particularly affected patients with congenital heart disease or prosthetic material. Blood cultures and molecular methods allowed the diagnosis. Most of them required surgery and the associated mortality, in spite of a mean age of 46 years, was high.
Topics: Abiotrophia; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Carnobacteriaceae; Ceftriaxone; Endocarditis; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Retrospective Studies; Streptococcus
PubMed: 36137991
DOI: 10.31083/j.fbe1403023 -
PloS One 2018Fecal samples were collected from 92 bats in Slovenia, consisting of 12 different species, and the bacterial microbiota was assessed via next generation sequencing of...
METHODS
Fecal samples were collected from 92 bats in Slovenia, consisting of 12 different species, and the bacterial microbiota was assessed via next generation sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene V4 region.
RESULTS
Sequences were assigned to 28 different phyla, but only Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria accounted for ≥1% of sequences. One phylum (Proteobacteria), one class (Gammaproteobacteria), three orders (Pseudomonadales, Lactobacillales, Bacillales), four families (Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, Staphylococcaceae, Carnobacteriaceae), and five genera (Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Carnobacterium, an unclassified Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter) accounted for 50% of sequences. There were no significant differences in the relative abundances of any phyla between bat species, but various differences were noted at lower taxonomic levels, such as Enterobacteriaceae (P = 0.007, most abundant in M. blythii), Pseudomonadaceae (P = 0.007, most abundant in Rhinolophus hipposideros) and Chlamydiaceae (P = 0.04, most abundant in Myotis myotis). There were significant differences in richness between species in both adults and juveniles/subadults, but there was no impact of sex on any alpha diversity index. When only adults are considered, there were significant differences in community membership between M. blythii and M. emarginatus (P = 0.011), and M. blythii and R. hipposideros (P = 0.004). There were also significant differences in community structure between M. blythii and M. emarginatus (P = 0.025), and M. blythii and R. hipposideros (P = 0.026). When adults of the four main species were compared, 14 OTUs were identified as differentially abundant using LEfSe. Only one difference was identified when comparing R. hipposideros adults and juvenile/subadults, with Klebsiella over-represented in the younger bats.
CONCLUSIONS
Bats have a complex and diverse microbiota with a high relative abundance of Proteobacteria. The relevance of this difference is unclear and requires further study. Differences in the microbiota were observed between bat species, perhaps reflecting different diets and environmental exposures.
Topics: Animals; Bacteria; Chiroptera; DNA, Bacterial; Feces; Microbiota; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Slovenia
PubMed: 29791473
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196728