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Journal of Clinical Pathology Apr 1974Minocycline, a new tetracycline derivative, was found to inhibit the growth of Candida albicans. Inhibition was much affected by the composition of the medium and was...
Minocycline, a new tetracycline derivative, was found to inhibit the growth of Candida albicans. Inhibition was much affected by the composition of the medium and was difficult to demonstrate in fluid cultures. Study of the rate of budding in shallow broth cultures in Petri dishes showed that the addition of 20 mug/ml minocycline prolonged the lag phase by three hours. C. tropicalis was similarly inhibited and C. guilliermondii and C. parapsilosis to a lesser degree. Six other tetracyclines were tested and found to inhibit Candida only in very high concentrations.
Topics: Candida; Candida albicans; Chlortetracycline; Culture Media; Demeclocycline; Doxycycline; Glucose; Methacycline; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Minocycline; Oxytetracycline; Sucrose; Tetracycline
PubMed: 4212409
DOI: 10.1136/jcp.27.4.269 -
Proceedings of the National Academy of... Jul 1986The spectroscopic observation of 1268-nm emission of singlet oxygen photosensitized by tetracyclines in oxygenated solutions at room temperature is reported. In the...
The spectroscopic observation of 1268-nm emission of singlet oxygen photosensitized by tetracyclines in oxygenated solutions at room temperature is reported. In the series demeclocycline, tetracycline, and minocycline, the efficiency of singlet oxygen generation is found to parallel the clinical observation of relative frequency of phototoxicity of these antibiotics, suggesting singlet oxygen generation as the origin of their phototoxicity.
Topics: Demeclocycline; Light; Minocycline; Oxygen; Photochemistry; Spectrophotometry, Infrared; Spectrum Analysis; Tetracycline; Tetracyclines
PubMed: 3088562
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.83.13.4604 -
Bulletin of the World Health... 1972Each of the preparations described here was obtained and evaluated at the request of a WHO Expert Committee on Biological Standardization. Unless otherwise stated, a...
International standards and international reference preparations: amphotericin B, vancomycin, capreomycin, cefalotin, demethylchlortetracycline, gentamycin, gramicidin S, kanamycin and kanamycin B, lincomycin, lymecycline, methacycline, paromomycin, rifamycin SV, ristocetin and ristocetin B,...
Each of the preparations described here was obtained and evaluated at the request of a WHO Expert Committee on Biological Standardization. Unless otherwise stated, a standard procedure was used to distribute the material into individual ampoules. The procedure was as follows. Upon receipt by the National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), London, materials were stored temporarily in the dark at a temperature of -10 degrees C or lower, and protected from moisture. At a convenient time they were brought back to room temperature, mixed, and distributed into individual neutral glass ampoules so that each ampoule contained 50-100 mg of powder. If it was known that the material was light-sensitive non-actinic glass ampoules were used. After exhaustive drying in vacuum over phosphorus(V) oxide, the ampoules were either constricted (up to 1963) or fitted with capillary leak plugs, dried for a further period under the same conditions, filled with dry nitrogen, and sealed by fusion of the glass. The total drying period varied from 8 to 38 days according to the nature of the material. After they had been tested for leaks, the ampoules were stored in the dark at -20 degrees C.
Topics: Amphotericin B; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antitubercular Agents; Capreomycin; Cephalothin; Demeclocycline; Gentamicins; International Cooperation; Kanamycin; Leucomycins; Lincomycin; Lymecycline; Methacycline; Paromomycin; Rifamycins; Ristocetin; Troleandomycin; Tyrothricin; Vancomycin; World Health Organization
PubMed: 4119514
DOI: No ID Found -
Frontiers in Pediatrics 2021Suprasellar arachnoid cysts represent a rare occurrence in the pediatric population and usually cause symptoms related to mass effect and can occasionally cause...
Suprasellar arachnoid cysts represent a rare occurrence in the pediatric population and usually cause symptoms related to mass effect and can occasionally cause endocrine dysfunctions. The association between SAC and the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) in the pediatric population has rarely been described previously. In most cases, SIADH is temporary and resolves by treating the underlying cause. The first-line treatment consists of fluid restriction in asymptomatic children. Oral urea and demeclocycline are other effective treatment options. Vaptans are a new class of medication for the management of SIADH. These agents are a nonpeptide vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist that selectively antagonizes the antidiuretic effect of AVP, resulting in excretion of diluted urine or "aquaresis." Their efficacy has been shown in adult patients with euvolemic or hypervolemic hyponatremia. However, evidence is lacking in pediatric patients with SIADH. We report the case of a 9-year-old female child with a SAC, who underwent endoscopic fenestration at the age of 2 years. After surgery she developed chronic hyponatremia due to SIADH. Hyponatremia was refractory to treatment with fluid restriction, oral sodium, and urea. In order to normalize serum sodium levels, tolvaptan treatment was started on a compassionate-use basis; 24-48 h later serum sodium levels returned to normal. To date, tolvaptan has been used regularly for 6 years with no side effects occurring during the treatment period. This is the first case of a child with chronic SIADH secondary to SAC successfully treated with tolvaptan. Further studies are needed to demonstrate its usefulness on a broader case series.
PubMed: 34336740
DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.684131 -
Food Frontiers Jun 2020Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and main protease (M) are significant target proteins, mainly involved in the attachment of viral genome to host cells and aid in...
Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and main protease (M) are significant target proteins, mainly involved in the attachment of viral genome to host cells and aid in replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronaviruses or SARS-CoV genome. In the present study, we identified 11 potent bioactive compounds from ethanolic leaf extract of (L.) by using GC-MS analysis. These potential bioactive compounds were considered for molecular docking studies against ACE2 and M target proteins to determine the antiviral effects against SARS-COV. Results exhibits that among 11 compounds from (L.), urso-deoxycholic acid, demeclocycline, tetracycline, chlorotetracycline, and ethyl iso-allocholate had potential viral inhibitory activity. Hence, the present findings suggested that chemical constitution present in (L.) will address inhibition of corona viral replication in host cells.
PubMed: 32838301
DOI: 10.1002/fft2.29 -
Australian Dental Journal Sep 2010The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial effect of endodontic medicaments and their bases in the presence of dentine powder.
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial effect of endodontic medicaments and their bases in the presence of dentine powder.
METHODS
The medicaments tested were Ledermix paste, Pulpdent paste, a 50:50 combination of the Pulpdent:Ledermix and their bases. The test organism was Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212. The presence or absence of dentine was examined as well as the effect of autoclaving dentine. Serial dilutions of samples at 1 hour, 1 day and 3 days were used for colony counting. The effects of dentine powder on pH for saturated Ca(OH)2 solution and Pulpdent paste at 1 hour and 24 hours were also measured.
RESULTS
Pulpdent and the 50:50 combination of Pulpdent:Ledermix completely inhibited the growth of E. faecalis from 1 hour onwards, and these results were not affected by the presence/absence of dentine powder, pre-incubation period, timing of autoclaving, or exposure time. Saturated solutions of Ca(OH)2 are prone to inactivation by dentine powder unlike Pulpdent paste. Ledermix paste took 3 days to exert a significant effect on the growth of E. faecalis.
CONCLUSIONS
In this laboratory study, both Pulpdent and the 50:50 mixture of Pulpdent with Ledermix were effective medicaments against E. faecalis in the presence of dentine powder.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Infective Agents; Bacterial Load; Calcium Hydroxide; Demeclocycline; Dentin; Disinfection; Drug Combinations; Enterococcus faecalis; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Materials Testing; Methylcellulose; Particle Size; Pharmaceutical Vehicles; Polyethylene Glycols; Root Canal Irrigants; Solubility; Solutions; Time Factors; Triamcinolone Acetonide; Water
PubMed: 20887518
DOI: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2010.01238.x -
Postgraduate Medical Journal Sep 1978A patient with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone release (SIADH) following head injury and meningitis was studied during treatment with demeclocycline,...
A patient with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone release (SIADH) following head injury and meningitis was studied during treatment with demeclocycline, a drug known to produce a reversible nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. No changes were observed during six days of demeclocycline 1200 mg/24 hr but urine output increased significantly, with the production of a dilute urine, when the dose was increased to 2400 mg/24 hr. The patient lost weight, and all biochemical features of the syndrome were rapidly corrected despite an unchanged fluid intake and despite the persistence of high plasma levels of ADH. The rise in serum sodium was accompanied by mild sodium retention, as measured by external balance and exchangeable sodium. A complication of treatment was the development of acute renal failure possibly induced by a nephrotoxic effect of high circulating levels of demeclocyline. On stopping demeclocyline renal function returned to normal and, after some delay, SIADH returned, and was still present 9 months after initial presentation. This confirms earlier reports of the efficacy of demeclocycline in SIADH; but the authors advise caution against increasing the dose above 1200 mg/24 hr.
Topics: Demeclocycline; Humans; Inappropriate ADH Syndrome; Male; Middle Aged; Sodium; Time Factors; Vasopressins
PubMed: 103083
DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.54.635.623 -
Acta Biochimica Et Biophysica Sinica Dec 20176-Demethylchlortetracycline (6-DCT), a tetracycline antibiotic produced by Streptomyces aureofaciens, is a crucial precursor employed for the semi-synthesis of...
6-Demethylchlortetracycline (6-DCT), a tetracycline antibiotic produced by Streptomyces aureofaciens, is a crucial precursor employed for the semi-synthesis of tigecycline, minocycline, and amadacyclin (PTK 0796). In this study, the 6-DCT biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) was cloned from genomic DNA of a high 6-DCT-producing strain, S. aureofaciens DM-1, using the transformation-associated recombination method. An extra copy of the 6-DCT BGC was introduced and integrated into the chromosome of S. aureofaciens DM-1. Duplication of the 6-DCT BGC resulted in a maximum increase of the 6-DCT titer by 34%.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Demeclocycline; Multigene Family; Recombination, Genetic; Streptomyces aureofaciens
PubMed: 29087452
DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmx110 -
Oncotarget Dec 2016Generalized arterial calcification of infancy (GACI) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by early onset of extensive mineralization of the cardiovascular... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Generalized arterial calcification of infancy (GACI) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by early onset of extensive mineralization of the cardiovascular system. The classical forms of GACI are caused by mutations in the ENPP1 gene, encoding a membrane-bound pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase that hydrolyzes ATP to AMP and inorganic pyrophosphate. The asj-2J mouse harboring a spontaneous mutation in the Enpp1 gene has been characterized as a model for GACI. These mutant mice develop ectopic mineralization in skin and vascular connective tissues as well as in cartilage and collagen-rich tendons and ligaments. This study examined in detail the temporal ectopic mineralization phenotype of connective tissues in this mouse model, utilizing a novel cryo-histological method that does not require decalcification of bones. The wild type, heterozygous, and homozygous mice were administered fluorescent mineralization labels at 4 weeks (calcein), 10 weeks (alizarin complexone), and 11 weeks of age (demeclocycline). Twenty-four hours later, outer ears, muzzle skin, trachea, aorta, shoulders, and vertebrae were collected from these mice and examined for progression of mineralization. The results revealed differential timeline for disease initiation and progression in various tissues of this mouse model. It also highlights the advantages of cryo-histological fluorescent imaging technique to study mineral deposition in mouse models of ectopic mineralization disorders.
Topics: Animals; Anthraquinones; Connective Tissue; Demeclocycline; Disease Progression; Fluoresceins; Fluorescent Dyes; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Heterozygote; Homozygote; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Mutant Strains; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Mutation; Phenotype; Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; Pyrophosphatases; Time Factors; Vascular Calcification
PubMed: 27863377
DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13335 -
Kidney International Sep 1980Clonidine, an antihypertensive drug that inhibits renin release and causes a water diuresis in normal animals, was tested for its ability to reduce the severity of...
Clonidine, an antihypertensive drug that inhibits renin release and causes a water diuresis in normal animals, was tested for its ability to reduce the severity of post-ischemic acute renal failure produced in rabbits by clamping the left renal pedicle for 1 hour and removing the opposite kidney. Clonidine significantly lessened renal failure when given during, or 1 hours after, the ischemic insult in dehydrated rabbits. It was also effective when given during the ischemic insult in vasopressin-treated water-drinking rabbits but not in control water-drinking rabbits. In vasopressin-treated rabbits, clonidine lessened renal failure observed 2 days after the ischemic insult despite the fact that in the immediate postischemic period it lowered total renal blood flow, produced hypotension, and did not bring about lower plasma renin levels. Clonidine treatment resulted in less outer medullary microvascular damage (demonstrated by colloidal carbon staining), higher outer medullary blood flow 1 to 2 hours after unclamping, fewer casts, and higher creatinine clearance and free water clearance/creatinine clearance 4 to 6 hours after unclamping compared with controls. The effect of clonidine was unrelated to plasma renin activity. Clonidine did not alter plasma vasopressin concentration. Demeclocycline and lithium, two agents that blunt renal responsiveness to vasopressin, had a beneficial effect in dehydrated animals similar to that of clonidine, but the angiotensin II antagonist saralasin and the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor SQ20881 did not. Normal rabbits given a large dose of vasopressin in oil plus clonidine had significantly greater urine output and free water clearance and lower urine osmolality than did rabbits given vasopressin in oil alone. These results suggest that clonidine may be beneficial because it prevents ischemic microvascular injury in the renal outer medulla, an effect that may decrease tubular obstruction by lessening desquamation of damaged tubular cells or cell constituents into the tubular lumen. Clonidine may also decrease formation of obstructive hyaline casts in collecting ducts by blunting the kidney's response to vasopressin and increasing tubular fluid flow rate.
Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Animals; Clonidine; Creatinine; Disease Models, Animal; Diuresis; Female; Ischemia; Kidney; Microcirculation; Nephrectomy; Rabbits; Regional Blood Flow; Vasopressins
PubMed: 7463946
DOI: 10.1038/ki.1980.141