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Cell Jun 2013Aging is characterized by a progressive loss of physiological integrity, leading to impaired function and increased vulnerability to death. This deterioration is the... (Review)
Review
Aging is characterized by a progressive loss of physiological integrity, leading to impaired function and increased vulnerability to death. This deterioration is the primary risk factor for major human pathologies, including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. Aging research has experienced an unprecedented advance over recent years, particularly with the discovery that the rate of aging is controlled, at least to some extent, by genetic pathways and biochemical processes conserved in evolution. This Review enumerates nine tentative hallmarks that represent common denominators of aging in different organisms, with special emphasis on mammalian aging. These hallmarks are: genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, deregulated nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, and altered intercellular communication. A major challenge is to dissect the interconnectedness between the candidate hallmarks and their relative contributions to aging, with the final goal of identifying pharmaceutical targets to improve human health during aging, with minimal side effects.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Cellular Senescence; Epigenesis, Genetic; Genomic Instability; Humans; Telomere
PubMed: 23746838
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2013.05.039 -
American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine 2016What began as a National Geographic expedition, lead by Dan Buettner, to uncover the secrets of longevity, evolved into the discovery of the 5 places around the world... (Review)
Review
What began as a National Geographic expedition, lead by Dan Buettner, to uncover the secrets of longevity, evolved into the discovery of the 5 places around the world where people consistently live over 100 years old, dubbed the Blue Zones. Dan and his team of demographers, scientist and anthropologists were able to distill the evidence-based common denominators of these Blue Zones into 9 commonalities that they call the Power 9. They have since taken these principles into communities across the United States working with policy makers, local businesses, schools and individuals to shape the environments of the Blue Zones Project Communities. What has been found is that putting the responsibility of curating a healthy environment on an individual does not work, but through policy and environmental changes the Blue Zones Project Communities have been able to increase life expectancy, reduce obesity and make the healthy choice the easy choice for millions of Americans.
PubMed: 30202288
DOI: 10.1177/1559827616637066 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2022Inflammation and a dysregulated immune system are common denominators of cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Immuno-cardio-oncology addresses the interconnected... (Review)
Review
Inflammation and a dysregulated immune system are common denominators of cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Immuno-cardio-oncology addresses the interconnected immunological aspect in both cancer and CVD and the integration of immunotherapies and anti-inflammatory therapies in both distinct disease entities. Building on prominent examples of convergent inflammation (IL-1ß biology) and immune disbalance (CD20 cells) in cancer and CVD/heart failure, the review tackles both the roadblocks and opportunities of repurposed use of IL-1ß drugs and anti-CD20 antibodies in both fields, and discusses the use of advanced therapies e.g. chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, that can address the raising burden of both cancer and CVD. Finally, it is discussed how inspired by precision medicine in oncology, the use of biomarker-driven patient stratification is needed to better guide anti-inflammatory/immunomodulatory therapeutic interventions in cardiology.
Topics: Humans; Medical Oncology; Heart; Immunotherapy; Cardiovascular Diseases; Inflammation
PubMed: 36466820
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1018772 -
Journal of Biosciences 2023The past few decades have seen a rise in research on vertebrate cilia and ciliopathy, with interesting collaborations between basic and clinical scientists. This work... (Review)
Review
The past few decades have seen a rise in research on vertebrate cilia and ciliopathy, with interesting collaborations between basic and clinical scientists. This work includes studies on ciliary architecture, composition, evolution, and organelle generation and its biological role. The human body has cells that harbour any of the following four types of cilia: 9+0 motile, 9+0 immotile, 9+2 motile, and 9+2 immotile. Depending on the type, cilia play an important role in cell/fluid movement, mating, sensory perception, and development. Defects in cilia are associated with a wide range of human diseases afflicting the brain, heart, kidneys, respiratory tract, and reproductive system. These are commonly known as ciliopathies and affect millions of people worldwide. Due to their complex genetic etiology, diagnosis and therapy have remained elusive. Although model organisms like have been a useful source for ciliary research, reports of a fascinating and rewarding translation of this research into mammalian systems, especially humans, are seen. The current review peeks into one of the complex features of this organelle, namely its birth, the common denominators across the formation of both 9+0 and 9+2 ciliary types, the molecules involved in ciliogenesis, and the steps that go towards regulating their assembly and disassembly.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Cilia; Ciliopathies; Cell Movement; Organelles; Cell Communication; Mammals
PubMed: 36924208
DOI: 10.1007/s12038-023-00326-6 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Mar 2019Periodontitis is a highly prevalent chronic inflammatory disease, which is associated with a range of comorbid conditions, for which chronic low-grade inflammation is a... (Review)
Review
Periodontitis is a highly prevalent chronic inflammatory disease, which is associated with a range of comorbid conditions, for which chronic low-grade inflammation is a common pathogenetic denominator. This review provides a summary of the current evidence on comorbitidy of periodontitis and highlights some of the potential clinical implications.
Topics: Chronic Disease; Comorbidity; Humans; Inflammation; Periodontitis
PubMed: 30935457
DOI: No ID Found -
Cancers Oct 2022Endocrine and neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) represent a group of heterogeneous malignancies that have endocrine cell onset as a common denominator [...].
Endocrine and neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) represent a group of heterogeneous malignancies that have endocrine cell onset as a common denominator [...].
PubMed: 36291777
DOI: 10.3390/cancers14204994 -
Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing :... Aug 2020
Topics: COVID-19; Humans; Incidence; SARS-CoV-2; United States
PubMed: 32576505
DOI: 10.1016/j.jopan.2020.05.003 -
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2018Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is one of the most important infectious diseases of cattle with respect to animal health and economic impact. Its stealthy nature, prolonged... (Review)
Review
Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is one of the most important infectious diseases of cattle with respect to animal health and economic impact. Its stealthy nature, prolonged transient infections, and the presence of persistently infected (PI) animals as efficient reservoirs were responsible for its ubiquitous presence in cattle populations worldwide. Whereas it was initially thought that the infection was impossible to control, effective systematic control strategies have emerged over the last 25 years. The common denominators of all successful control programs were systematic control, removal of PI animals, movement controls for infected herds, strict biosecurity, and surveillance. Scandinavian countries, Austria, and Switzerland successfully implemented these control programs without using vaccination. Vaccination as an optional and additional control tool was used by e.g., Germany, Belgium, Ireland, and Scotland. The economic benefits of BVD control programs had been assessed in different studies.
PubMed: 29518049
DOI: 10.3390/pathogens7010029 -
Journal of Clinical Epidemiology Oct 2020
Topics: COVID-19; Data Analysis; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Evidence-Based Medicine; Female; Humans; Male; Mathematics; Policy Making; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 32980129
DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2020.09.013 -
Clinical Microbiology and Infection :... Jun 2014Zygomycosis (mucormycosis) is being increasingly recognized as causing infection in recent years. National and multinational European surveys attempting to analyse the... (Review)
Review
Zygomycosis (mucormycosis) is being increasingly recognized as causing infection in recent years. National and multinational European surveys attempting to analyse the epidemiological parameters of this potentially devastating infection are very few. Although the exact incidence could not be defined due to the different methodologies used in these studies and the absence of a denominator, there were some useful observations made regarding the clinical presentation, sites of infection and diagnostic practices. Moreover, the importance for a prompt and accurate diagnosis has been stressed. As early diagnosis can significantly affect the initiation of treatment and decrease mortality, future research should focus on the development of an epidemiological risk assessment tool and novel diagnostic methods.
Topics: Comorbidity; Europe; Humans; Incidence; Mortality; Mucorales; Mucormycosis
PubMed: 24476100
DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12563