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Indian Journal of Occupational and... 2023The contemporary workplace creates a challenge toward physicians and their teams. They are forced into a situation, in which to be competitive they must have skills...
CONTEXT
The contemporary workplace creates a challenge toward physicians and their teams. They are forced into a situation, in which to be competitive they must have skills outside of their medical specialty, such as health management, pedagogy, and information and communication technologies.
AIM
To analyze the level of stress and burnout among the medical employees in the hospital care.
SETTINGS AND DESIGN
Healthcare professionals from three private, municipal, and regional hospitals filled a questionnaire in the time period January-March 2021.
METHODS AND MATERIAL
An adapted Maslach Burnout Inventory 55 question questionnaire was used and analyzed.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED
One-way ANOVA, correlation, and multiple regression analysis in SPSS.
RESULTS
We identified high levels of emotional exhaustion (>62% report high signs or above), high levels of depersonalization (>70% report signs of depersonalization), and low levels of personal accomplishment (<39% have below average sense of achievements).
CONCLUSIONS
Despite the physicians and their teams reporting high levels of workload and stress, the satisfaction from work has not diminished and the evaluation for the quality of provided work is still high. Additional research into the topic is required with focus on comparison between hospital physicians and primary care physicians.
PubMed: 37303989
DOI: 10.4103/ijoem.ijoem_221_22 -
La Clinica Terapeutica 2020Burnout is a set of psychological manifestations ("emotional exhaustion", "depersonalization" and reduced "personal accomplishment") that principally affects healthcare...
INTRODUCTION
Burnout is a set of psychological manifestations ("emotional exhaustion", "depersonalization" and reduced "personal accomplishment") that principally affects healthcare professionals.
OBJECTIVES
Analysis of the level of burnout among twelve nurses who work in two Italian prisons.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The Maslach Burnout Inventory was administered. In order to explore possible correlations between the three dimensions of the Maslach Burnout Inventory and such variables as age, years of service in general and years of service in prisons, multiple regression based on the ordinary least squares method (OLS model) was performed.
RESULTS
The response rate was 100%, of whom 66.6% female and 33.4% male. The average age is 38.1 years. Over half of the sample had worked from 0 to 10 years in prisons (58.4%), and only one respondent had done so between 21 and 30 years (8.3%). The data indicate that the highest levels of burnout concerned the dimension of "depersonalization" (66.7%) and "personal accomplishment" (41.6%). Emotional exhaustion of nurses in carrying out their work diminished with the increase of the independent variable of "personal accomplishment" (p-value 0.0361); it increased with the increase of the age variable (p-value 0.0117). Personal accomplishment decreased with the increase of the independent variables of emotional exhaustion (p-value 0.0361) and years of service in prisons (p-value 0.0238). For depersonalization, no statistically significant coefficients were observed. Model 1 of multiple regression showed a significant statistical association between the emotional exhaustion (dependent variable) and personal achievement (p-value 0.0361), and increase in age (p-value 0.0117). Model 2 showed significant statistical association between personal achievement (dependent variable) and emotional exhaustion (p=value 0.0361) and years of service nursing in prisons (p-value 0.0238). Model 3 showed no statistical association between depersonalization (dependent variable) and the other variables.
CONCLUSIONS
While twelve nurses formed this small sample, the study nonetheless indicated how the variables examined can influence the levels of burnout. Given that thorough inquiries into the levels of burnout among nurses who work in Italian prisons, specifically in the Marche Region, have yet to be conducted, this pilot study can serve as a point of reference for future research to improve evidence-based medicine.
Topics: Adult; Burnout, Professional; Emotions; Female; Humans; Italy; Male; Middle Aged; Nurses; Prisons; Risk Factors
PubMed: 32614363
DOI: 10.7417/CT.2020.2233 -
Frontiers in Neurology 2021To characterise the psychiatric symptoms of visual snow syndrome (VSS), and determine their relationship to quality of life and severity of visual symptoms. One...
To characterise the psychiatric symptoms of visual snow syndrome (VSS), and determine their relationship to quality of life and severity of visual symptoms. One hundred twenty-five patients with VSS completed a battery of questionnaires assessing depression/anxiety, dissociative experiences (depersonalisation), sleep quality, fatigue, and quality of life, as well as a structured clinical interview about their visual and sensory symptoms. VSS patients showed high rates of anxiety and depression, depersonalisation, fatigue, and poor sleep, which significantly impacted quality of life. Further, psychiatric symptoms, particularly depersonalisation, were related to increased severity of visual symptoms. The severity/frequency of psychiatric symptoms did not differ significantly due to the presence of migraine, patient sex, or timing of VSS onset (lifelong vs. later onset). Psychiatric symptoms are highly prevalent in patients with VSS and are associated with increased visual symptom severity and reduced quality of life. Importantly, patients with lifelong VSS reported lower levels of distress and milder self-ratings of visual symptoms compared to patients with a later onset, while being equally likely to experience psychiatric symptoms. This suggests that the psychiatric symptoms of VSS are not solely due to distress caused by visual symptoms. While no consistently effective treatments are available for the visual symptomology of VSS, psychiatric symptoms offer an avenue of treatment that is likely to significantly improve patient quality of life and ability to cope with visual symptoms.
PubMed: 34393980
DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.703006 -
Atencion Primaria Feb 2017To determine the risk factors and levels of burnout in Primary Care nurses. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To determine the risk factors and levels of burnout in Primary Care nurses.
METHODS
A systematic review was performed.
DATA SOURCES
CINAHL, CUIDEN, LILACS, PubMed, ProQuest, ScienceDirect and Scopus databases were consulted. Search equations were 'burnout AND community health nursing' and 'burnout AND primary care nursing'. The search was performed in October 2015.
STUDY SELECTION
The final sample was n=12 studies. Quantitative primary studies that used Maslach Burnout Inventory for burnout assessment in Primary Care nurses were included without restriction by publication date.
DATA EXTRACTION
The main variables were the mean and standard deviation of the three burnout dimensions, high, medium and low prevalence rates of each dimension, and socio-demographic, occupational and psychological variables that potentially influence burnout level.
RESULTS
Studies show high prevalence rates, generally between 23% and 31%, of emotional exhaustion. The prevalence rates of high depersonalisation and low personal accomplishment show heterogeneity, varying between 8%-32% and 4%-92% of the sample, respectively. Studies show that older nurses with more seniority, anxiety and depression, among other variables, have higher burnout levels, while nurses with higher salary, high job satisfaction, organisational support, and good self-concept have less burnout.
CONCLUSION
High emotional exhaustion is the main affected dimension of burnout in Primary Care nursing. There is heterogeneity in depersonalisation and personal accomplishment. Burnout must be prevented in these professionals, by increasing protective factors and monitoring its appearance in those with risk factors.
Topics: Burnout, Professional; Humans; Primary Care Nursing; Risk Factors
PubMed: 27363394
DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2016.05.004 -
Neurobiology of Sleep and Circadian... Nov 2020Depersonalization is characterized by feelings of detachment from reality and has been associated with anxiety and depression, both of which have a bi-directional...
OBJECTIVES
Depersonalization is characterized by feelings of detachment from reality and has been associated with anxiety and depression, both of which have a bi-directional relationship with sleep. To date, few studies have directly examined the potential relationship between sleep and depersonalization, which was the primary objective of our study.
DESIGN/METHODS
A cross-sectional study of female, Emirati, university students (n = 100) was conducted. Participants completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Cambridge Depersonalization Scale (CDS) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Additionally, 36 of the 100 participants wore wrist actigraphy for two consecutive weekdays. Average sleep duration, and average sleep efficiency (SE; %) across the two nocturnal sleep episodes were calculated. Total number of sleep episodes were obtained from wrist actigraphy and sleep logs.
RESULTS
A significant, positive relationship was observed between PSQI global score and CDS total score (r = 0.21, p = 0.04). Actigraphy-estimated average nocturnal sleep duration was not significantly associated with the CDS. Compared to nocturnal sleepers only, those who undertook daytime naps had almost three times the risk of meeting the criteria for depersonalization disorder (OR = 2.95, 95% CI: 1.04-8.41), after adjustment. For each 1% increase in SE a 23% decreased risk of depersonalization was observed (OR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.61-0.96), after adjustment.
CONCLUSIONS
Sleep screening in young adults may help to ensure better detection and management of psychological health outcomes. Our findings need to be confirmed prospectively in larger samples and amongst different populations but reiterate the importance of sleep habits pertaining to mental health.
PubMed: 33364526
DOI: 10.1016/j.nbscr.2020.100059 -
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management Sep 2017Direct care workers in long-term care can develop close relationships with their patients and subsequently experience significant grief after patient death. Consequences...
CONTEXT
Direct care workers in long-term care can develop close relationships with their patients and subsequently experience significant grief after patient death. Consequences of this experience for employment outcomes have received little attention.
OBJECTIVES
To investigate staff, institutional, patient, and grief factors as predictors of burnout dimensions among direct care workers who had experienced recent patient death; determine which specific aspects of these factors are of particular importance; and establish grief as an independent predictor of burnout dimensions.
METHODS
Participants were 140 certified nursing assistants and 80 homecare workers who recently experienced patient death. Data collection involved comprehensive semistructured in-person interviews. Standardized assessments and structured questions addressed staff, patient, and institutional characteristics, grief symptoms and grief avoidance, as well as burnout dimensions (depersonalization, emotional exhaustion, and personal accomplishment).
RESULTS
Hierarchical regressions revealed that grief factors accounted for unique variance in depersonalization, over and above staff, patient, and institutional factors. Supervisor support and caregiving benefits were consistently associated with higher levels on burnout dimensions. In contrast, coworker support was associated with a higher likelihood of depersonalization and emotional exhaustion.
CONCLUSION
Findings suggest that grief over patient death plays an overlooked role in direct care worker burnout. High supervisor support and caregiving benefits may have protective effects with respect to burnout, whereas high coworker support may constitute a reflection of burnout.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Burnout, Professional; Death; Depersonalization; Female; Grief; Home Health Aides; Humans; Interviews as Topic; Male; Middle Aged; Nursing Assistants; Regression Analysis; Social Support; Young Adult
PubMed: 28797866
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2017.06.006 -
Frontiers in Digital Health 2021Artificial intelligence (AI) tools are increasingly being used within healthcare for various purposes, including helping patients to adhere to drug regimens. The aim of... (Review)
Review
Artificial intelligence (AI) tools are increasingly being used within healthcare for various purposes, including helping patients to adhere to drug regimens. The aim of this narrative review was to describe: (1) studies on AI tools that can be used to measure and increase medication adherence in patients with non-communicable diseases (NCDs); (2) the benefits of using AI for these purposes; (3) challenges of the use of AI in healthcare; and (4) priorities for future research. We discuss the current AI technologies, including mobile phone applications, reminder systems, tools for patient empowerment, instruments that can be used in integrated care, and machine learning. The use of AI may be key to understanding the complex interplay of factors that underly medication non-adherence in NCD patients. AI-assisted interventions aiming to improve communication between patients and physicians, monitor drug consumption, empower patients, and ultimately, increase adherence levels may lead to better clinical outcomes and increase the quality of life of NCD patients. However, the use of AI in healthcare is challenged by numerous factors; the characteristics of users can impact the effectiveness of an AI tool, which may lead to further inequalities in healthcare, and there may be concerns that it could depersonalize medicine. The success and widespread use of AI technologies will depend on data storage capacity, processing power, and other infrastructure capacities within healthcare systems. Research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of AI solutions in different patient groups and establish the barriers to widespread adoption, especially in light of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has led to a rapid increase in the use and development of digital health technologies.
PubMed: 34713142
DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2021.669869 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2024Burnout is a longstanding issue among educators and has been associated with psychological and physical health problems such as depression, and insomnia.
BACKGROUND
Burnout is a longstanding issue among educators and has been associated with psychological and physical health problems such as depression, and insomnia.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the prevalence and predictors of the three dimensions of burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and lack of professional accomplishment) among elementary and high school teachers.
METHODS
This is a quantitative cross-sectional study with data collected via an online survey. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Educator Survey (MBI-ES), the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) and the Perceived Stress Scale were used, respectively, to assess burnout, resilience and stress among teachers. Data was collected between September 1st, 2022 and August 30th, 2023. SPSS (version 28, IBM Corp) was used for the data analysis.
RESULTS
Overall, 1912 educators received a link to the online survey via a text message, and 780 completed the burnout survey questions, resulting in a response rate of 41%. The prevalence of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and lack of professional accomplishment were 76.9, 23.2, and 30.8%, respectively. Participants with high-stress symptoms were 6.88 times more likely to experience emotional exhaustion (OR = 6.88; 95% CI: 3.31-14.29), 2.55 times (OR = 2.55; 95% CI: 1.65-3.93) more likely to experience depersonalization and 2.34 times (OR = 2.34; 95% CI: 1.64-3.35) more likely to experience lack of professional fulfilment. Additionally, respondents with low resilience were 3.26 times more likely to experience emotional exhaustion symptoms (OR = 3.26; 95% CI: 2.00-5.31), than those with high resilience. Males were about 2.4 times more likely to present with depersonalization compared to female teachers, whilst those who indicated their marital status as partnered or cohabiting and those who selected "other" were 3.5 and 7.3 times, respectively, more likely to present with depersonalization compared with those who were single. Finally, Physical Education were 3.8 times more likely to present with depersonalization compared with English teachers.
CONCLUSION
The current study highlights the predictive effects of low resilience and high stress on the three dimensions of burnout among teachers in Canada. Interventions aimed at addressing systemic stress and fostering resilience are needed to reduce burnout among teachers.
Topics: Humans; School Teachers; Burnout, Professional; Cross-Sectional Studies; Male; Female; Prevalence; Adult; Surveys and Questionnaires; Middle Aged; Canada; Resilience, Psychological; Stress, Psychological
PubMed: 38737860
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1396461 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jan 2024Work engagement represents a positive work-related state of mind characterized by three dimensions: Vigor (high levels of energy and mental resilience during work),...
Work engagement represents a positive work-related state of mind characterized by three dimensions: Vigor (high levels of energy and mental resilience during work), Dedication (strong involvement in one's work), and Absorption (complete-joyous immersion in one's tasks). This study aimed to investigate work engagement and burnout in health professionals in a private healthcare unit in Greece. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 151 professionals, including doctors, nurses, administrative staff, and other health professionals involved in this setting. The study duration was four months (January-April 2022). The questionnaire covered sociodemographic and work-related information, along with the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Regarding the subdimensions of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, participants demonstrated a moderate score in Absorption and medium to high scores in Vigor and Dedication. In terms of burnout, they showed a low score in Depersonalization, a medium score in Emotional Exhaustion, and a high score in Personal Accomplishment. Those with nonpermanent employment contracts scored higher in all dimensions of burnout compared to those with permanent employment contracts. Vigor, Dedication, and Absorption correlated negatively with Emotional Exhaustion and Depersonalization and positively with Personal Accomplishment. Vigor negatively predicted Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization, and Personal Accomplishment. In conclusion, healthcare professionals in the private healthcare sector in Greece demonstrate moderate work engagement and experience moderate burnout. There are differences in work engagement and burnout based on sociodemographic and work-related characteristics. Promoting work engagement (especially the dimension of Vigor) is essential to preventing and addressing burnout among healthcare professionals.
Topics: Humans; Cross-Sectional Studies; Greece; Burnout, Professional; Delivery of Health Care; Work Engagement; Psychological Tests; Self Report
PubMed: 38397621
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21020130 -
Heliyon Oct 2022Twisties symptoms have attracted the world's attention in the sports field since the 2020 Tokyo Olympics.
RESEARCH BACKGROUND
Twisties symptoms have attracted the world's attention in the sports field since the 2020 Tokyo Olympics.
AIM
However, studies on the symptoms and causes, inducing mechanisms, and relationships between DP/DR (Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder) and anxiety and depression for athletes have been sparse for both the general population and athletes. The literature on the twisties issue of athletes is quite scarce in the past.
RESEARCH METHOD
Adopting the criteria appealing to PRISMA Items to review the subject twisties in a broader mode and combing with the IPO (Input-Process-Output) model for triangulation testing purpose, this study categorized the literature to explore input variables causing athletes' twisties and identified process variables in psychological mechanisms bridging suppression and finally discussed the existing possible ways in helping athletes to solve problems caused by twisties.
RESULTS
The authors formed 6 propositions in summarizing twisties' influential factors and mechanisms and tried to propose solutions to reduce the stress and the relevant twisties symptom of athletes. (1) Promotion of Athletes' Mental Toughness to Resist Stressors. (2) Interventions that correct for cognitive misinterpretations and appropriate relaxation and mindfulness practice in correcting a range of attention might reduce DP/DR. (3) Monitoring the athlete's HRV test results to ensure the Athlete's ability to resist pressure. (4) Avoid organizational stressors. (5) Written Emotional Disclosure method. (6) Improve various support systems for athletes: dual career paths. (7) Athletes' Stressful Awareness about the impact of gender, seniority, and environment.
CONCLUSION
Through the theoretical dialogue on the symptom of twisties, this study helps promote the development of the research of "twisties" and depersonalization-derealization symptoms (DDS); both have been under-researched.
PubMed: 36276731
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11040