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Schweizer Archiv Fur Tierheilkunde May 2005Feline dermatophytosis is a superficial skin infection characterized by the invasion of cornified tissues such as hair and nails. This infection is nearly always caused... (Review)
Review
Feline dermatophytosis is a superficial skin infection characterized by the invasion of cornified tissues such as hair and nails. This infection is nearly always caused by Microsporum canis. Infected animals release infective spores in the environment which will then contaminate other animals or humans. Infected animals usually develop immunity so the infection will spontaneously disappear after a few weeks to months. Long haired and immunocom-promised cats do not have the same ability to acquire resistance and spontaneous recovery does usually not occur. The treatment of such an infection will require topical and systemic treatment of all contaminated and in-contact cats. The use of desinfectants such as bleach or enilconazole has been proven effective to destroy the spores in the environment. In addition, the efficacy of topical and systemic treatments with azole derivates or allylamines has also been demonstrated in several studies. On the contrary, dermatophyte vaccination has never been proven effective in well controlled studies. Regular follow-up and fungal cultures are mandatory to ensure succesfull treatment.
Topics: Animals; Antifungal Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dermatomycoses; Immunocompromised Host; Microsporum; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 15929601
DOI: 10.1024/0036-7281.147.5.205 -
Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery May 2014Dermatophytosis (ringworm) is the most important infectious and contagious skin disease of cats in shelters. Its importance relates to the fact that it can affect all... (Review)
Review
PRACTICAL RELEVANCE
Dermatophytosis (ringworm) is the most important infectious and contagious skin disease of cats in shelters. Its importance relates to the fact that it can affect all cats, but tends to affect those which would otherwise have good chances for adoption. Although many diseases in shelters fit this description, dermatophytosis is of particular significance because of associated public health concerns.
CLINICAL CHALLENGES
Disease management in animal shelters is challenging because new animals are frequently entering the population, numerous animals are often housed together, and resources are almost always limited. GLOBAL RELEVANCE: Outbreaks of dermatophytosis occur worldwide and no animal shelter is completely shielded from possible introduction of the disease into the population.
AUDIENCE
This article offers a flexible stepwise approach to dealing with a known or suspected outbreak of dermatophytosis in an animal shelter. It is based on the authors' experiences spanning more than a decade of responses and/or consultations. While primarily aimed at veterinarians involved in shelter medicine, the principles largely apply to other group-housing situations, such as catteries and breeding establishments.
AIMS
The goals in dealing with a potential dermatophytosis outbreak are to ascertain if the 'outbreak' is actually an outbreak, to develop a shelter-specific outbreak management plan and to implement a long-term plan to prevent recurrences.
Topics: Animal Husbandry; Animal Welfare; Animals; Antifungal Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dermatomycoses; Disease Outbreaks; Disinfection; Housing, Animal; Infection Control; Tinea; Veterinary Medicine
PubMed: 24794037
DOI: 10.1177/1098612X14530213 -
Revista Do Instituto de Medicina... 2011Dermatophytes are among the most frequent causes of ringworm infections in domesticated animals. They are known to serve as reservoirs of the zoophilic dermatophytes and...
Dermatophytes are among the most frequent causes of ringworm infections in domesticated animals. They are known to serve as reservoirs of the zoophilic dermatophytes and these infections have important zoonotic implication. In Nigeria and probably West Africa, there are not many studies on the incidence of dermatophytosis in domesticated animals. In the current study, 538 domesticated animals with clinically suggestive lesions were investigated for dermatophytes. Identification of dermatophyte species was performed by macro- and micro morphological examination of colonies and by biochemical methods. In the cases of isolates that had atypical morphology and/or biochemical test results, the rDNA internal transcribed spacer region 2 (ITS 2) sequencing was performed. Out of this number, 214 (39.8%) were found to be colonized by a variety of ten species of dermatophytes. M. canis was the most frequently isolated species (37.4%), followed by T. mentagrophytes (22.9%) and T. verrucosum (15.9%). M. persicolor and T. gallinae were jointly the least species isolated with a frequency of 0.55% respectively. The recovery of dermatophyte isolates previously shown to be common etiological agents of dermatophytosis especially from children in the same region suggests that animal to human transmission may be common. Possible implications and recommendations are discussed.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Domestic; Cats; Cattle; Chickens; Dermatomycoses; Dogs; Ducks; Goats; Horses; Humans; Nigeria; Prevalence; Rabbits; Sheep; Swine; Zoonoses
PubMed: 21537757
DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46652011000200007 -
American Family Physician Jul 2001Although most annular lesions will be typical of a dermatophytosis, physicians must consider other possible diagnoses. Tinea corporis can often be diagnosed on the basis... (Review)
Review
Although most annular lesions will be typical of a dermatophytosis, physicians must consider other possible diagnoses. Tinea corporis can often be diagnosed on the basis of a positive potassium hydroxide examination. Topical and systemic antifungals are usually curative. Pityriasis rosea is characterized by small, fawn-colored lesions distributed along skin cleavage lines. Treatment is symptomatic. Granuloma annulare is characterized by nonscaly, annular plaques with indurated borders, typically on the extremities. One half of cases resolve spontaneously within two years. Sarcoidosis can present as annular, indurated plaques similar in appearance to the lesions of granuloma annulare. Diagnosis is based on histopathology and the involvement of other organ systems. Hansen's disease can mimic tinea corporis by presenting as one or more annular, sometimes scaly, plaques. Urticaria may affect 10 to 20 percent of the population. The annular plaques lack scale and are evanescent. Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus can present in an annular form on sun-exposed surfaces or in a papulosquamous form. Erythema annulare centrifugum typically presents as annular patches with trailing scale inside erythematous borders.
Topics: Antifungal Agents; Dermatomycoses; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans
PubMed: 11476274
DOI: No ID Found -
The Indian Journal of Medical Research Nov 2020
Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Dermatomycoses; Histoplasmosis; Humans
PubMed: 35345229
DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_2416_19 -
Journal of the American Academy of... Sep 1990The number of cases of mycotic infections are increasing, presenting physicians today with an unprecedented challenge in handling the treatment and prophylactic control... (Review)
Review
The number of cases of mycotic infections are increasing, presenting physicians today with an unprecedented challenge in handling the treatment and prophylactic control of these disorders. The increase in mycotic disorders is due to many factors, such as longer life span, organ transplantation, and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The pharmaceutical industry is providing physicians with newer, more potent drugs to manage mycoses. An overview of current practice in the use of topical and oral agents, especially ketoconazole, are given in the following specific mycoses: tinea capitis, pityriasis versicolor, seborrheic dermatitis, Trichophyton rubrum infections, vaginal candidiasis, and moist intertriginous tineas. The efficacy of ketoconazole in various vehicles and dosage schedules and of traditional agents such as griseofulvin are discussed with relation to each of the mycoses.
Topics: Antifungal Agents; Dermatomycoses; Humans
PubMed: 2212170
DOI: 10.1016/0190-9622(90)70251-c -
The Journal of Investigative Dermatology Oct 1962
Topics: Dermatomycoses; Tinea
PubMed: 13968812
DOI: 10.1038/jid.1962.113 -
Actas Dermo-sifiliograficas Dec 2016The deep mycoses are uncommon in our setting. These fungal infections occur mainly in immunosuppressed patients or in tropical climates, and include subcutaneous... (Review)
Review
The deep mycoses are uncommon in our setting. These fungal infections occur mainly in immunosuppressed patients or in tropical climates, and include subcutaneous infections and systemic infections. The skin is always involved in the former. In the first part of this review, we describe the main subcutaneous mycoses: sporotrichosis, chromoblastomycosis, mycetoma, phaeohyphomycosis, hyalohyphomycosis, and lacaziosis. Early recognition and treatment is important, as these infections are frequently associated with high morbidity.
Topics: Dermatomycoses; Humans; Subcutaneous Tissue
PubMed: 27374381
DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2016.05.017 -
Dermatology Online Journal Mar 2005Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic granulomatous disorder caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi. It frequently involves the nasopharynx and occasionally affects the skin. We...
Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic granulomatous disorder caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi. It frequently involves the nasopharynx and occasionally affects the skin. We herewith report a 55-year-old man who has disseminated cutaneous rhinosporidiosis. He presents with multiple reddish lesions over the nose of 10 year's duration. In the past year, he develops skin lesions over the right arm and over back. Histopathological examination of the skin biopsy specimen from the representative cutaneous lesions shows hyperplastic epithelium with numerous globular cysts of varying shape, representing sporangia in different stages of development. His serology for HIV infection by ELISA is negative. On the basis of these clinical and histopathological findings, a diagnosis of nasal rhinosporidiosis with cutaneous dissemination is made.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Dapsone; Dermatomycoses; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Rhinosporidiosis
PubMed: 15748560
DOI: No ID Found -
Skin Therapy Letter 2004Ciclopirox (Loprox) is a broad-spectrum antifungal medication that also has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. Its main mode of action is thought to be its... (Review)
Review
Ciclopirox (Loprox) is a broad-spectrum antifungal medication that also has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. Its main mode of action is thought to be its high affinity for trivalent cations, which inhibit essential co-factors in enzymes. Clinical trials have shown that ciclopirox gel is a successful treatment for seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp as well as for tinea pedis. Adverse effects are generally mild and include a skin-burning sensation, contact dermatitis, and pruritus. Ciclopirox is indicated in the US for the treatment of tinea pedis, tinea corporis, pityriasis versicolor, seborrheic dermatitis, and cutaneous candidiasis.
Topics: Administration, Topical; Antifungal Agents; Canada; Ciclopirox; Dermatomycoses; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Gels; Humans; Male; Prognosis; Pyridones; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 15334276
DOI: No ID Found