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Medical Mycology Journal 2012Human cases of dermatophytoses are occasionally transmitted from animals, and suffered from tinea corporis and sometimes Kerion celsi. The most frequent causative agent... (Review)
Review
Human cases of dermatophytoses are occasionally transmitted from animals, and suffered from tinea corporis and sometimes Kerion celsi. The most frequent causative agent of these diseases is Microsporum canis. The other dermatophyte, Arthroderma benhamiae is now prevailing in rabbits, rodents and hedgehogs that are popular household pets in Japan. Therefore, some human cases of A. benhamiae infection were reported and the transmission of this infection from rabbits and rodents was confirmed.Cryptococcosis is regarded as dangerous zoonosis, but its transmission from animal to peoples has not been documented in Japan. Animal cases of cryptococcosis are possible to increase in number by developing immunosuppressive animals as well as by spreading of newly introduced C. gattii to Japan.Animal cases of sporotrichosis are rarely reported in Japan. However, feline sporotrichosis should be prevented and promptly treated since it easily transmitted to people from cat lesions and the exudates where copious numbers of organisms are found in tissues.
Topics: Animals; Arthrodermataceae; Cat Diseases; Cats; Cryptococcosis; Cryptococcus gattii; Dermatomycoses; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Humans; Japan; Microsporum; Rabbits; Sporotrichosis; Tinea; Zoonoses
PubMed: 22467127
DOI: 10.3314/mmj.53.19 -
Medical Mycology Journal 2013
Topics: Child; Dermatology; Dermatomycoses; Humans; Hydroxides; Indicators and Reagents; Microbiological Techniques; Microscopy; Potassium Compounds; Skin; Specimen Handling
PubMed: 23470949
DOI: 10.3314/mmj.54.7 -
Medical Mycology Journal 2016Oral antifungal drugs are used primarily to treat tinea unguium; however, they are also useful for other types of tinea. For example, a combination of topical and oral... (Review)
Review
Oral antifungal drugs are used primarily to treat tinea unguium; however, they are also useful for other types of tinea. For example, a combination of topical and oral antifungal drugs is effective in hyperkeratotic tinea pedis that is unresponsive to topical monotherapy. In cases of tinea facialis adjacent to the eyes, ears, or mouth, or widespread tinea corporis, or tinea cruris involving the complex skin folds of the external genitalia, it is difficult to apply topical drugs to all the lesions; therefore, oral antifungal drugs are necessary. Oral antifungal drugs are also useful not only for tinea but for widespread pityriasis versicolor and Malassezia folliculitis, candidal onychomycosis, and candidal paronychia and onychia. Topical antifungal drugs are in fact unsuitable for some mycoses. In tinea capitis, for example, irritation by topical drugs is likely to enhance inflammation; therefore, oral antifungal drug monotherapy is preferable. In interdigital tinea pedis with erosion or contact dermatitis, topical drugs are difficult to use because they tend to cause irritant dermatitis, resulting in exacerbation of the condition. In such cases, treatment should begin with a combination of topical corticosteroid therapy and oral antifungal drugs active against dermatophytes. Topical antifungal drugs are used after the complications resolve. A combination of topical and oral antifungal drugs can shorten the treatment period, thus improving patient adherence to topical treatment. Oral antifungal drugs are useful because of their wide range of applications in the treatment of dermatomycosis.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Administration, Topical; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Antifungal Agents; Dermatomycoses; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Patient Compliance; Severity of Illness Index
PubMed: 27251319
DOI: 10.3314/mmj.57.J71 -
Medical Mycology Journal 2012Although Malassezia yeasts are a part of the normal microflora, under certain conditions they can cause superficial skin infection Pityriasis versicolor, Malassezia...
Although Malassezia yeasts are a part of the normal microflora, under certain conditions they can cause superficial skin infection Pityriasis versicolor, Malassezia folliculitis. Lipophilic yeasts are being considered as major opportunistic pathogens for a very long time. Most of the yeasts show an absolute requirement for long fatty acid chains and specific procedures are required for their isolation, conservation and identification. To date, the genus is composed of one non lipid-dependent species M. pachydermatis and lipid-dependent species M. furfur, M. sympodialis, M. globosa, M. obtusa, M. restricta, M. slooffiae, M. dermatis, M. yamatoensis, M. japonica, M. nana, M. caprae, M. equina, M. cuniculi.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Administration, Topical; Adult; Antifungal Agents; Dermatomycoses; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Malassezia; Middle Aged; Skin; Skin Care; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 22467125
DOI: 10.3314/mmj.53.7 -
Actas Dermo-sifiliograficas Nov 2012We review the current treatments available for superficial mycoses and discuss recent developments in pharmacotherapy and the most useful adjuvant treatments. Special... (Review)
Review
We review the current treatments available for superficial mycoses and discuss recent developments in pharmacotherapy and the most useful adjuvant treatments. Special emphasis is placed on the proper use of conventional therapies and a number of pharmacoeconomic issues. The review also offers an update on the best treatment choices in particular circumstances. Finally, we discuss some novel contributions found in the literature.
Topics: Antifungal Agents; Dermatomycoses; Humans
PubMed: 22578293
DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2012.01.009 -
Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia 2013Superficial fungal infections of the hair, skin and nails are a major cause of morbidity in the world. Choosing the right treatment is not always simple because of the... (Review)
Review
Superficial fungal infections of the hair, skin and nails are a major cause of morbidity in the world. Choosing the right treatment is not always simple because of the possibility of drug interactions and side effects. The first part of the article discusses the main treatments for superficial mycoses - keratophytoses, dermatophytosis, candidiasis, with a practical approach to the most commonly-used topical and systemic drugs , referring also to their dosage and duration of use. Promising new, antifungal therapeutic alternatives are also highlighted, as well as available options on the Brazilian and world markets.
Topics: Antifungal Agents; Dermatomycoses; Humans; Time Factors
PubMed: 24173183
DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20131996 -
Development, preparation, and evaluation of a novel non-adjuvanted polyvalent dermatophytes vaccine.Scientific Reports Jan 2023Ringworm is a worldwide distributed contagious disease infecting both man and animals that constitute an economic, zoonotic, and health problem concern all over the...
Ringworm is a worldwide distributed contagious disease infecting both man and animals that constitute an economic, zoonotic, and health problem concern all over the world. During the last decade, attention has been directed to vaccination as an ideal approach to the control of such diseases. In the present study, non-adjuvanted polyvalent vaccines were prepared from locally isolated hot and virulent dermatophyte species, namely Trichophyton verrucosum (T. verrucosum), Trichophyton mentagrophytes (T. mentagrophytes), and Microsporum canis (M. canis) were immunologically evaluated. The prepared vaccine evaluation was focused on the aspects of immunogenicity and protective efficacy using guinea pigs. Both in its living or inactivated forms, the vaccine-induced significant humoral and cell-mediated immune responses and achieve proper protection of guinea pigs against challenging infections with homologous and heterologous dermatophyte strains. On the other hand, investigations on dermatophyte exo-keratinases showed that it was better produced and more expressed in a mineral-based medium containing pure keratin (3 g/L) than in the same medium with human hair supplementation (2.6 g/L). The maximum dermatophyte productivity of exo-keratinases was found to be between 18 and 21 days post-incubation. Using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), two fractions with molecular weights of 40 kDa (fraction I) and 28 kDa (fraction II) have been identified in the culture filtrate of the three involved dermatophyte species. Both fractions demonstrated keratinolytic activity. The specific activity of the isolated keratinases (number of Keratinase units (KU)/mg protein) was stronger in fraction I, where it reached 18.75, 15.38, and 14 KU/mg protein as compared to 12.9, 8.74, and 12 KU/mg protein in fraction II of T. verrucosum, T. mentagrophytes, and M. canis, respectively. The dermatophyte exo-keratinases proved to be immunogenic as they stimulated high keratinase-specific antibody titers and induced strong delayed skin hypersensitivity reactions in vaccinated animals. Anti-keratinase-specific IgG was detected in sera of guinea pigs immunized with the inactivated or living polyvalent dermatophyte vaccines by a homemade enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using dermatophyte exo-keratinases as coating antigen. The intradermal injection of dermatophyte exo-keratinases induced specific delayed skin reactions in guinea pigs immunized with the inactivated or the living polyvalent dermatophyte vaccines. The intradermal injection of dermatophyte exo-keratinases in the control non-sensitized guinea pigs was associated with itching, swelling, and bloody scar formation, however, no skin indurations were formed. The development of those post-exo-keratinases injection reactions in the control non-sensitized apparently healthy guinea pigs group, suggests an exo-keratinases possible role in the pathogenesis of dermatophytosis.
Topics: Male; Humans; Animals; Guinea Pigs; Arthrodermataceae; Dermatomycoses; Vaccines, Combined; Microsporum
PubMed: 36599863
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26567-3 -
Nihon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi = Japanese... 2009In preparing guidelines for dermatomycosis (tinea, trichophytia, dermatophytosis), we have primarily summarized the disease types and treatments as described in 4... (Review)
Review
In preparing guidelines for dermatomycosis (tinea, trichophytia, dermatophytosis), we have primarily summarized the disease types and treatments as described in 4 textbooks used in Japan and abroad. We present our classification draft based on these following descriptions. In Japan, any dermatophytosis other than favus or tinea imbricata is considered to be tinea, while outside Japan, favus and tinea imbricata are also classified as tinea. Tinea capitis is classified together with trichophytia superficialis capillitii and kerion celsi, in a group that tends to include asymptomatic carriers. Most textbooks generally classify trichophytia profunda of the glabrous skin and granuloma trichophyticum as subtypes of tinea corporis. Tinea faciei can easily be misdiagnosed, but in many cases can be distinguished from tinea corporis by its specific clinical picture. Tinea unguium is regarded as one type of onychomycosis. We present a summary of dermatomycosis treatment as a proposal for future revision of the guidelines. One of the problems in the treatment of tinea capitis is that the safety of itraconazole (ITZ) and terbinafine hydrochloride (TBF) in children has not been established. Severity criteria for concomitant use of oral medications in the treatment of tinea pedis remains to should be established. Although many clinical studies concerning tinea unguium have been published, 3 of the 4 textbooks we consulted clearly stated that most of those studies were conducted by pharmaceutical companies. Further studies on the etiology and disease severity of tinea unguium are needed.
Topics: Antifungal Agents; Dermatomycoses; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Itraconazole; Naphthalenes; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Severity of Illness Index; Terbinafine
PubMed: 19942789
DOI: 10.3314/jjmm.50.199 -
Acta Dermato-venereologica 2004
Topics: Candidiasis; Comorbidity; Dermatomycoses; Female; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Male; Prevalence; Prognosis; Psoriasis; Risk Assessment; Species Specificity
PubMed: 15206710
DOI: 10.1080/000155503100222925 -
Medical Archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and... Feb 2015Since the prevalence of skin mycotic infections is changing and is area depended we aimed to analyze the frequency of the skin myocotic infections and the appearance...
INTRODUCTION
Since the prevalence of skin mycotic infections is changing and is area depended we aimed to analyze the frequency of the skin myocotic infections and the appearance sites.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
There were involved 560 patients referred to the Dermatology Clinic of University Clinical Center of Kosova during a period of one year.
RESULTS
The mean age of our study group was around thirties with a predominance of female and rural patients. Although most of cases presented with single site disease localization, we observed the increase in number of cases with more than one site localization with age.
CONCLUSION
The increased prevalence skin mycotic infections, as well as more than one place of localization deserve a multidimensional approach.
Topics: Adult; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Dermatomycoses; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Prevalence; Rural Population
PubMed: 25870481
DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2015.69.58-59