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Autoimmunity Dec 2023Gastric cancer (GC) is a type of the most common cancers. Autoimmune gastritis (AIG) and infection with (HP) are the risk factors of triggering GC. With the emphasis on... (Review)
Review
Gastric cancer (GC) is a type of the most common cancers. Autoimmune gastritis (AIG) and infection with (HP) are the risk factors of triggering GC. With the emphasis on the treatment of HP, the incidence and prevalence of HP infection in population is decreasing. However, AIG lacks accurate diagnosis and treatment methods, which occupies high cancer risk factors. AIG is controlled by the immune environment of the stomach, including immune cells, inflammatory cells, and infiltrating intercellular material. Various immune cells or cytokines play a central role in the process of regulating gastric parietal cells. Abnormal expression levels of cytokines involved in immunity are bound to face the risk of tumorigenesis. Therefore, it is particularly important for preventing or treating AIG and avoiding the risk of gastric cancer to clarify the confirmed action mode of immune cells and cytokines in the gastric system. Herein, we briefly reviewed the role of the immune environment under AIG, focussing on describing these double-edged effects between immune cells and cytokines, and pointing out potential research challenges.
Topics: Humans; Cytokines; Stomach Neoplasms; Autoimmune Diseases; Gastritis; Parietal Cells, Gastric; Helicobacter pylori
PubMed: 36762543
DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2023.2174531 -
World Journal of Gastroenterology Nov 2015Western countries are seeing a constant decline in the incidence of Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis, coupled with a rising epidemiological and clinical impact... (Review)
Review
Western countries are seeing a constant decline in the incidence of Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis, coupled with a rising epidemiological and clinical impact of autoimmune gastritis. This latter gastropathy is due to autoimmune aggression targeting parietal cells through a complex interaction of auto-antibodies against the parietal cell proton pump and intrinsic factor, and sensitized T cells. Given the specific target of this aggression, autoimmune gastritis is typically restricted to the gastric corpus-fundus mucosa. In advanced cases, the oxyntic epithelia are replaced by atrophic (and metaplastic) mucosa, creating the phenotypic background in which both gastric neuroendocrine tumors and (intestinal-type) adenocarcinomas may develop. Despite improvements in our understanding of the phenotypic changes or cascades occurring in this autoimmune setting, no reliable biomarkers are available for identifying patients at higher risk of developing a gastric neoplasm. The standardization of autoimmune gastritis histology reports and classifications in diagnostic practice is a prerequisite for implementing definitive secondary prevention strategies based on multidisciplinary diagnostic approaches integrating endoscopy, serology, histology and molecular profiling.
Topics: Autoimmune Diseases; Autoimmunity; Biomarkers; Biopsy; Gastritis; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Pathology; Predictive Value of Tests; Prognosis; Stem Cells; Stomach
PubMed: 26576102
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i42.12179 -
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) Jul 2022
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Chemoradiotherapy; Gastritis; Humans; Lung Neoplasms
PubMed: 34980792
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.8292-21 -
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association... Sep 2023
Topics: Humans; Gastritis
PubMed: 37696553
DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.230767 -
The Veterinary Clinics of North... Sep 2003Gastritis--inflammation of the stomach--is a frequently cited differential yet rarely characterized diagnosis in cases of canine anorexia and vomiting. Although the list... (Review)
Review
Gastritis--inflammation of the stomach--is a frequently cited differential yet rarely characterized diagnosis in cases of canine anorexia and vomiting. Although the list of rule-outs for acute or chronic gastritis is extensive, a review of the veterinary literature reveals fewer than 15 articles that have focused on clinical cases of canine gastritis over the last 25 years. The dog frequently appears in the human literature as an experimentally manipulated model for the study of endoscopic techniques or the effect of medications on gastric mucosa. In the veterinary patient, cases of acute gastritis are rarely pursued with the complete diagnostic armamentarium, and cases of chronic gastritis are rarely found to occur as an entity isolated from the rest of the gastrointestinal tract. This article focuses on those findings most clinically relevant to cases of canine gastritis in veterinary medicine.
Topics: Animals; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Gastritis
PubMed: 14552157
DOI: 10.1016/s0195-5616(03)00052-4 -
Pathologica Jun 2019Russell body gastritis is caused by an accumulation of plasma cells within the gastric mucosa. These plasma cells are characterized by eosinophilic cytoplasmic...
Russell body gastritis is caused by an accumulation of plasma cells within the gastric mucosa. These plasma cells are characterized by eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions of immunoglobulin which are called "Russell bodies". We report a case of Russell body gastritis in a 28-year-old male who presented with abdominal pain and rectal bleeding. Endoscopy showed erosions with edema and vascular congestion in the gastric body and antrum. The biopsy showed chronic gastritis with plasma cell infiltration of the lamina propria. Many plasma cells contained cytoplasmic Russell bodies which stained positive for CD138, CD79a, Kappa and lambda light chains. The Russell bodies were negative for pancytokeratin, excluding signet ring cell carcinoma. Russell body gastritis is an uncommon, benign reactive condition.
Topics: Adult; Gastric Mucosa; Gastritis; Humans; Inclusion Bodies; Male; Plasma Cells
PubMed: 31388200
DOI: 10.32074/1591-951X-17-19 -
The Veterinary Clinics of North... Aug 2015The gastrointestinal system of horses is affected by a large variety of inflammatory infectious and noninfectious conditions. The most prevalent form of gastritis is... (Review)
Review
The gastrointestinal system of horses is affected by a large variety of inflammatory infectious and noninfectious conditions. The most prevalent form of gastritis is associated with ulceration of the pars esophagea. Although the diagnostic techniques for alimentary diseases of horses have improved significantly over the past few years, difficulties still exist in establishing the causes of a significant number of enteric diseases in this species. This problem is compounded by several agents of enteric disease also being found in the intestine of clinically normal horses, which questions the validity of the mere detection of these agents in the intestine.
Topics: Animals; Colitis; Enteritis; Gastritis; Horse Diseases; Horses
PubMed: 26048413
DOI: 10.1016/j.cveq.2015.04.006 -
World Journal of Gastroenterology Nov 2023As an emerging potential risk factor for gastric cancer, autoimmune gastritis (AIG) has garnered increasing attention from researchers.
BACKGROUND
As an emerging potential risk factor for gastric cancer, autoimmune gastritis (AIG) has garnered increasing attention from researchers.
AIM
To analyze the research overview and popular topics in the field of AIG using bibliometrics.
METHODS
Relevant publications on AIG in the Web of Science Core Collection were collated, and data visualization and analysis of the number of publications, countries, institutions, journals, authors, keywords, and citations were performed using software such as VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Scimago Graphic.
RESULTS
In total, 316 relevant articles were included in the analysis. From 2015 to 2022, the number of publications increased annually. The countries, institutions, authors, and journals with the highest number of publications in this field were Italy, Monash University, Toh BH, and Internal Medicine. The main keywords used in this field of research were pathogenesis, , autoantibody, parietal cell antibody, atrophic gastritis, classification, diagnosis, autoimmune disease, risk, cancer, gastric cancer, vitamin B12 deficiency, and pernicious anemia. The following directions may be popular for future research: (1) The role of in the pathogenesis of AIG; (2) diagnostic criteria for AIG and reference values for serum antibodies; (3) comorbidity mechanisms between AIG and other autoimmune diseases; (4) specific risks of AIG complicating gastric and other cancers; and (5) the role of vitamin B12 supplementation in patients with early-stage AIG.
CONCLUSION
This bibliometric analysis reported on popular topics and emerging trends in AIG, with diagnosis and prognosis being research hotspots in this field.
Topics: Humans; Autoantibodies; Autoimmune Diseases; Bibliometrics; Gastritis; Gastritis, Atrophic; Stomach Neoplasms
PubMed: 38075850
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i42.5781 -
The Journal of the American Osteopathic... Dec 2019
Topics: Abdominal Pain; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Emphysema; Foreign Bodies; Gastritis; Humans; Male; Melena; Middle Aged; Pantoprazole; Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 31790130
DOI: 10.7556/jaoa.2019.140 -
World Journal of Gastroenterology Apr 2024Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used due to their effectiveness in treating various tumors. Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are defined as adverse... (Review)
Review
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used due to their effectiveness in treating various tumors. Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are defined as adverse effects resulting from ICI treatment. Gastrointestinal irAEs are a common type of irAEs characterized by intestinal side effects, such as diarrhea and colitis, which may lead to the cessation of ICIs. Although irAE gastritis is rarely reported, it may lead to serious complications such as gastrorrhagia. Furthermore, irAE gastritis is often difficult to identify early due to its diverse symptoms. Although steroid hormones and immunosuppressants are commonly used to reverse irAEs, the best regimen and dosage for irAE gastritis remains uncertain. In addition, the risk of recurrence of irAE gastritis after the reuse of ICIs should be considered. In this editorial, strategies such as early identification, pathological diagnosis, management interventions, and immunotherapy rechallenge are discussed to enable clinicians to better manage irAE gastritis and improve the prognosis of these patients.
Topics: Humans; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors; Gastritis; Immunosuppressive Agents; Neoplasms; Immunotherapy
PubMed: 38681126
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i14.1941