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The Western Journal of Medicine Mar 1977Treatment techniques for airway obstruction in croup and epiglottitis are reviewed in the medical literature. Series totaling 295 nasotracheal intubations, and 591... (Review)
Review
Treatment techniques for airway obstruction in croup and epiglottitis are reviewed in the medical literature. Series totaling 295 nasotracheal intubations, and 591 tracheostomies were reviewed. There were two deaths attributable to airway complications in 126 patients in whom nasotracheal intubation was carried out. In three patients subglottic granulation tissue and subglottic stenoses developed from short-term nasotracheal intubation. There were no subglottic stenoses or tracheal stenoses reported in the 591 tracheostomies. From this review, it would seem feasible to use nasotracheal intubation for short-term airway treatment in croup and epiglottitis. The increasing occurrence of laryngeal and tracheal complications with long-term intubation suggests that tracheostomy be considered in such cases.
Topics: Airway Obstruction; Croup; Epiglottis; Humans; Intubation, Intratracheal; Laryngitis; Time Factors; Tracheotomy
PubMed: 349884
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Speech, Language, and... Mar 2019Purpose The purpose of this tutorial is to summarize how sex hormones affect both laryngeal senescence and neuromuscular response to exercise, highlighting the... (Review)
Review
Purpose The purpose of this tutorial is to summarize how sex hormones affect both laryngeal senescence and neuromuscular response to exercise, highlighting the importance of considering sex differences in developing treatment for the senescent voice. Conclusion Men and women's voices are sexually dimorphic throughout the life span, including during the laryngeal adaptations observed during senescence. Therefore, presbyphonia (age-related dysphonia) likely clinically manifests differently for men and women due to differences in how the male and the female larynx change in response to aging. Because sexual dimorphism is evident in both laryngeal aging and response to exercise, voice therapy programs aimed at treating the typical and disordered aged voice should consider sex differences in their design.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aging; Exercise; Female; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Humans; Laryngeal Muscles; Larynx; Male; Middle Aged; Sex Characteristics; Voice
PubMed: 30950744
DOI: 10.1044/2018_JSLHR-S-18-0179 -
The Journal of Experimental Biology May 2022Rodent diversification is associated with a large diversity of species-specific social vocalizations generated by two distinct laryngeal sound production mechanisms:...
Rodent diversification is associated with a large diversity of species-specific social vocalizations generated by two distinct laryngeal sound production mechanisms: whistling and airflow-induced vocal fold vibration. Understanding the relative importance of each modality to context-dependent acoustic interactions requires comparative analyses among closely related species. In this study, we used light gas experiments, acoustic analyses and laryngeal morphometrics to identify the distribution of the two mechanisms among six species of deer mice (Peromyscus spp.). We found that high frequency vocalizations (simple and complex sweeps) produced in close-distance contexts were generated by a whistle mechanism. In contrast, lower frequency sustained vocalizations (SVs) used in longer distance communication were produced by airflow-induced vocal fold vibrations. Pup isolation calls, which resemble adult SVs, were also produced by airflow-induced vocal fold vibrations. Nonlinear phenomena (NLP) were common in adult SVs and pup isolation calls, suggesting irregular vocal fold vibration characteristics. Both vocal production mechanisms were facilitated by a characteristic laryngeal morphology, including a two-layered vocal fold lamina propria, small vocal membrane-like extensions on the free edge of the vocal fold, and a singular ventral laryngeal air pocket known as the ventral pouch. The size and composition of vocal folds (rather than total laryngeal size) appears to contribute to species-specific acoustic properties. Our findings suggest that dual modes of sound production are more widespread among rodents than previously appreciated. Additionally, the common occurrence of NLP highlights the nonlinearity of the vocal apparatus, whereby small changes in anatomy or physiology trigger large changes in behavior. Finally, consistency in mechanisms of sound production used by neonates and adults underscores the importance of considering vocal ontogeny in the diversification of species-specific acoustic signals.
Topics: Animals; Larynx; Peromyscus; Rodentia; Sound; Vibration; Vocal Cords; Vocalization, Animal
PubMed: 35413125
DOI: 10.1242/jeb.243695 -
Journal of Voice : Official Journal of... Jan 2022Acute laryngitis is a common disease with self-limiting nature. Since the leading cause is attributed to viral infections and thus self-limiting, many affected...
OBJECTIVES
Acute laryngitis is a common disease with self-limiting nature. Since the leading cause is attributed to viral infections and thus self-limiting, many affected individuals do not seek professional medical help. However, because the major symptom of hoarseness imposes a substantial burden in everyday life, it might be speculated that web-based search interest on this condition follows incidence rates, with highest peaks during winter months. The aim of this study was to evaluate global public health-information seeking behaviour on laryngitis-related search terms.
METHODS
We utilized Google Trends to assess country-specific, representative laryngitis-related search terms for English and non-English speaking countries of both hemispheres. Extracted time series data from Australia, Brazil, Canada, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America, covering a timeframe between 2004 and 2019 were first assessed for reliability, followed by seasonality analysis using the cosinor model.
RESULTS
Direct comparisons revealed different, representative laryngitis-related search terms for English- and non-English speaking countries. Extracted data showed a trend of higher reliability in countries with more inhabitants. Subsequent graphical analysis revealed winter peaks in all countries from both hemispheres. Cosinor analysis confirmed these seasonal variations to be significant (all P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
Public interest in laryngitis-related, online health information displayed seasonal variations in countries from both hemispheres, with highest interest during winter months. These findings emphasize the importance to optimize the distribution of reliable, web-based health education in order to prevent the spread of misinformation and to improve health literacy among general populations.
Topics: Germany; Humans; Infodemiology; Internet; Laryngitis; Reproducibility of Results; Seasons; United States
PubMed: 32439216
DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.018 -
Scientific Reports Jul 2021High-speed videoendoscopy is an important tool to study laryngeal dynamics, to quantify vocal fold oscillations, to diagnose voice impairments at laryngeal level and to...
High-speed videoendoscopy is an important tool to study laryngeal dynamics, to quantify vocal fold oscillations, to diagnose voice impairments at laryngeal level and to monitor treatment progress. However, there is a significant lack of an open source, expandable research tool that features latest hardware and data analysis. In this work, we propose an open research platform termed OpenHSV that is based on state-of-the-art, commercially available equipment and features a fully automatic data analysis pipeline. A publicly available, user-friendly graphical user interface implemented in Python is used to interface the hardware. Video and audio data are recorded in synchrony and are subsequently fully automatically analyzed. Video segmentation of the glottal area is performed using efficient deep neural networks to derive glottal area waveform and glottal midline. Established quantitative, clinically relevant video and audio parameters were implemented and computed. In a preliminary clinical study, we recorded video and audio data from 28 healthy subjects. Analyzing these data in terms of image quality and derived quantitative parameters, we show the applicability, performance and usefulness of OpenHSV. Therefore, OpenHSV provides a valid, standardized access to high-speed videoendoscopy data acquisition and analysis for voice scientists, highlighting its use as a valuable research tool in understanding voice physiology. We envision that OpenHSV serves as basis for the next generation of clinical HSV systems.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Female; Glottis; Humans; Laryngeal Diseases; Laryngoscopy; Larynx; Male; Middle Aged; Neural Networks, Computer; Video Recording; Vocal Cords; Voice; Voice Disorders; Voice Quality; Young Adult
PubMed: 34215788
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93149-0 -
PloS One 2018The association between chronic laryngitis and tinnitus is not a well-studied topic, unlike the association of these two conditions with many other disorders....
The association between chronic laryngitis and tinnitus is not a well-studied topic, unlike the association of these two conditions with many other disorders. Cross-sectional data of 11,347 adults (males: 4,934; females: 6,413), who completed the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) from 2010 to 2012 were used to investigate this association. Lifestyle patterns, including smoking and alcohol habits, regular exercise, physical and mental health status, socioeconomic status, nutritional status, and other chronic diseases, were analyzed. Chronic laryngitis and tinnitus were diagnosed by field survey teams, which included otolaryngologists, who conducted chronic disease surveillance using a health status interview, a nutritional status questionnaire, and a physical examination. Chronic laryngitis was significantly associated with age, education beyond high school, depressed mood, voice change, metabolic syndrome, and tinnitus in men. In women, chronic laryngitis was associated with body mass index and diabetes mellitus. Chronic laryngitis in men was significantly associated with tinnitus (odds ratio 1.671, [95% confidence interval: 1.167-2.393]) after adjusting for age, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol intake, regular exercise, metabolic syndrome, education beyond high school, and depressed mood. Additionally, the prevalence of chronic laryngitis increased with increasing severity of tinnitus in men alone (P = 0.002). The study revealed a significant association between chronic laryngitis and tinnitus.
Topics: Adult; Chronic Disease; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Laryngitis; Male; Republic of Korea; Sex Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Tinnitus
PubMed: 29324903
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191148 -
The Journal of International Medical... Dec 2022Amyloidosis is a disease caused by amyloid deposition in tissues or organs. According to the extent of the lesion, it can be divided into systemic amyloidosis and...
Amyloidosis is a disease caused by amyloid deposition in tissues or organs. According to the extent of the lesion, it can be divided into systemic amyloidosis and localized amyloidosis. Amyloidosis originating in the larynx accounts for approximately 0.5% to 1.0% of benign lesions of the larynx; such lesions are relatively rare and mostly localized. Nasopharyngeal amyloidosis combined with laryngeal amyloidosis is even rarer. We herein present a case involving a patient with amyloidosis in the nasopharynx and larynx who presented with a foreign body sensation and hoarseness in the pharynx. Electronic fiber laryngoscopy revealed a smooth neoplasm in the left nasopharynx and left vocal cord. The patient underwent surgical treatment, and the postoperative pathologic examination results suggested amyloidosis. Special staining performed using Congo red and crystal violet was positive, confirming amyloidosis. The patient recovered after surgery, and no recurrence was present at the 3- and 6-month follow-ups.
Topics: Humans; Larynx; Amyloidosis; Laryngeal Diseases; Immunoglobulin Light-chain Amyloidosis; Nasopharynx
PubMed: 36539964
DOI: 10.1177/03000605221144151 -
Primary Care Dec 1996Concerns over infraglottic and bronchial infections have been a source of anxiety and lost sleep for many children, parents, and physicians. The annual incidence of... (Review)
Review
Concerns over infraglottic and bronchial infections have been a source of anxiety and lost sleep for many children, parents, and physicians. The annual incidence of lower respiratory tract infections in children younger than 6 years old exceeds 5 million in the United States. Despite the frequency of these infections, the often common and nonspecific clinical symptomatology, variable severity, and changing epidemiology over time all have contributed to our understanding and misunderstanding of these disorders.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Bronchitis; Child; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Laryngitis; Recurrence; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 8890143
DOI: 10.1016/s0095-4543(05)70361-4 -
Archives of Disease in Childhood Jun 1985Thirty one of 486 children followed from birth had recurrent croup in the first four years of life. Twenty one were boys, and 10 girls. Recurrent croup occurred...
Thirty one of 486 children followed from birth had recurrent croup in the first four years of life. Twenty one were boys, and 10 girls. Recurrent croup occurred significantly more often in families with a positive history of allergy but was not significantly associated with the initial feeding method.
Topics: Child, Preschool; Croup; Female; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Laryngitis; Male; Recurrence; Sex Factors
PubMed: 4015178
DOI: 10.1136/adc.60.6.585 -
British Medical Journal Jan 1972
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Epiglottis; Haemophilus Infections; Humans; Infant; Intubation, Intratracheal; Laryngitis; Male; Tracheotomy
PubMed: 5058745
DOI: No ID Found