-
Ugeskrift For Laeger Nov 2023In this case report, a previously healthy six-year-old presented with fever and altered mental status, and was found to have bacteremia with Listeria monocytogenes,...
In this case report, a previously healthy six-year-old presented with fever and altered mental status, and was found to have bacteremia with Listeria monocytogenes, acquired from premade fish balls. Invasive L. monocytogenes infection usually occurs in immunocompromised or newborns but may occasionally occur in healthy children with food-borne gastroenteritis. L. monocytogenes should be considered in patients with severe infection and symptoms of gastroenteritis, particularly since ceftriaxone, the Danish standard treatment for meningitis in children, does not cover L. monocytogenes.
Topics: Child; Humans; Bacteremia; Ceftriaxone; Gastroenteritis; Listeria monocytogenes; Meningitis, Listeria
PubMed: 37987449
DOI: No ID Found -
Epidemiology and Infection Jul 2023Foodborne pathogen may cause serious, life-threatening disease in susceptible persons. We combined data from Finnish national listeriosis surveillance, patient...
Foodborne pathogen may cause serious, life-threatening disease in susceptible persons. We combined data from Finnish national listeriosis surveillance, patient interview responses, and laboratory data of patient samples and compared them to listeria findings from food and food production plants collected as part of outbreak investigations during 2011-2021. The incidence of invasive listeriosis in Finland (1.3/100000 in 2021) is higher than the EU average (0.5/100000 in 2021), and most cases are observed in the elderly with a predisposing condition. Many cases reported consuming high-risk foods as well as improper food storage. Since ongoing patient interviews and whole genome sequencing were introduced, several listeriosis outbreaks were detected and food sources identified. Recommendations about high-risk foods for listeriosis and proper food storage should be better communicated to susceptible people. In Finland, patient interviews and typing and comparing listeria isolates in foods and patient samples are crucial in solving outbreaks and determining measures to control invasive listeriosis.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Finland; Foodborne Diseases; Food Microbiology; Listeriosis; Listeria monocytogenes; Disease Outbreaks
PubMed: 37424309
DOI: 10.1017/S0950268823001073 -
The Canadian Veterinary Journal = La... Jun 2023Two 3-week-old goat kids from a herd of ~50 to 60 goats were examined by a veterinarian. The goats were in lateral recumbency with an inability to rise. Unilateral...
Two 3-week-old goat kids from a herd of ~50 to 60 goats were examined by a veterinarian. The goats were in lateral recumbency with an inability to rise. Unilateral cranial nerve deficiencies included cervical rotation, nystagmus, ptosis, facial paralysis, and absence of palpebral reflex. One of the 2 kids had a fever. The kids died and necropsy examinations were performed. Histopathology findings were highly suggestive of infection, which was confirmed by bacterial culture. This case suggests that listeriosis should be included in the differential diagnosis for goats with neurological signs even if they are not fed silage or haylage and are kept in a clean barn.
Topics: Animals; Goats; Listeriosis; Fever; Goat Diseases
PubMed: 37265813
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Medical Microbiology Mar 2024Listeriosis is a foodborne infection in humans caused by Consumption of contaminated food can lead to severe infection in vulnerable patients, that can be fatal....
Listeriosis is a foodborne infection in humans caused by Consumption of contaminated food can lead to severe infection in vulnerable patients, that can be fatal. Clinical manifestations include sepsis and meningitis, and in pregnancy-associated infection, miscarriage and stillbirth. Diagnosis is confirmed by culture and identification of the pathogen from blood, cerebrospinal fluid, vaginal swab, placenta or amniotic fluid. Treatment regimens recommend amoxicillin, ampicillin or an aminoglycoside. Virulence factors mediate bacterial adhesion and invasion of gut epithelial cells. Other factors mediate biofilm formation and tolerance to low temperatures and high salt concentrations facilitating persistence and survival in the environment.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Listeria monocytogenes; Listeriosis; Ampicillin; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Food Microbiology
PubMed: 38506266
DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001800 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2023(LM) is a bacterial pathogen responsible for listeriosis, a foodborne illness associated with high rates of mortality (20-30%) and hospitalisation. It is particularly... (Review)
Review
(LM) is a bacterial pathogen responsible for listeriosis, a foodborne illness associated with high rates of mortality (20-30%) and hospitalisation. It is particularly dangerous among vulnerable groups, such as newborns, pregnant women and the elderly. The persistence of this organism in food-associated environments for months to years has been linked to several devastating listeriosis outbreaks. It may also result in significant costs to food businesses and economies. Currently, the mechanisms that facilitate LM persistence are poorly understood. Unravelling the enigma of what drives listerial persistence will be critical for developing more targeted control and prevention strategies. One prevailing hypothesis is that persistent strains exhibit stronger biofilm production on abiotic surfaces in food-associated environments. This review aims to (i) provide a comprehensive overview of the research on the relationship between listerial persistence and biofilm formation from phenotypic and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) studies; (ii) to highlight the ongoing challenges in determining the role biofilm development plays in persistence, if any; and (iii) to propose future research directions for overcoming these challenges.
PubMed: 37761048
DOI: 10.3390/foods12183339 -
Microorganisms Aug 2023continues to be a persistent foodborne pathogen that is responsible for human cases of listeriosis when contaminated food products are consumed. Human subjects... (Review)
Review
continues to be a persistent foodborne pathogen that is responsible for human cases of listeriosis when contaminated food products are consumed. Human subjects considered to be most susceptible include the elderly, immunocompromised, and pregnant women. is characterized as a saprophytic organism with the capability of responding and adapting to constantly changing environments because it possesses multiple stress response mechanisms to overcome varying temperatures, salt concentrations, and pH, among others. Primary foods and food products associated with listeriosis include dairy products and ready-to-eat meats such as turkey products. Historically, chicken eggs have not been identified as a primary source of but the potential for contamination during egg production and processing does exist. species have been isolated from egg-processing plant equipment and are presumed to occur in egg-processing plant environments. Whether is consistently disseminated onto eggs beyond the egg-processing plant is a risk factor that remains to be determined. However, research has been conducted over the years to develop egg wash solutions that generate combinations of pH and other properties that would be considered inhibitory to . Even less is known regarding the association of with alternative egg production systems, but has been isolated from pasture flock broilers, so it is conceivable, given the nature of the outdoor environments, that layer birds under these conditions would also be exposed to and their eggs become contaminated. This review focuses on the possibility of occurring in conventional and alternative egg-laying production and processing systems.
PubMed: 37764008
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092164 -
Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences 2023causes listeriosis, a disease characterized by a high mortality rate (up to 30%). Since the pathogen is highly tolerant to changing conditions (high and low... (Review)
Review
causes listeriosis, a disease characterized by a high mortality rate (up to 30%). Since the pathogen is highly tolerant to changing conditions (high and low temperature, wide pH range, low availability of nutrients), it is widespread in the environment, e.g., water, soil, or food. possess a number of genes that determine its high virulence potential, i.e., genes involved in the intracellular cycle (e.g., , , , , , ), response to stress conditions (e.g., , , , , ), biofilm formation (e.g., ), or resistance to disinfectants (e.g., , , ). Some genes are organized into genomic and pathogenicity islands. The islands LIPI-1 and LIPI-3 contain genes related to the infectious life cycle and survival in the food processing environment, while LGI-1 and LGI-2 potentially ensure survival and durability in the production environment. Researchers constantly have been searching for new genes determining the virulence of . Understanding the virulence potential of is an important element of public health protection, as highly pathogenic strains may be associated with outbreaks and the severity of listeriosis. This review summarizes the selected aspects of genomic and pathogenicity islands, and the importance of whole genome sequencing for epidemiological purposes.
PubMed: 37388250
DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1161486 -
Microbiology Spectrum Jun 2023Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) has revolutionized surveillance of infectious diseases. Disease outbreaks can now be detected with high precision, and correct attribution...
Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) has revolutionized surveillance of infectious diseases. Disease outbreaks can now be detected with high precision, and correct attribution of infection sources has been improved. Listeriosis, caused by the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes, is a foodborne disease with a high case fatality rate and a large proportion of outbreak-related cases. Timely recognition of listeriosis outbreaks and precise allocation of food sources are important to prevent further infections and to promote public health. We report the WGS-based identification of a large multinational listeriosis outbreak with 55 cases that affected Germany, Austria, Denmark, and Switzerland during 2020 and 2021. Clinical isolates formed a highly clonal cluster (called Ny9) based on core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST). Routine and investigations of food samples identified L. monocytogenes isolates from smoked rainbow trout filets from a Danish producer grouping with the Ny9 cluster. Patient interviews confirmed consumption of rainbow trout as the most likely infection source. The Ny9 cluster was caused by a MLST sequence type (ST) ST394 clone belonging to molecular serogroup IIa, forming a distinct clade within molecular serogroup IIa strains. Analysis of the Ny9 genome revealed , , and inactivating mutations, but phenotypic characterization of several virulence-associated traits of a representative Ny9 isolate showed that the outbreak strain had the same pathogenic potential as other serogroup IIa strains. Our report demonstrates that international food trade can cause multicountry outbreaks that necessitate cross-border outbreak collaboration. It also corroborates the relevance of ready-to-eat smoked fish products as causes for listeriosis. Listeriosis is a severe infectious disease in humans and characterized by an exceptionally high case fatality rate. The disease is transmitted through consumption of food contaminated by the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes. Outbreaks of listeriosis often occur but can be recognized and stopped through implementation of whole-genome sequencing-based pathogen surveillance systems. We here describe the detection and management of a large listeriosis outbreak in Germany and three neighboring countries. This outbreak was caused by rainbow trout filet, which was contaminated by a L. monocytogenes clone belonging to sequence type ST394. This work further expands our knowledge on the genetic diversity and transmission routes of an important foodborne pathogen.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Listeria monocytogenes; Oncorhynchus mykiss; Multilocus Sequence Typing; Food Microbiology; Listeriosis; Disease Outbreaks; Seafood
PubMed: 37036341
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03520-22 -
Infection and Drug Resistance 2023To determine the clinical features, laboratory findings, antibiotic treatment, and outcomes of neonatal listeriosis in a specialized tertiary hospital in Wuhan, China.
PURPOSE
To determine the clinical features, laboratory findings, antibiotic treatment, and outcomes of neonatal listeriosis in a specialized tertiary hospital in Wuhan, China.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients diagnosed with neonatal listeriosis at Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province from January 2015 to December 2022. Listeriosis was indicated by positive culture for Listeria monocytogenes (LM).
RESULTS
A total of 11 cases were included in our study. The incidence rate of neonatal listeriosis was 2.06 per 100,000 live births. Seventy-three percent of the cases were born prematurely, caused early onset sepsis. Respiratory distress (100%) was the most common and earliest symptom, followed by fever (64%) and rashes (27%). The levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) were elevated in 100% of the cases. The median time-to-positivity (TTP) of the culture was 15 hours (range 9-28hours). Of the 11 neonates, 6 were cured, 2 showed improvement, and 3 died, with a mortality rate of 27%. There were statistically significant differences in Apgar score at 5 minutes (p=0.037) and CRP (p=0.025) between the survival group and fatality group. Ampicillin was sensitive to LM isolates and effective for therapy if initiated early.
CONCLUSION
Neonatal listeriosis is a rare but severe infection with a high mortality rate. Early identification and appropriate use of effective antibiotics are particularly critical for achieving positive outcomes. Apgar score and CRP are relevant indices for prognosis. Ampicillin is the first-line therapy and can be empirically administered to neonates suspected of having listeriosis.
PubMed: 37849792
DOI: 10.2147/IDR.S431402