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International Journal of Clinical and... 2018The study evaluated two variations of Parent Management Training (PMT) for children referred to treatment for oppositional, aggressive, and antisocial behavior. The...
The study evaluated two variations of Parent Management Training (PMT) for children referred to treatment for oppositional, aggressive, and antisocial behavior. The goal was to evaluate the impact of multiple enhancements to optimize common and placebo factors to augment therapeutic change. The families of all children (=138, 39 girls and 99 boys, ages 6-13) received PMT. One half of the families were assigned to receive an enhanced version with multiple additions designed to increase bonding of the parent to the therapist, professionalism of treatment and setting, credibility of the intervention, and expectancies for therapeutic change. Assessment included multiple treatment outcome measures of the child (problem behaviors, psychiatric symptoms, social competence, and adaptive functioning) and parents (depression, stress, and family relations) showed marked improvements over the course of treatment, and several process measures (therapeutic alliance, credibility of the procedures, expectancy for change). The results indicated that children and parents made marked improvement in all the treatment outcome measures. The vast majority of children fell within the normative range at posttreatment on problem and prosocial behaviors. The two treatment conditions were no different in outcomes for children or parents. PMT led to marked changes in treatment outcome.
PubMed: 30487914
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2017.12.002 -
The Journal of Experimental Medicine Mar 19231. None of the salts tested produce a marked inflammation in vivo in concentrations under 10 per cent. Potassium salts and the different citrates produced atypical...
1. None of the salts tested produce a marked inflammation in vivo in concentrations under 10 per cent. Potassium salts and the different citrates produced atypical inflammatory reactions in mice, but not in frogs. There was no true inflammation, however, characterized by blood vessel changes, migration of polymorphonuclear leucocytes and erythrocytes, and fluid exudation. 2. Synergistic action occurs when equal parts of strontium and magnesium salts are employed. There is a change in the appearance of the mesentery without a true inflammation, and this change does not occur with either salt alone. 3. Amino-acids and amines as a class do not produce inflammation, but histamine produces a marked inflammatory reaction in frogs and mice. 4. Tyramine does not cause an inflammatory reaction but has other marked effects; agglutination thrombi occur within the smaller blood vessels, both veins and arteries; in frogs there is a rapid clumping of the white blood cells followed by a true coagulation with strands of fibrin and entanglement of erythrocytes. This is very widespread and often kills the animal within an hour after injection. In mice it is the erythrocytes that clump and coagulation occurs very much later, usually at the end of 24 hours; still later there is complete absorption of the coagulated masses and the mesenteric circulation returns to normal. None of the mice died during the stage of clumping, and the clots never extended up the larger vessels as they did in the frogs. These effects are similar to the phenomena observed in the in vitro work, in which clumping of the cells appeared constantly. 5. Cantharidinum, histamine, and turpentine produced the most rapid and marked inflammation of any substances tried. These substances are all strongly positively chemotactic in vitro. The differences occurring when these substances are used in different species is a quantitative rather than a qualitative one, the body temperature being of some importance. Papain acted only in warmblooded animals; this is consistent with its chemotactic action in vitro. The degree of positive chemotaxis varied markedly with the blood employed and in the in vivo work the inflammation varied with the species of animal used. 6. Certain substances produced inflammation only some time after injection; this is true of scarlet R and croton oil in weak dilutions. These are not strongly positively chemotactic. 7. Parazol produces an inflammation associated with necrosis of the tissues. This is similar to the results obtained in vitro, parazol being positively chemotactic in low concentrations and negative in high concentrations. 8. The exact chemical nature of many of the substances which produce marked inflammation is unknown. This is true of cantharidin, and the active constituents of turpentine and croton oil. 9. All substances which produce marked and rapid inflammation on injection are positively chemotactic, but not all strongly positively chemotactic substances produce inflammation; i.e., calcium compounds, sodium phosphate, etc. 10. Only substances which are positively chemotactic and also soluble in oil seem capable of producing inflammation in animals.
PubMed: 19868742
DOI: 10.1084/jem.37.4.511 -
Epigenetics & Chromatin Sep 2021It is established that protein-coding exons are preferentially localized in nucleosomes. To examine whether the same is true for non-coding exons, we analysed nucleosome...
BACKGROUND
It is established that protein-coding exons are preferentially localized in nucleosomes. To examine whether the same is true for non-coding exons, we analysed nucleosome occupancy in and adjacent to internal exons in genes encoding long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in human CD4+ T cells and K562 cells.
RESULTS
We confirmed that internal exons in lncRNAs are preferentially associated with nucleosomes, but also observed an elevated signal from H3K4me3-marked nucleosomes in the sequences upstream of these exons. Examination of 200 genomic lncRNA loci chosen at random across all chromosomes showed that high-density regions of H3K4me3-marked nucleosomes, which we term 'slabs', are associated with genomic regions exhibiting intron retention. These retained introns occur in over 50% of lncRNAs examined and are mostly first introns with an average length of just 354 bp, compared to the average length of all human introns of 6355 and 7987 bp in mRNAs and lncRNAs, respectively. Removal of short introns from the dataset abrogated the high upstream H3K4me3 signal, confirming that the association of slabs and short lncRNA introns with intron retention holds genome-wide. The high upstream H3K4me3 signal is also associated with alternatively spliced exons, known to be prominent in lncRNAs. This phenomenon was not observed with mRNAs.
CONCLUSIONS
There is widespread intron retention and clustered H3K4me3-marked nucleosomes in short first introns of human long non-coding RNAs, which raises intriguing questions about the relationship of IR to lncRNA function and chromatin organization.
Topics: Histones; Humans; Introns; Nucleosomes; RNA, Long Noncoding
PubMed: 34579770
DOI: 10.1186/s13072-021-00419-2 -
Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) 2009To study the benefits of ultrasonography for detecting the borders of pilonidal sinus tissue. The correlation between physical and ultrasonographic examination was used...
PURPOSE
To study the benefits of ultrasonography for detecting the borders of pilonidal sinus tissue. The correlation between physical and ultrasonographic examination was used for surgical planning.
METHOD
Between April and December 2004, 73 patients were recruited for this study. All patients were examined, and the borders of the sinus tissue were marked on the skin according to palpation before surgery. The surgeon also made a treatment plan considering the diseased tissue and marked a possible incision line. Patients were subsequently examined with ultrasonography. According to the ultrasonographic evaluation, the margins, extensions, and openings of pilonidal sinus tissue were determined and marked on the patient in a different color by a radiologist prior to surgery. The most suitable surgical treatment was decided according to the information obtained by ultrasonography.
RESULTS
The average age was 23.03 +/- 3.05 (range 18-39) years. We found 81 lesions in 73 patients. Ultrasonographic borders of sinus tissue were similar to the borders marked by the surgeon in 56 patients (76.7%). In the remaining 17 patients (23.3%), ultrasonography detected branches or borders that distinctly exceeded the planned incision line. After ultrasonographic examination, the surgeon changed his incision line in 14 patients and the surgical intervention in 3 patients.
CONCLUSION
Palpation and methylene blue injection do not provide appropriate information in many patients. Our study revealed that pre-operative ultrasonography can improve the identification of the sinus tract and its branches when compared to palpation and methylene blue injection.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Humans; Male; Pilonidal Sinus; Prospective Studies; Recurrence; Reproducibility of Results; Severity of Illness Index; Ultrasonography; Young Adult
PubMed: 19330243
DOI: 10.1590/s1807-59322009000300007 -
Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za... Dec 2022To investigate whether the outlet of the femoral tunnel will cause iatrogenic injury to the medial collateral ligament (MCL) during posterior cruciate ligament...
OBJECTIVE
To investigate whether the outlet of the femoral tunnel will cause iatrogenic injury to the medial collateral ligament (MCL) during posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (PCLR) and estimate the safe angle of femoral tunnel placement.
METHODS
Thirteen formaldehyde-soaked human knee joint specimens were used, 8 from men and 5 from women; the donors' age ranged from 49 to 71 years, with an average of 61 years. First, the medial part of the femur was carefully dissected to clearly expose the region of the MCL course and attachment on the femoral medial aspect and to outline the anterior margin of the region with a marked line. The marked line divided the medial femoral condyle into an area with an MCL course and a bare bone area which is regarded relatively safe for no MCL course. Then, the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) was cut to identify the femoral attachment of the PCL. After the knee joint was fixed at a 120° flexion angle, the process of femoral tunnel preparation for the PCL single-bundle reconstruction was simulated. The inside-out technique was used to drill the femoral tunnel from the PCL femoral footprint inside the knee joint with an orientation to exit the medial condyle of the femur, and the combination angle of the two planes, the axial plane and the coronal plane, was adapted to the process of drilling femoral tunnels at different orientations. The following 15 angle combinations were used in the study: 0°/30°, 0°/45°, 0°/60°, 15°/30°, 15°/45°, 15°/60°, 30°/30°, 30°/45°, 30°/60°, 45°/30°, 45°/45°, 45°/60°, 60°/30°, 60°/45°, 60°/60° (axial/coronal). The positional relationship between the femoral tunnel outlet on the femoral medial condyle and the marked line was used to verify whether the tunnel drilling angle was a risk factor for MCL injury or not, and whether the shortest distance between the femoral exit center and the marked line was affected by the various angle combinations. Furthermore, the safe orientation of the femoral tunnel placement would estimated.
RESULTS
When creating the femoral tunnel for PCLR, there was a risk of damage to the MCL caused by the tunnel outlet, and the incidence was from 0 to 100%; when the drilling angle of the axial plane was 0° and 15°, the incidence of MCL damage was from 69.23% to 100%. There was a significant difference in the incidence of MCL damage among femoral tunnels of 15 angle combinations ( =148.195, <0.001). By comparison between groups, it was found that when drilling femoral tunnels at 5 combinations of 45°/45°, 45°/60°, 60°/30°, 60°/45°, and 60°/60° (axial/coronal), the shortest distances between the tunnel exit and the marked line were significantly different than 0°/45°, 0°/60°, 15°/45°, 15°/60°, and 30°/30° (axial/coronal) ( <0.05). Additionally, after comparing the median of the shortest distance with other groups, the outlets generated by these 5 angles were farther from the marked line and the posterior MCL.
CONCLUSION
The creation of the femoral tunnel in PCLR can cause iatrogenic MCL injury, and the risk is affected by the tunnel angle. To reduce the risk of iatrogenic injury, angle combinations of 45°/45°, 45°/60°, 60°/30°, 60°/45°, and 60°/60° (axial/coronal) are recommended for preparing the femoral tunnel in PCLR.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Middle Aged; Aged; Posterior Cruciate Ligament; Posterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction; Knee Joint; Femur; Cadaver; Collateral Ligaments; Iatrogenic Disease
PubMed: 36545857
DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.202208108 -
PloS One 2015Understanding movement and dispersal of the common bed bug (Cimex lectularius L.) under field conditions is important in the control of infestations and for managing the...
Understanding movement and dispersal of the common bed bug (Cimex lectularius L.) under field conditions is important in the control of infestations and for managing the spread of bed bugs to new locations. We investigated bed bug movement within and between apartments using mark-release-recapture (m-r-r) technique combined with apartment-wide monitoring using pitfall-style interceptors. Bed bugs were collected, marked, and released in six apartments. The distribution of marked and unmarked bed bugs in these apartments and their 24 neighboring units were monitored over 32 days. Extensive movement of marked bed bugs within and between apartments occurred regardless of the number of bed bugs released or presence/absence of a host. Comparison of marked and unmarked bed bug distributions confirms that the extensive bed bug activity observed was not an artifact of the m-r-r technique used. Marked bed bugs were recovered in apartments neighboring five of six m-r-r apartments. Their dispersal rates at 14 or 15 d were 0.0-5.0%. The estimated number of bed bugs per apartment in the six m-r-r apartments was 2,433-14,291 at 4-7 d after release. Longevity of bed bugs in the absence of a host was recorded in a vacant apartment. Marked large nymphs (3rd- 5th instar), adult females, and adult males continued to be recovered up to 57, 113, and 134 d after host absence, respectively. Among the naturally existing unmarked bed bugs, unfed small nymphs (1st- 2nd instar) were recovered up to 134 d; large nymphs and adults were still found at 155 d when the study ended. Our findings provide important insight into the behavioral ecology of bed bugs in infested apartments and have significant implications in regards to eradication programs and managing the spread of bed bugs within multi-occupancy dwellings.
Topics: Animal Distribution; Animals; Bedbugs; Feeding Behavior; Female; Housing; Interior Design and Furnishings; Longevity; Male
PubMed: 26352145
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136462 -
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) Aug 2021We herein report a case of seronegative immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM) concurrent with anti-Kv1.4 and anti-titin antibodies. A 72-year-old Japanese woman...
We herein report a case of seronegative immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM) concurrent with anti-Kv1.4 and anti-titin antibodies. A 72-year-old Japanese woman presented with a 29-year history of fluctuating high serum creatine kinase (CK) levels followed by intermittent ptosis and respiratory muscle weakness. This case highlights the fact that marked respiratory muscle weakness requiring intubation can be seen in an ambulant patient with IMNM. Marked respiratory muscle weakness, rhabdomyolysis-like acute elevation of CK levels, and anti-striational muscle antibodies may be a characteristic constellation of findings in a distinct subgroup of patients with inflammatory myopathy with myasthenia gravis or similar symptoms.
Topics: Aged; Autoantibodies; Female; Humans; Muscle Weakness; Muscular Diseases; Myasthenia Gravis; Myositis; Respiratory Insufficiency
PubMed: 33642484
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.6834-20 -
Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic... Apr 2021Leonardo's findings on the anatomy and physiology of the heart, preserved in his private sketches and notes, reveal a remarkable period of transition in the early...
Leonardo's findings on the anatomy and physiology of the heart, preserved in his private sketches and notes, reveal a remarkable period of transition in the early history of cardiology. The object of this research is a 'Dreyfus Madonna'. Through the programme Paint X, we moved 1 detail (blue marked) in the direction of the green arrow and we get an image of the heart with branches of the aortic arch. If we compare the image of the heart obtained by us with the anatomical sketch of Leonardo (RL 19073-74v; K/P 1 66v), we will see a sharp resemblance to the branches of the aortic arch.
Topics: Cardiology; Heart; Humans
PubMed: 33564845
DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivaa314 -
International Journal of Experimental... Jun 2014Dense tissue infiltrates of IgG4(+) plasma cells >50/high-powered field (HPF) are purportedly highly specific for IgG4-related disease. However, the frequency and...
Dense tissue infiltrates of IgG4(+) plasma cells >50/high-powered field (HPF) are purportedly highly specific for IgG4-related disease. However, the frequency and significance of liver-infiltrating IgG4(+) plasma cells in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) applying these cut-offs has not been determined. We sought to determine the incidence of intrahepatic IgG4-positive staining in PSC patients undergoing transplantation, correlating findings with clinical parameters. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on liver explants obtained between 1991 and 2009. Of 122 explants obtained, hilar IgG4(+) staining was found to be mild (10-29 IgG4(+) cells/HPF) in 23.0%, moderate (30-50/HPF) in 9.0% and marked (>50/HPF) in 15.6%. Marked hilar lymphoplasmacytic infiltration was significantly associated with marked hilar IgG4(+) staining (P < 0.001). No patient had marked peripheral IgG4(+) staining, although mild and moderate staining was observed in 24.5% and 3.3% respectively. Marked hilar IgG4(+) staining was significantly associated with the presence of dominant biliary strictures (P = 0.01) and need for biliary stenting (P = 0.001). There did not, however, exist any significant differences in the age at PSC diagnosis, presence of inflammatory bowel disease or extrahepatic autoimmune disease, frequency of cholangiocarcinoma, interval between diagnosis and transplantation, or post-transplant PSC recurrence or survival. Of 51 control liver sections (PBC = 18; HCV = 19; HBV = 8; AIH = 6), none had marked or moderate hilar IgG4(+) staining, whereas mild staining was seen in only 10% (P < 0.001). Marked (>50/HPF) hilar IgG4(+) lymphoplasmacytic infiltration is frequently observed in PSC and associated with the presence of dominant biliary strictures. However, unlike serum IgG4(+) , this does not seemingly associate with clinical disease course.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Cholangitis, Sclerosing; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Immunohistochemistry; Immunophenotyping; Liver; Liver Transplantation; Male; Middle Aged; Pancreatitis; Plasma Cells; Young Adult
PubMed: 24750423
DOI: 10.1111/iep.12076 -
Breast Cancer : Basic and Clinical... Feb 2011The objective of this study was to determine if measurements of breast morphology computed from three-dimensional (3D) stereophotogrammetry are equivalent to traditional...
The objective of this study was to determine if measurements of breast morphology computed from three-dimensional (3D) stereophotogrammetry are equivalent to traditional anthropometric measurements obtained directly on a subject using a tape measure. 3D torso images of 23 women ranged in age from 36 to 63 who underwent or were scheduled for breast reconstruction surgery were obtained using a 3dMD torso system (3Q Technologies Inc., Atlanta, GA). Two different types (contoured and line-of-sight distances) of a total of nine distances were computed from 3D images of each participant. Each participant was photographed twice, first without fiducial points marked (referred to as unmarked image) and second with fiducial points marked prior to imaging (referred to as marked image). Stereophotogrammetry was compared to traditional direct anthropometry, in which measurements were taken with a tape measure on participants. Three statistical analyses were used to evaluate the agreement between stereophotogrammetry and direct anthropometry. Seven out of nine distances showed excellent agreement between stereophotogrammetry and direct anthropometry (both marked and unmarked images). In addition, stereophotogrammetry from the unmarked image was equivalent to that of the marked image (both line-of-sight and contoured distances). A lower level of agreement was observed for some measures because of difficulty in localizing more vaguely defined fiducial points, such as lowest visible point of breast mound, and inability of the imaging system in capturing areas obscured by the breast, such as the inframammary fold. Stereophotogrammetry from 3D images obtained from the 3dMD torso system is effective for quantifying breast morphology. Tools for surgical planning and evaluation based on stereophotogrammetry have the potential to improve breast surgery outcomes.
PubMed: 21494398
DOI: 10.4137/BCBCR.S6352