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The Lancet. Public Health May 2024
Topics: Humans; Measles; Prisons; Jails; Measles Vaccine; Prisoners
PubMed: 38614107
DOI: 10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00074-4 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Mar 2018Measles vaccination has led to a significant fall in the number of measles cases and measles-related deaths worldwide. However, many countries still struggle to... (Review)
Review
Measles vaccination has led to a significant fall in the number of measles cases and measles-related deaths worldwide. However, many countries still struggle to eliminate the disease. To obtain elimination, a minimum of 95% vaccination coverage for both of the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccines is necessary as well as an efficient surveillance system and timely public health response. Presenting data on reported cases and vaccination coverage in the latest 20 years, this article describes how measles are eliminated in Denmark and recommends, how the Danish measles surveillance system can be further improved to maintain the status.
Topics: Denmark; Disease Eradication; Female; Humans; Male; Measles; Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine; Population Surveillance; Vaccination Coverage; World Health Organization
PubMed: 29559077
DOI: No ID Found -
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association... May 2024
Topics: Humans; Measles; Measles Vaccine; Canada
PubMed: 38802137
DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.240415-f -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) May 2022Measles is an RNA virus infectious disease mainly seen in children. Despite the availability of an effective vaccine against measles, it remains a health issue in... (Review)
Review
Measles is an RNA virus infectious disease mainly seen in children. Despite the availability of an effective vaccine against measles, it remains a health issue in children. Although it is a self-limiting disease, it becomes severe in undernourished and immune-compromised individuals. Measles infection is associated with secondary infections by opportunistic bacteria due to the immunosuppressive effects of the measles virus. Recent reports highlight that measles infection erases the already existing immune memory of various pathogens. This review covers the incidence, pathogenesis, measles variants, clinical presentations, secondary infections, elimination of measles virus on a global scale, and especially the immune responses related to measles infection.
Topics: Child; Coinfection; Humans; Incidence; Measles
PubMed: 35630096
DOI: 10.3390/medicina58050680 -
Current Topics in Microbiology and... 2009Remarkable progress has been made in reducing measles incidence and mortality as a consequence of implementing the measles mortality reduction strategy of the World... (Review)
Review
Remarkable progress has been made in reducing measles incidence and mortality as a consequence of implementing the measles mortality reduction strategy of the World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF). The revised global measles mortality reduction goal set forth in the WHO-UNICEF Global Immunization Vision and Strategy for 2006-2015 is to reduce measles deaths by 90% by 2010 compared to the estimated 757,000 deaths in 2000. The possibility of measles eradication has been discussed for almost 40 years, and measles meets many of the criteria for eradication. Global measles eradication will face a number of challenges to achieving and sustaining high levels of vaccine coverage and population immunity, including population growth and demographic changes, conflict and political instability, and public perceptions of vaccine safety. To achieve the measles mortality reduction goal, continued progress needs to be made in delivering measles vaccines to the world's children.
Topics: Global Health; Humans; Immunization; Infection Control; Measles; Measles Vaccine; Population Surveillance; World Health Organization
PubMed: 19203110
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-70617-5_9 -
Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease 2021While measles vaccination is widely implemented in national immunisation programmes, measles incidence rates are increasing worldwide. Dutch inhabitants who were born...
BACKGROUND
While measles vaccination is widely implemented in national immunisation programmes, measles incidence rates are increasing worldwide. Dutch inhabitants who were born between 1965-1975 may have fallen between two stools, lacking protection from a natural infection, and having missed the introduction of the measles vaccination schedule. With this study we aim to find the measles seroprevalence in travellers born between 1965 and 1975, compared to those born before 1965 and after 1975.
METHODS
Families travelling to Eastern Europe or outside Europe during the preceding year were recruited via Dutch secondary schools between 2016 and 2018. Their vaccination status was assessed using questionnaires, vaccination records and measles serology in dried blood spot (DBS) eluates. Measles virus antibody concentrations were determined with an ELISA (EUROIMMUNE®) and a subset was retested with a focus reduction neutralization assay (FRNT).
RESULTS
In 188 (79%) of the 239 available DBS eluates, the ELISA could detect sufficient measles virus-specific IgG antibodies. Of the negative samples that were retested with FRNT, 85% remained negative, resulting in an overall seroprevalence of 82% [95% CI 76-86]. Children had a lower seroprevalence (72%) than adults (87%). Travellers born between 1965 and 1975 were protected in 89%.
CONCLUSIONS
In this study, we report a measles seroprevalence of 82% among Dutch travelling families. Remarkably, seroprevalence rates were lowest in children (12-18 years) instead of travellers born between 1965 and 1975. Although a fraction of people without detectable antibodies may be protected by other immune mechanisms, these data suggest that measles (re)vaccination should be considered for travellers to endemic regions.
Topics: Adult; Antibodies, Viral; Child; Humans; Immunization Schedule; Measles; Measles Vaccine; Seroepidemiologic Studies; Vaccination
PubMed: 34728385
DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2021.102194 -
Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine Mar 2010In recent years, the number of US measles cases has increased, and outbreaks in adults continue to be reported in communities with a high number of unvaccinated people.... (Review)
Review
In recent years, the number of US measles cases has increased, and outbreaks in adults continue to be reported in communities with a high number of unvaccinated people. These trends underscore the need for high overall measles vaccination coverage, and for physicians to entertain the diagnosis of measles in adult patients with a febrile illness and rash.
Topics: Age Distribution; Contraindications; Encephalitis; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Measles; Measles Vaccine; Pneumonia; Risk Factors; Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis; United States; Vaccines, Attenuated
PubMed: 20200172
DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.77a.09123 -
Vaccine Dec 2014Tremendous progress has been made globally to reduce the contribution of measles to the burden of childhood deaths and measles cases have dramatically decreased with... (Review)
Review
Tremendous progress has been made globally to reduce the contribution of measles to the burden of childhood deaths and measles cases have dramatically decreased with increased two dose measles-containing vaccine coverage. As a result the Global Vaccine Action Plan, endorsed by the World Health Assembly, has targeted measles elimination in at least five of the six World Health Organisation Regions by 2020. This is an ambitious goal, since measles control requires the highest immunisation coverage of any vaccine preventable disease, which means that the health system must be able to reach every community. Further, while measles remains endemic in any country, importations will result in local transmission and outbreaks in countries and Regions that have interrupted local endemic measles circulation. One of the lines of evidence that countries and Regions must address to confirm measles elimination is a detailed description of measles epidemiology over an extended period. This information is incredibly valuable as predictable epidemiological patterns emerge as measles elimination is approached and achieved. These critical features, including the source, size and duration of outbreaks, the seasonality and age-distribution of cases, genotyping pointers and effective reproduction rate estimates, are discussed with illustrative examples from the Region of the Americas, which eliminated measles in 2002, and the Western Pacific Region, which has established a Regional Verification Commission to review progress towards elimination in all member countries.
Topics: Communicable Disease Control; Disease Eradication; Humans; Measles; Measles Vaccine
PubMed: 25444814
DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.10.061 -
Uirusu Dec 2009Further attenuated live measles vaccine strains were developed through passages in chick embryo cells or other non-permissive cells from the Edmonston strain. The number... (Review)
Review
Further attenuated live measles vaccine strains were developed through passages in chick embryo cells or other non-permissive cells from the Edmonston strain. The number of measles patients has reduced through worldwide acceptance of measles vaccine. Measles elimination was achieved in American continents and the goal of measles elimination in Western Pacific region was aimed by 2012. Recent development of molecular techniques facilitates the reverse genetics to recover the infectious virus from the cDNA clone constructed from measles RNA genome. Using this technology, characteristics of attenuated measles vaccine strain were investigated and new approach has started to develop the recombinant measles vaccine expressing foreign virus antigen(s) against the infectious diseases for which no effective vaccine is available. Besides infectious diseases, the oncolytic measles virus based on measles vaccine strains was developed for targeting cancer cells.
Topics: Animals; Cloning, Molecular; DNA, Complementary; DNA, Viral; Disease Outbreaks; Genetic Vectors; Humans; Measles; Measles Vaccine; Measles virus; Molecular Biology; Oncolytic Viruses; RNA, Viral; Vaccines, Synthetic
PubMed: 20218334
DOI: 10.2222/jsv.59.257 -
Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology 2017Measles, a highly infectious viral disease is the next target for eradication following poliovirus. Decades of experience with highly effective vaccination has... (Review)
Review
Measles, a highly infectious viral disease is the next target for eradication following poliovirus. Decades of experience with highly effective vaccination has invigorated us to take on this virus. The task is not only Titanic but is laced with intricate issues. Recently, an outbreak of fever with rash occurred on a tertiary care teaching hospital campus and was confirmed serologically as measles outbreak by IgMELISA. Therefore, we searched the literature related to outbreaks, transmission of the measles virus, age groups involved, vaccination strategies, vaccination failure and epidemiological features of the disease and reviewed the possible reasons for such outbreaks and problems in the global eradication of the virus.
Topics: Age Distribution; Disease Eradication; Disease Outbreaks; Disease Transmission, Infectious; Global Health; Humans; Measles; Measles Vaccine; Risk Factors
PubMed: 28303812
DOI: 10.4103/ijmm.IJMM_16_233