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PeerJ 2023Cardiovascular disease, which is mainly caused by coronary atherosclerosis, is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Gut microbiota likely play an...
BACKGROUND
Cardiovascular disease, which is mainly caused by coronary atherosclerosis, is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Gut microbiota likely play an important role in coronary atherosclerosis. This study aims to investigate the microbiota profile of adults with coronary atherosclerosis to provide a theoretical basis for future research.
METHODS
Fecal samples were collected from 35 adult patients diagnosed with coronary atherosclerosis and 32 healthy adults in Nanjing, China, and the V3-V4 region of 16S rDNA genes was sequenced using high-throughput sequencing. Differences in alpha diversity, beta diversity, and gut microbiota composition between the two groups were then compared.
RESULTS
A beta diversity analysis revealed significant differences between adults with coronary atherosclerosis and controls, but there was no statistical difference in alpha diversity between the two groups. There were also differences in the composition of the gut microbiota between the two groups. The genera, , , , , , were identified as potential biomarkers for coronary atherosclerosis.
CONCLUSION
There are some differences in the gut microbiota of adults with coronary atherosclerosis compared to healthy adults. The insights from this study could be used to explore microbiome-based mechanisms for coronary atherosclerosis.
Topics: Humans; Adult; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Coronary Artery Disease; Microbiota; Cardiovascular Diseases; China
PubMed: 37220524
DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15245 -
Nutrients Apr 2023The etiology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) remains unclear, with both genetic and environmental factors potentially contributing. This study aimed to explore the...
The etiology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) remains unclear, with both genetic and environmental factors potentially contributing. This study aimed to explore the relationship among gut microbiota (GM), intestinal permeability, and food intake with inflammatory markers in inactive SLE patients. A total of 22 women with inactive SLE and 20 healthy volunteers were enrolled, and dietary intake was assessed through 24-h dietary recalls. Plasma zonulin was used to evaluate intestinal permeability, while GM was determined by 16S rRNA sequencing. Regression models were used to analyze laboratory markers of lupus disease (C3 and C4 complement and C-reactive protein). Our results showed that the genus Megamonas was significantly enriched in the iSLE group ( < 0.001), with Megamonas funiformis associated with all evaluated laboratory tests ( < 0.05). Plasma zonulin was associated with C3 levels ( = 0.016), and sodium intake was negatively associated with C3 and C4 levels ( < 0.05). A combined model incorporating variables from each group (GM, intestinal permeability, and food intake) demonstrated a significant association with C3 complement levels ( < 0.01). These findings suggest that increased Megamonas funiformis abundance, elevated plasma zonulin, and higher sodium intake may contribute to reduced C3 complement levels in women with inactive SLE.
Topics: Humans; Female; Complement C3; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Sodium, Dietary
PubMed: 37111218
DOI: 10.3390/nu15081999 -
Frontiers in Veterinary Science 2022Spotty Liver Disease (SLD) is a serious infectious disease which occurs mainly in laying chickens in free range production systems. SLD outbreaks can increase mortality...
Spotty Liver Disease (SLD) is a serious infectious disease which occurs mainly in laying chickens in free range production systems. SLD outbreaks can increase mortality and decrease egg production of chickens, adversely impact welfare and cause economic hardship for poultry producers. The bacterium is the primary cause of the disease. This study aimed to identify the effects of on chicken gut microbiota and gut structure. Three strains (HV10, NSW44L and QLD19L), isolated from different states of Australia, were used in the study. Chickens at 26-weeks post-hatch were orally dosed with one of the strains (challenged groups) or Brucella broth (unchallenged or control group). Six days after the challenge, birds were necropsied to assess liver damage, and caecal content and tissue samples were collected for histology, microbiology, and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to characterize the composition of the bacterial microbiota. Strain NSW44L produced significantly more disease compared to the other strains and this coincided with more adverse changes observed in the caecal microbiota of the birds challenged with this strain compared to the control group. Microbial diversity determined by Shannon and Simpson alpha diversity indices was lower in the NSW44L challenged groups compared to the control group ( = 0.009 and 0.0233 respectively, at genus level). Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) producing bacteria and were significantly reduced in the challenged groups compared to the unchallenged control group. Although SLD-induction affected the gut microbiota of chickens, their small intestine morphology was not noticeably affected as there were no significant differences in the villus height or ratio of villus height and crypt depth. As gut health plays a pivotal role in the overall health and productivity of chickens, approaches to improve the gut health of the birds during SLD outbreaks such as through diet and keeping the causes of stress to a minimum, may represent significant ways to alleviate the impact of SLD.
PubMed: 36387407
DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1039774 -
Comparison of Cecal Microbiota and Performance Indices Between Lean-Type and Fatty-Type Pekin Ducks.Frontiers in Microbiology 2022Fatty-type (FT) Pekin ducks exhibit higher lipid deposition than lean-type (LT) ducks. The gut microbiota plays an important role in modulating fat metabolism. We...
Fatty-type (FT) Pekin ducks exhibit higher lipid deposition than lean-type (LT) ducks. The gut microbiota plays an important role in modulating fat metabolism. We compared the growth performance, slaughter performance, and cecal microbiota of FT and LT Pekin ducks and analyzed the role of cecal microbiota in lipid deposition in Pekin ducks. A total of 140 1-day-old FT and LT Pekin ducks with similar body weights were randomly assigned to 10 cages, with 14 ducks in each replicate. All ducks were fed commercial diets from 28 to 42 days of age. Results showed that the average body weight and feed intake of FT ducks were higher than those of LT ducks. The breast muscle and eviscerated percentages of LT ducks were higher than those of FT ducks; the abdominal fat and sebum percentages of LT ducks were lower than those of FT ducks at 6 weeks of age ( < 0.01). 16S DNA sequencing of the cecal microbiota revealed that the bacterial abundance differed between FT and LT ducks at 4 and 6 weeks of age. The abundance of Firmicutes was higher, while that of Fusobacteria and was lower in LT ducks than in FT ducks at 4 weeks of age. The abundance of Spirochaetes was higher, while that of Firmicutes and Bacteroides was lower in LT ducks than in FT ducks at 6 weeks of age. The abundance of Spirochaetes and Brachyspira in LT ducks was higher at 6 weeks than at 4 weeks of age. Interestingly, the abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroides in FT ducks was higher at 6 weeks of age than at 4 weeks of age, while that of Fusobacteria and was lower at 6 weeks than at 4 weeks of age. Linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis showed that , , , , , , and Fusobacteria may be involved in the fat metabolism pathway as specific markers. We reveal the differences in microbial abundance in the cecal microbiota between FT and LT Pekin ducks and provide an insight into the role of cecal microbiota in lipid deposition in Pekin ducks.
PubMed: 35350611
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.820569 -
Veterinary Sciences Jul 2020Several studies have underlined the interplay among host-microbiome and pathophysiological conditions of animals. Research has also focused specifically on whether and...
Several studies have underlined the interplay among host-microbiome and pathophysiological conditions of animals. Research has also focused specifically on whether and how changes in the gut microbiome have provoked the occurrence of pathological phenomena affecting cartilage and joints in humans and in laboratory animals. Here, we tried to evaluate the relationship between the gut microbiome and the hip and elbow arthritis in owned dogs. The study included 14 dogs suffering from chronic arthritis (AD) and 13 healthy dogs (HD). After the first visit and during the period of the study, the dogs, under the supervision of the owner, were fed a semi-moist complete diet supplemented with omega 3 fatty acids. Feces and blood samples were collected in the clinic at the first visit (T0) and after days (T45). The plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) was higher, and the serum vitamin B12 and folate concentrations were lower ( 0.05) in the AD group in comparison to the HD group. Data of the fecal microbiome showed that the relative abundances of the genus were higher in AD ( 0.001), while the relative abundance of the families Paraprevotellaceae, Porphyromonadaceae, and Mogibacteriaceae was significantly lower in comparison to HD. The results of the study identified several bacterial groups that differed significantly in the fecal microbiome between healthy and diseased dogs. If the observed differences in fecal bacterial composition predispose dogs to hip and elbow arthritis or if these differences reflect a correlation with these conditions deserves further investigation.
PubMed: 32674496
DOI: 10.3390/vetsci7030092 -
BMC Microbiology Mar 2021Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease associated with multiple comorbidities and substantially diminishes patients' quality of life. The gut microbiome has become a...
BACKGROUND
Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease associated with multiple comorbidities and substantially diminishes patients' quality of life. The gut microbiome has become a hot topic in psoriasis as it has been shown to affect both allergy and autoimmunity diseases in recent studies. Our objective was to identify differences in the fecal microbial composition of patients with psoriasis compared with healthy individuals to unravel the microbiota profiling in this autoimmune disease.
RESULTS
We collected fecal samples from 30 psoriasis patients and 30 healthy controls, sequenced them by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing, and identified the gut microbial composition using bioinformatic analyses including Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology (QIIME) and Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt). Our results showed that different relative abundance of certain bacterial taxa between psoriasis patients and healthy individuals, including Faecalibacterium and Megamonas, were increased in patients with psoriasis. It's also implicated that many cytokines act as main effect molecules in the pathology of psoriasis. We selected the inflammation-related indicators that were abnormal in psoriasis patients and found the microbiome variations were associated with the level of them, especially interleukin-2 receptor showed a positive relationship with Phascolarctobacterium and a negative relationship with the Dialister. The relative abundance of Phascolarctobacterium and Dialister can be regard as predictors of psoriasis activity. The correlation analysis based on microbiota and Inflammation-related indicators showed that microbiota dysbiosis might induce an abnormal immune response in psoriasis.
CONCLUSIONS
We concluded that the gut microbiome composition in psoriasis patients has been altered markedly and provides evidence to understand the relationship between gut microbiota and psoriasis. More mechanistic experiments are needed to determine whether the differences observed in gut microbiota are the cause or consequences of psoriasis and whether the relationship between gut microbiota and cytokines was involved.
Topics: Biodiversity; Cytokines; Dysbiosis; Feces; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Psoriasis; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 33685393
DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02125-1 -
BMC Microbiology Dec 2022The mortality of colorectal cancer is high, the malignant degree of poorly differentiated colorectal cancer is high, and the prognosis is poor.
BACKGROUND
The mortality of colorectal cancer is high, the malignant degree of poorly differentiated colorectal cancer is high, and the prognosis is poor.
OBJECTIVE
To screen the characteristic intestinal microbiota of poorly differentiated intestinal cancer.
METHODS
Fecal samples were collected from 124 patients with moderately differentiated CRC and 123 patients with poorly differentiated CRC, and the bacterial 16S rRNA V1-V4 region of the fecal samples was sequenced. Alpha diversity analysis was performed on fecal samples to assess the diversity and abundance of flora. The RDP classifier Bayesian algorithm was used to analyze the community structure. Linear discriminant analysis and Student's t test were used to screen the differences in flora. The PICRUSt1 method was used to predict the bacterial function, and six machine learning models, including logistic regression, random forest, neural network, support vector machine, CatBoost and gradient boosting decision tree, were used to construct a prediction model for the poor differentiation of colorectal cancer.
RESULTS
There was no significant difference in fecal flora alpha diversity between moderately and poorly differentiated colorectal cancer (P > 0.05). The bacteria that accounted for a large proportion of patients with poorly differentiated and moderately differentiated colorectal cancer were Blautia, Escherichia-Shigella, Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, and Bacteroides. At the genus level, there were nine bacteria with high abundance in the poorly differentiated group, including Bifidobacterium, norank_f__Oscillospiraceae, Eisenbergiella, etc. There were six bacteria with high abundance in the moderately differentiated group, including Megamonas, Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG-003, Actinomyces, etc. The RF model had the highest prediction accuracy (100.00% correct). The bacteria that had the greatest variable importance in the model were Pseudoramibacter, Megamonas and Bifidobacterium.
CONCLUSION
The degree of pathological differentiation of colorectal cancer was related to gut flora, and poorly differentiated colorectal cancer had some different bacterial flora, and intestinal bacteria can be used as biomarkers for predicting poorly differentiated CRC.
Topics: Humans; Colorectal Neoplasms; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Bayes Theorem; Bacteria; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Feces
PubMed: 36539710
DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02712-w -
Scientific Reports Nov 2022The aim of this study was to assess the dynamics of microbial communities and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in the chicken gut following amoxicillin and...
The aim of this study was to assess the dynamics of microbial communities and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in the chicken gut following amoxicillin and thiamphenicol treatments and potential co-selection of ARGs. To this purpose, the microbial community composition, using 16S rRNA NGS, and the abundance of ARGs conferring resistance to β-lactams and phenicols, using qPCRs, were determined. Results revealed that the administered antimicrobials did not significantly reduce the gut microbiota diversity, but changed its composition, with taxa (e.g. Gallibacterium and Megamonas) being enriched after treatment and replacing other bacteria (e.g. Streptococcus and Bifidobacterium). Positive correlations were found between ARGs (e.g. cmlA, bla, and bla) and the relative abundance of specific taxa (e.g. Lactobacillus and Subdoligranulum). The selective pressure exerted by both amoxicillin and thiamphenicol resulted in an increased abundance of ARGs conferring resistance to β-lactams (e.g. bla, bla and bla) and phenicols (e.g. floR and cmlA). These findings, together with the co-occurrence of genes conferring resistance to the two antimicrobial classes (e.g. bla and cmlA), suggest a possible interaction among antimicrobials on resistance emergence, possibly due to the presence of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) carrying multiple resistance determinants.
Topics: Animals; Thiamphenicol; Amoxicillin; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Chickens; Drug Resistance, Microbial; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Anti-Bacterial Agents; beta-Lactams
PubMed: 36437351
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24927-7 -
Journal of Zhejiang University.... Dec 2022: Osteoporosis (OP) has become a major public health issue, threatening the bone health of middle-aged and elderly people from all around the world. Changes in the gut... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
: Osteoporosis (OP) has become a major public health issue, threatening the bone health of middle-aged and elderly people from all around the world. Changes in the gut microbiota (GM) are correlated with the maintenance of bone mass and bone quality. However, research results in this field remain highly controversial, and no systematic review or meta-analysis of the relationship between GM and OP has been conducted. This paper addresses this shortcoming, focusing on the difference in the GM abundance between OP patients and healthy controls based on previous 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing results, in order to provide new clinical reference information for future customized prevention and treatment options of OP. : According to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), we comprehensively searched the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). In addition, we applied the R programming language version 4.0.3 and Stata 15.1 software for data analysis. We also implemented the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), funnel plot analysis, sensitivity analysis, Egger's test, and Begg's test to assess the risk of bias. : This research ultimately considered 12 studies, which included the fecal GM data of 2033 people (604 with OP and 1429 healthy controls). In the included research papers, it was observed that the relative abundance of and increased in the OP group, while the relative abundance for of Bacteroidetes increased (except for Ireland). Meanwhile, Firmicutes, , , , and showed reduced relative abundance in Chinese studies. In the linear discriminant analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) analysis, certain bacteria showed statistically significant results consistently across different studies. : This observational meta-analysis revealed that changes in the GM were correlated with OP, and variations in some advantageous GM might involve regional differences.
Topics: Aged; Humans; Middle Aged; Feces; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Genes, rRNA; Osteoporosis; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 36518053
DOI: 10.1631/jzus.B2200344 -
BioMed Research International 2021Increasing evidences have reported gut microbiota dysbiosis in many diseases, including chronic kidney disease and pediatric idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS). There... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
BACKGROUND
Increasing evidences have reported gut microbiota dysbiosis in many diseases, including chronic kidney disease and pediatric idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS). There is lack evidence of intestinal microbiota dysbiosis in adults with INS, however. Here, we to address the association between the gut microbiome and INS.
METHODS
Stool samples of 35 adult INS patients and 35 healthy volunteers were collected. Total bacterial DNA was extracted, and the V4 regions of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene were sequenced. The fecal microbiome was analyzed using bioinformatics. The correlation analysis between altered taxa and clinical parameters was also included.
RESULTS
We found that microbial diversity in the gut was reduced in adult patients with INS. , , , , , , , , , , , , and were significantly reduced, while , , , , , and were markedly increased in patients with INS. In addition, , , and were negatively correlated with serum creatinine. Blood urea nitrogen levels were positively correlated with , , , , and , but were negatively correlated with and . , , , , , and were positively correlated with albumin. Proteinuria was positively correlated with , , , , , , , and , but was negatively correlated with , , and e.
CONCLUSION
Our findings show compositional alterations of intestinal microbiota in adult patients with INS and correlations between significantly altered taxa and clinical parameters, which points out the direction for the development of new diagnostics and therapeutic approaches targeted intestinal microbiota.
Topics: Adult; Bacteria; DNA, Bacterial; Feces; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nephrotic Syndrome
PubMed: 33681383
DOI: 10.1155/2021/8854969