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Journal of Experimental & Clinical... Oct 2011MDR1 gene encoding P-glycoprotein is an ATP-dependent drug efflux transporter and related to drug resistance of yolk sac carcinoma. Ultrasound microbubble-mediated...
BACKGROUND
MDR1 gene encoding P-glycoprotein is an ATP-dependent drug efflux transporter and related to drug resistance of yolk sac carcinoma. Ultrasound microbubble-mediated delivery has been used as a novel and effective gene delivery method. We hypothesize that small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting MDR1 gene (siMDR1) delivery with microbubble and ultrasound can down-regulate MDR1 expression and improve responsiveness to chemotherapeutic drugs for yolk sac carcinoma in vitro.
METHODS
Retroviral knockdown vector pSEB-siMDR1s containing specific siRNA sites targeting rat MDR1 coding region were constructed and sequence verified. The resultant pSEB-siMDR1 plasmids DNA were encapsulated with lipid microbubble and the DNA release were triggered by ultrasound when added to culture cells. GFP positive cells were counted by flow cytometry to determine transfection efficiency. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blot were performed to determine the mRNA and protein expression of MDR1. P-glycoprotein function and drug sensitivity were analyzed by Daunorubicin accumulation and MTT assays.
RESULTS
Transfection efficiency of pSEB-siMDR1 DNA was significantly increased by ultrasound microbubble-mediated delivery in rat yolk sac carcinoma L2 (L2-RYC) cells. Ultrasound microbubble-mediated siMDR1s delivery effectively inhibited MDR1 expression at both mRNA and protein levels and decreased P-glycoprotein function. Silencing MDR1 led to decreased cell viability and IC50 of Vincristine and Dactinomycin.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results demonstrated that ultrasound microbubble-mediated delivery of MDR1 siRNA was safe and effective in L2-RYC cells. MDR1 silencing led to decreased P-glycoprotein activity and drug resistance of L2-RYC cells, which may be explored as a novel approach of combined gene and chemotherapy for yolk sac carcinoma.
Topics: ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; Animals; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Blotting, Western; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Daunorubicin; Drug Delivery Systems; Drug Resistance, Multiple; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Endodermal Sinus Tumor; Flow Cytometry; Genetic Vectors; Microbubbles; RNA, Small Interfering; Rats; Ultrasonics
PubMed: 22035293
DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-30-104 -
Journal of Clinical and Experimental... Nov 2009A 20-year-old man with a primary non-seminomatous mediastinal germ cell tumor (yolk sac tumor and immature teratoma) developed hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) three months... (Review)
Review
A 20-year-old man with a primary non-seminomatous mediastinal germ cell tumor (yolk sac tumor and immature teratoma) developed hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) three months after surgical resection. Around the same time, the patient was found to have bone metastases of the germ cell tumor. No other hereditary or acquired diseases related to HPS were found. The thrombocytopenia was refractory to corticosteroid therapy but improved after chemotherapy performed for germ cell tumor progression. Only three cases of germ cell tumor associated with reactive hemophagocytosis have been previously reported. Successful treatment of the present case by chemotherapy for HPS suggests a close relationship between this rare complication and germ cell tumor.
Topics: Adult; Bone Neoplasms; Endodermal Sinus Tumor; Humans; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic; Male; Mediastinal Neoplasms; Neoplasm Metastasis; Remission Induction; Teratoma
PubMed: 19907116
DOI: 10.3960/jslrt.49.117 -
Cancer Imaging : the Official... Jun 2009Calcified peritoneal implants have been attributed to various malignant and benign causes. We present an interesting case of a 32-year-old woman who presented with... (Review)
Review
Calcified peritoneal implants have been attributed to various malignant and benign causes. We present an interesting case of a 32-year-old woman who presented with abdominal pain, distension and vaginal bleeding. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed calcified peritoneal implants with a malignant ovarian mass. Histopathology showed an endodermal sinus tumor, a rare cause of calcified peritoneal carcinomatosis.
Topics: Adult; Calcinosis; Endodermal Sinus Tumor; Female; Humans; Ovarian Neoplasms; Peritoneal Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 19602468
DOI: 10.1102/1470-7330.2009.0006 -
Scientific Reports Jun 2015Ovarian yolk sac tumors (YSTs) are rare neoplasms. No radiological study has been done to compare the imaging findings between this type of tumor and other ovarian...
Ovarian yolk sac tumors (YSTs) are rare neoplasms. No radiological study has been done to compare the imaging findings between this type of tumor and other ovarian tumors. Here we analyzed the CT findings of 11 pathologically proven ovarian YSTs and compared their imaging findings with 18 other types of ovarian tumors in the same age range. Patient age, tumor size, tumor shape, ascites and metastasis of two groups did not differ significantly (P > 0.05). A mixed solid-cystic nature, intratumoral hemorrhage, marked enhancement and dilated intratumoral vessel of two groups differed significantly (P < 0.05). The area under the ROC curve of four significant CT features was 0.679, 0.707, 0.705, and 1.000, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified two independent signs of YST: intratumoral hemorrhage and marked enhancement. Our results show that certain suggestive CT signs that may be valuable for improving the accuracy of imaging diagnosis of YST and may be helpful in distinguishing YST from other ovarian tumors.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Area Under Curve; Ascites; Cystadenocarcinoma; Diagnosis, Differential; Endodermal Sinus Tumor; Female; Hemorrhage; Humans; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Ovarian Neoplasms; Ovary; Peritoneal Neoplasms; ROC Curve; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Tumor Burden
PubMed: 26074455
DOI: 10.1038/srep11000 -
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Jun 2009Gastric yolk sac tumors are extremely rare and their prognosis is poor; most patients have widespread metastases at the time of diagnosis. The treatment of gastric yolk... (Review)
Review
Gastric yolk sac tumors are extremely rare and their prognosis is poor; most patients have widespread metastases at the time of diagnosis. The treatment of gastric yolk sac tumors consists of aggressive chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy and surgery. Here, we first report a case of gastric yolk sac tumor presenting as an early gastric cancer that was cured after a gastrectomy with lymphadenectomy.
Topics: Biopsy; Endodermal Sinus Tumor; Gastrectomy; Gastroscopy; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Lymph Node Excision; Male; Middle Aged; Stomach Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome; alpha-Fetoproteins
PubMed: 19543494
DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2009.24.2.143 -
Medicine Feb 2021Primary yolk sac tumor (YST) is an infrequently-diagnosed malignant extragonadal germ cell tumors. It is likely to recur locally and may present with widespread...
INTRODUCTION
Primary yolk sac tumor (YST) is an infrequently-diagnosed malignant extragonadal germ cell tumors. It is likely to recur locally and may present with widespread metastases once diagnosed. Primary YST of the head is uncommon but can cause severe complications, such as loss of vision once the tumor mass invades the optic nerve.
PATIENT CONCERNS
A 20-month-old boy presented to the general clinic of the local children's hospital with a complaint of swelling of left face for 1 year and proptosis of the left eye for over 2 weeks as stated by his parents. Initially, he did have some vision, as he could walk by himself, but a special ophthalmologic examination was not performed.
DIAGNOSES
Cranial computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large tumor accompanied by peripheral bone destruction in the left pterygopalatine fossa that extended to sphenoid, ethmoid, left maxillary sinuses, left nasoethmoid, and left orbit. The optic nerve was invaded on both sides. Chest and abdominal imaging were normal. A primary diagnosis of Langerhans cell hyperplasia was made. However, blood tests on the second day of hospitalization revealed significantly elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein levels. On the third day, the boy lost his eyesight, with loss of pupillary and no light sensation during flashlight stimulation on both sides.
INTERVENTIONS
Nasal endoscopy was performed on the fourth day, the vast majority of soft tissue mass was resected for biopsy. Histopathological examination revealed features of endodermal sinus tumor. A final diagnosis of primary YST of pterygopalatine fossa was made. Because the mass could not be resected completely, he received combined chemotherapy with bleomycin, etoposide, and carboplatin for 6 cycles over six months.
OUTCOMES
The patient recovered with significant tumor shrinkage and without secondary metastasis after 18 months but left permanently blind.
CONCLUSION
The worst complication of loss of vision after Primary YST of pterygopalatine fossa alerts us that close physical examination during the initial investigation should be performed, which is especially important in young children who cannot express complaints well. Early detection and treatment with surgical resection and chemotherapy may contribute to satisfactory outcomes and avoidance of visual impairment.
Topics: Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Bleomycin; Blindness; Carboplatin; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Delayed Diagnosis; Endodermal Sinus Tumor; Humans; Infant; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Pterygopalatine Fossa; Skull Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 33663127
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000024916 -
The Oncologist Feb 2021The novel coronavirus disease 2019 has grown to be a global public health emergency. The rapid spread of the infection has raised many questions in the oncohematological...
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 has grown to be a global public health emergency. The rapid spread of the infection has raised many questions in the oncohematological scientific community regarding the appropriateness of high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). We here report two cases of patients who received ASCT at our Institute during the epidemic in Italy, affected with Hodgkin lymphoma and germ cell tumor, respectively. The two patients underwent a nasopharyngeal swab for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on hospital admittance and during the period of bone marrow aplasia. They were attended to exclusively by dedicated health care staff who followed specifically implemented protocols for bedside nursing and care. They completed the procedure without unexpected side effect. Our experience demonstrates how ASCT can be performed safely if procedures are reorganized ad hoc to reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; COVID-19; COVID-19 Testing; Endodermal Sinus Tumor; Female; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Infection Control; Male; Pandemics; Protective Clothing; SARS-CoV-2; Transplantation Conditioning; Transplantation, Autologous; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 33044758
DOI: 10.1002/onco.13563 -
Urology Journal Nov 2014To determine the proportion of benign and malignant testicular lesions among patients with nonpalpable incidental testicular masses.
PURPOSE
To determine the proportion of benign and malignant testicular lesions among patients with nonpalpable incidental testicular masses.
METHODS AND MATERIALS
Ten patients with nonpalpable incidental testicular masses underwent surgical exploration. Surgery was performed via an inguinal approach with temporary cord occlusion and frozen section examination (FSE) of the lesions. Benign findings allowed for testicular sparing surgery (TSS), whereas cancer prompted total orchiectomy.
RESULTS
The lesions measured 6-19 mm in the largest diameter. Four of the 10 lesions were benign (40%) and TSS was accomplished in these cases. Complete concordance was observed between the results of FSE and permanent histopathology examination. Of the six patients with cancer, four had pure seminoma and two were mixed germ cell tumor. Surveillance was applied in four of these patients, radiotherapy was used in one patient with seminoma and retroperitoneal lymph node dissection was done in one patient with mixed germ cell tumor. With an average follow-up duration of 24 months, all patients were alive and free of disease. All four patients in whom TSS was accomplished had an uneventful postoperative course, and after an average follow-up duration of 20 months, all had normal results in scrotal physical examination and ultrasound.
CONCLUSION
Malignant lesion always should be considered in nonpalpable incidental testicular masses and surgical exploration is mandatory. TSS is safe and effective in patients with small benign lesions. Cancer is reliably detected by FSE.
Topics: Adult; Endodermal Sinus Tumor; Epidermal Cyst; Humans; Incidental Findings; Leiomyoma; Leydig Cell Tumor; Male; Middle Aged; Seminoma; Testicular Neoplasms; Ultrasonography; Young Adult
PubMed: 25361710
DOI: No ID Found -
JNMA; Journal of the Nepal Medical... Feb 2023Yolk sac tumour frequently arises in the gonads as a type of germ cell tumour, though rare is a highly malignant ovarian tumour in children and prompt treatment should...
UNLABELLED
Yolk sac tumour frequently arises in the gonads as a type of germ cell tumour, though rare is a highly malignant ovarian tumour in children and prompt treatment should be done. We hereby report a case of malignant ovarian tumour presenting with an abdominal lump and increased urinary frequency. Different diagnostic modalities were used such as ultrasonography of the whole abdomen, contrast-enhanced computed tomography abdomen pelvis and tumour markers of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin and alpha-fetoprotein. This revealed an 18.2x14.3x10 cm mass likely a neoplastic germ cell tumour with minimal ascites. A tumour mass was found to arise from the left ovary and complete excision of the tumour along the left fallopian tube was done. Adjuvant chemotherapy started immediately. We hereby present a case of a 9-year-old girl with a huge yolk sac tumour of the left ovary which is rare in our setting and is presented here to differentiate any ovarian mass in this age group.
KEYWORDS
children; surgical procedure; yolk sac tumour.
Topics: Female; Humans; Child; Endodermal Sinus Tumor; Yolk Sac; Ovarian Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal
PubMed: 37203966
DOI: 10.31729/jnma.8041 -
Journal of Clinical Pathology Dec 1998Primary yolk sac tumour of the liver is exceedingly rare. A 28 year old woman presented with a cystic liver mass and a markedly raised serum alpha-fetoprotein... (Review)
Review
Primary yolk sac tumour of the liver is exceedingly rare. A 28 year old woman presented with a cystic liver mass and a markedly raised serum alpha-fetoprotein concentration. She underwent a partial hepatectomy for a suspected hepatocellular carcinoma but histological examination of the tumour revealed the classical morphological and immunohistochemical features of a yolk sac tumour. There was no evidence of an extrahepatic primary source. Review of this case, together with the six previously reported adult cases of primary yolk sac tumours of the liver, revealed several features of the tumour that may aid differentiation from hepatocellular carcinoma, with potential therapeutic implications.
Topics: Adult; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Diagnosis, Differential; Endodermal Sinus Tumor; Female; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; alpha-Fetoproteins
PubMed: 10070339
DOI: 10.1136/jcp.51.12.939