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Indian Journal of Critical Care... Aug 2015In this summer season (May-June 2014) most of the days temperature was more than 40°C. Our hospital is surrounded by huge slums area. The population which is low in... (Review)
Review
In this summer season (May-June 2014) most of the days temperature was more than 40°C. Our hospital is surrounded by huge slums area. The population which is low in socioeconomic status used to work in such high temperature for more than 8 h daily. Hence, they are very prone to develop heat injuries in the form of heat edema, heat tetany, heat syncope, heat cramps, miliaria rubra, heat exhaustion, and heatstroke. Again it is compulsory to upgrade our knowledge on this life threatening condition.
PubMed: 26321809
DOI: 10.4103/0972-5229.162470 -
Dermatology Online Journal Jul 2004Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common eczematous skin condition; as many as 10-17 percent of all children are affected, and 35-60 percent of affected patients manifest... (Review)
Review
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common eczematous skin condition; as many as 10-17 percent of all children are affected, and 35-60 percent of affected patients manifest symptoms manifest during the first year of life. Treatment principles for AD in young children involve conservative measures such as avoidance of hot water and environmental irritants, combined with liberal use of emollients after bathing. Low potency topical corticosteroids (TCS) are the current standard of therapy for AD in young children, reserving mid- and high-potency TCS for severe disease. However, complications of long-term use of TCS include skin atrophy, stria formation, telangiectasia, hypopigmentation, secondary infections, steroid acne, allergic contact dermatitis, and miliaria. The pediatric population is also at increased risk for systemic absorption because of their high ratio of skin surface to body mass. Systemic absorption may result in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis suppression and ultimately growth retardation. Although most topical and systemic corticosteroids are not approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use in children less than 2 years of age, conservative treatment often fails in this age group and frequently patients are treated with TCS, antibiotics, and antihistamines.
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Dermatitis, Atopic; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation; Drug Utilization Review; Emollients; Female; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infant; Male; Ointments; Pain; Pruritus; Retrospective Studies; Tacrolimus; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 15347484
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Investigative Dermatology Oct 1967
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Humans; Indicators and Reagents; Male; Miliaria; Occlusive Dressings; Plastics; Sweat Glands; Sweating
PubMed: 6058498
DOI: No ID Found -
Indian Journal of Dermatology 2010The under-five population is a unique and vulnerable component of our society that always demands special attention.
INTRODUCTION
The under-five population is a unique and vulnerable component of our society that always demands special attention.
AIMS
Our present work aimed to study the seasonal variation, age-wise variation and distribution of lesions of common dermatoses of this age group.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We clinically studied all fresh cases attending the skin OPD of our hospital for one month each from summer, rainy season and winter. Total number of patients was 879.
RESULTS
The top six skin diseases in our study were impetigo, miliaria, scabies, furunculosis, seborrheic dermatitis and papular urticaria. On statistical analysis, scabies and seborrheic dermatitis were more prevalent during winter while impetigo, furunculosis and miliaria were more during summer and rainy season. Papular urticaria was more frequent in the rainy season. Seborrheic dermatitis predominantly affected the infants while impetigo, furunculosis, miliaria and popular urticaria were commoner in older age groups.
CONCLUSION
Distribution of lesions of common dermatoses will help diagnose difficult cases and extensive evaluation of the body parts which, by virtue of being commonly affected, are must-examine sites in under-five children.
PubMed: 20418977
DOI: 10.4103/0019-5154.60351 -
Actas Dermo-sifiliograficas Sep 2013
Topics: Aminolevulinic Acid; Biopsy; Diagnosis, Differential; Ear Diseases; Ear, External; Epithelial Cells; Female; Humans; Keratins; Keratosis; Middle Aged; Miliaria; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents
PubMed: 23871459
DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2012.07.033 -
Journal of Family Medicine and Primary... Nov 2023During the neonatal life cycle, various dermatological conditions are common. In comparison to the skin of adults, neonates' skins are more susceptible to infections in...
BACKGROUND
During the neonatal life cycle, various dermatological conditions are common. In comparison to the skin of adults, neonates' skins are more susceptible to infections in the first week of their lives. These infections often lead to many dermatological skin complications and create worrisome among parents. Hence, it is crucial to diagnose and manage such affected neonates at the earliest. This study aimed to highlight and estimate the occurrence of numerous dermatoses and assess various skin changes that occurred physiologically and pathologically in neonates.
METHODOLOGY
In this cross-sectional observational study, 474 neonates were enrolled in the neonatal intensive care unit. The whole newborn skin surface, comprising the palms and soles, scalp, mucous membranes, genitalia, hair, and nails, was scrutinized under adequate light, and all changes that occurred over the skin were observed and recorded. The sample size estimation was undertaken from the references that have the least prevalent cutaneous dermatosis: hypertrichosis desquamation and napkin dermatosis. A statistical analysis like the Chi-square test was performed to associate the type of dermatosis with the parameters of age, gender, delivery type, and birth weight.
RESULTS
Of the total 474 cases, 90 (18.98%) had single dermatosis, while the remaining 384 (81.01%) had more than one form of dermatosis. Among the 384 cases, sebaceous gland hyperplasia (SGH) in 105 (22.15%), Epstein pearls in 50 (10.54%), erythema toxicum neonatorum (ETN) in 40 (8.43%), physiological desquamation in 25 (5.27%), lanugo hair in 20 (4.21%), miliaria in 22 (4.64%), salmon patch in 13 (2.74%), cradle cap/seborrheic dermatitis in 6 (1.26%), vernix caseosa in 12 (2.53%), transient neonatal pustular melanosis in 13 (2.74%), congenital melanocytic nevus in 20 (4.21%), hemangioma in 15 (3.16%), neonatal acne in 5 (1.05%), napkin dermatitis in 10 (2.10%), cutis marmorata in 6 (1.26%), milia in 2 (0.42%) intertrigo 3 (0.63%), collodion baby in 2 (0.42%), and neonatal occipital alopecia in 2 (0.42%) neonates each and others, respectively.
CONCLUSION
The findings from the present study were representative of a specific racial/geographic distribution and will assist in adding or comparing the prevalence of neonatal dermatosis with other geographic regions as the array of dermatological characterizations in neonates varies as per time and place. This study aims to provide insight into the future implications in the neonatal dermatology domain and avoid further skin complications.
PubMed: 38186839
DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_513_23 -
JAAD Case Reports Jun 2022
PubMed: 35600567
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2022.04.005 -
Jornal de Pediatria 2023Determine the frequency of dermatological diagnoses in preterm newborns up to 28 days of life and associated perinatal factors.
OBJECTIVES
Determine the frequency of dermatological diagnoses in preterm newborns up to 28 days of life and associated perinatal factors.
METHOD
a cross-sectional analytical study with a convenience sample and prospective data collection, was conducted between November 2017 and August 2019. Overall, 341 preterm newborns who had been admitted to a University hospital - including those admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit - were evaluated.
RESULTS
61 (17.9%) had less than 32 weeks gestational age (GA), with a mean GA and birth weight of 33.9 ± 2.8 weeks and 2107.8 ± 679.8g (465 to 4230g), respectively. The median age at the time of evaluation was 2.9 days (4 h to 27 days). The frequency of dermatological diagnoses was 100% and 98.5% of the sample had two or more, with an average of 4.67+1.53 dermatoses for each newborn. The 10 most frequent diagnoses were lanugo (85.9%), salmon patch (72.4%), sebaceous hyperplasia (68.6%), physiological desquamation (54.8%), dermal melanocytosis (38.7%), Epstein pearls (37.2%), milia (32.2%), traumatic skin lesions (24%), toxic erythema (16.7%), and contact dermatitis (5%). Those with GA< 28 weeks showed more traumatic injuries and abrasions, whereas those with ≥ 28 weeks had physiological changes more frequently, and those with GA between 34-36 weeks, had transient changes.
CONCLUSION
Dermatological diagnoses were frequent in our sample and those with higher GA showed a higher frequency of physiological (lanugo and salmon patch) and transient changes (toxic erythema and miliaria). Traumatic lesions and contact dermatitis were among the 10 most frequent injuries, reinforcing the need to effectively implement neonatal skin care protocols, especially in preterm.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Cross-Sectional Studies; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Birth Weight; Erythema; Gestational Age; Dermatitis, Contact; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal
PubMed: 37172615
DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2023.04.005 -
Journal of the American Academy of... Jan 1998Eccrine glands are uniquely susceptible to a variety of pathologic processes. Alteration in the rate of sweat secretion manifests as hypohidrosis and hyperhidrosis.... (Review)
Review
Eccrine glands are uniquely susceptible to a variety of pathologic processes. Alteration in the rate of sweat secretion manifests as hypohidrosis and hyperhidrosis. Obstruction of the eccrine duct leads to miliaria. The excretion of drugs into eccrine sweat may be a contributory factor in neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis (NEH), syringosquamous metaplasia (SSM), coma bulla, and erythema multiforme (EM). Alterations in the electrolyte composition of eccrine sweat can be observed in several systemic diseases, most notably cystic fibrosis. This article summarizes current knowledge of eccrine gland pathophysiology.
Topics: Adult; Blister; Child; Coma; Cystic Fibrosis; Disease Susceptibility; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Eccrine Glands; Electrolytes; Erythema Multiforme; Hidradenitis; Humans; Hyperhidrosis; Hypohidrosis; Metaplasia; Miliaria; Sweat; Sweat Gland Diseases
PubMed: 9448199
DOI: 10.1016/s0190-9622(98)70532-8 -
Clinical Case Reports Aug 2021Miliaria crystallina is frequently seen in intensive care patients. This skin condition should be known by both anesthesiologists and dermatologists to avoid unnecessary...
Miliaria crystallina is frequently seen in intensive care patients. This skin condition should be known by both anesthesiologists and dermatologists to avoid unnecessary investigations.
PubMed: 34430023
DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.4665