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Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging Jan 2014
Topics: Appendectomy; Appendiceal Neoplasms; Appendix; Cystadenoma, Mucinous; Humans; Image Enhancement; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Male; Middle Aged; Mucocele; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 24433760
DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2013.07.015 -
BMC Veterinary Research Jun 2019Leptin has been shown to have various physiological and pathological roles in the canine gallbladder. In this study, we performed pre- and postoperative short-term...
BACKGROUND
Leptin has been shown to have various physiological and pathological roles in the canine gallbladder. In this study, we performed pre- and postoperative short-term follow-up analyses to confirm changes in serum leptin levels before and after cholecystectomy due to gallbladder mucocele (GBM) or cholelithiasis in dogs.
RESULTS
Twenty-six cholecystectomized dogs (GBM: n = 14; cholelithiasis: n = 12) for prophylactic or clinical symptom relief were enrolled in the present study. Dogs were subgrouped according to clinical symptoms and prognosis after surgery as follows: 1) asymptomatic group (n = 13), 2) recovery group (n = 8), and 3) death group (n = 5). Liver enzymes, total bilirubin, lipid profiles, and leptin concentrations were determined from sera on the pre-operative day and at 1, 3, and 7 days postoperation. Serum leptin concentrations were gradually but significantly decreased in the asymptomatic group (p = 0.008, 0.004, and 0.004 on days 1, 3, and 7, respectively, compared with that before surgery) and the recovery group (p = 0.048 and 0.048 on days 3 and 7, respectively, compared with that before surgery). However, in the death group, leptin concentrations did not differ significantly over time (p = 0.564). Additionally, serum leptin levels in the recovery group (p = 0.006) and death group (p = 0.021) were significantly higher than those in the asymptomatic group. Liver enzymes and total bilirubin (T-Bil) were significantly decreased only in the recovery group, particularly on day 7. In the asymptomatic group, liver enzymes and T-Bil were not changed significantly over time, and in the death group, only T-Bil was significantly decreased on day 7. Total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were not significantly decreased over time in all groups.
CONCLUSIONS
These results indicate that leptin is a potential biomarker reflecting the severity and prognosis of GBM and cholelithiasis both before and after cholecystectomy in dogs.
Topics: Animals; Cholecystectomy; Cholelithiasis; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Gallbladder Diseases; Leptin; Male; Mucocele; Postoperative Period; Preoperative Period; Prognosis
PubMed: 31238989
DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-1964-z -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Sep 2016Onodi cell mucoceles are rare entities that can cause devastating ocular complications if not treated promptly. Delays in the diagnosis are possible because of the wide... (Review)
Review
Onodi cell mucoceles are rare entities that can cause devastating ocular complications if not treated promptly. Delays in the diagnosis are possible because of the wide range of differential diagnoses of unilateral retrobulbar optic neuropathy. We describe a new case of Onodi cell mucocele in a 39-year-old woman, and we present a comprehensive review of the literature on this entity. To the best of our knowledge, no review of Onodi cell mucoceles has been previously published. Our review found that 69% of patients with an Onodi cell mucocele experienced an improvement in vision after surgical decompression. The vast majority of these patients underwent endoscopic decompression; the timing of surgical decompression did not appear to affect outcomes in terms of vision. Onodi cell mucocele requires a high degree of clinical suspicion for diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach to management that involves primary care physicians, ophthalmologists, and otolaryngologists. Early surgical treatment via an endoscopic approach is recommended for most patients, regardless of the duration of their ophthalmologic signs and symptoms.
Topics: Adult; Decompression, Surgical; Diagnosis, Differential; Eye Diseases; Female; Humans; Mucocele
PubMed: 27657326
DOI: 10.1177/014556131609500905 -
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 2024Information is limited regarding the prevalence and importance of hepatic histologic abnormalities in dogs with gallbladder mucocele (GBM).
BACKGROUND
Information is limited regarding the prevalence and importance of hepatic histologic abnormalities in dogs with gallbladder mucocele (GBM).
OBJECTIVES
To (a) report prevalence of hepatic histologic abnormalities in dogs with GBM (b) evaluate for association between hepatic abnormalities and outcome in dogs with GBM (c) evaluate whether neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) differs in dogs with GBM with and without specific hepatic lesions.
ANIMALS
Fifty-two dogs with grossly and histologically confirmed GBM.
METHODS
Multicenter, retrospective study of dogs with GBM undergoing cholecystectomy with concurrent liver biopsy. Archived histological sections of gallbladder and liver evaluated by investigators blinded to data. Proportions of dogs with each histologic abnormality alive vs deceased at 1, 3, and 12 months post-cholecystectomy compared. Mann-Whitney U performed to determine if NLR differed in dogs with or without selected lesions.
RESULTS
51/52 (98%, 95% CI [89%, 99%]) dogs with GBM had at least 1 hepatic histologic abnormality. Hepatic fibrosis (37/51; 73%, 95% CI [59%, 83%]), biliary hyperplasia (29/52; 56%, 95% CI [42%, 68%]), and portal inflammation (25/52; 48%, 95% CI [35%, 61%]) were most common. The proportion of dogs alive vs dead differed based on the fibrosis score at 1, 3, and 12 (P ≤ .04) months post-cholecystectomy. Dogs with hepatic necrosis (P = .006) and cholangitis/cholangiohepatitis (P = .02) had higher NLRs compared to dogs without these lesions.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE
Histologic abnormalities of the liver are common in dogs with GBM. A higher portal fibrosis score might be associated with shortened long-term survival after cholecystectomy for dogs with GBM. An increase in NLR might predict hepatic necrosis and cholangitis/cholangiohepatitis in dogs with GBM.
Topics: Dogs; Animals; Retrospective Studies; Mucocele; Prevalence; Gallbladder Diseases; Liver Diseases; Bile Duct Diseases; Cholangitis; Fibrosis; Necrosis; Dog Diseases
PubMed: 37921591
DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16922 -
Il Giornale Di Chirurgia 2015The classification of mucinous tumors of the vermiform appendix is quite controversial, and includes a spectrum of neoplastic lesions ranging from benign proliferations,... (Review)
Review
The classification of mucinous tumors of the vermiform appendix is quite controversial, and includes a spectrum of neoplastic lesions ranging from benign proliferations, intraluminal, to invasive adenocarcinomas. Among the complications of appendicular mucinous neoplasms we should mention the "pseudomyxoma peritonei", a condition caused by cancerous cells (mucinous adenocarcinoma) that produce abundant mucin or gelationous ascites. Mucinous neoplasms of the appendix are rare diseases of unknown etiology. The diagnosis is difficult because of poorly specific clinical, biochemical and imaging parameters, and their detection can be occasional. Most of the reported cases involving women of reproductive age (with a history of endometriosis, abdominal surgery or pelvic inflammatory disease). The definitive diagnosis requires histology and immunohistochemistry. Cytoredutive surgery combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemoterapy (HIPEC) is now considered the best treatment for this disease. We present two cases treated with surgery and HIPEC.
Topics: Adult; Appendix; Cecal Diseases; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Mucocele
PubMed: 26888705
DOI: 10.11138/gchir/2015.36.6.276 -
Journal of the American Veterinary... Sep 2019
Topics: Animals; Cholecystitis; Diagnosis, Differential; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Mucocele
PubMed: 31429653
DOI: 10.2460/javma.255.5.525 -
BMJ Case Reports Mar 2015Appendicectomy is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures. Appendiceal mucocele is a relative rare disease, but appropriate management is critical.... (Review)
Review
Appendicectomy is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures. Appendiceal mucocele is a relative rare disease, but appropriate management is critical. Indeed, the intact removal of a mucocele represents a curative treatment; conversely, a rupture may result in the spread of epithelial cells throughout the peritoneal cavity (pseudomyxoma peritonei). We report a case of a 61-year-old woman, admitted to our department, who underwent resection of an appendiceal mucocele, focusing, in the discussion, on the clinical and surgical management of this disease.
Topics: Appendectomy; Appendix; Cystadenoma, Mucinous; Female; Humans; Laparotomy; Middle Aged; Mucocele; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 25777488
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2014-209045 -
PloS One 2018Mucocele formation is characterized by secretion of abnormally thick mucus by the gallbladder epithelium of dogs that may cause obstruction of the bile duct or rupture...
Mucocele formation is characterized by secretion of abnormally thick mucus by the gallbladder epithelium of dogs that may cause obstruction of the bile duct or rupture of the gallbladder. The disease is increasingly recognized and is associated with a high morbidity and mortality. The cause of gallbladder mucocele formation in dogs is unknown. There is a strong breed predisposition and affected dogs have a high incidence of concurrent endocrinopathy or hyperlipidemia. These observations suggest a significant influence of both genetic and metabolic factors on disease pathogenesis. In this study, we investigated a theory that mucocele formation is associated with a syndrome of metabolic disruption. We surmised that a global, untargeted metabolomics approach could provide unique insight into the systemic pathogenesis of gallbladder mucocele formation and identify specific compounds as candidate biomarkers or treatment targets. Moreover, concurrent examination of the serum and hepatic duct bile metabolome would enable the construction of mechanism-based theories or identification of specific compounds responsible for altered function of the gallbladder epithelium. Abnormalities observed in dogs with gallbladder mucocele formation, including a 33-fold decrease in serum adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP), lower quantities of precursors required for synthesis of energy transporting nucleotides, and increases in citric acid cycle intermediates, suggest excess metabolic energy and a carbon surplus. Altered quantities of compounds involved in protein translation and RNA turnover, together with accumulation of gamma-glutamylated and N-acetylated amino acids in serum suggest abnormal regulation of protein and amino acid metabolism. Increases in lathosterol and 7α-hydroxycholesterol suggest a primary increase in cholesterol synthesis and diversion to bile acid formation. A number of specific biomarker compounds were identified for their ability to distinguish between control dogs and those that formed a gallbladder mucocele. Particularly noteworthy was a significant decrease in quantity of biologically active compounds that stimulate biliary ductal fluid secretion including adenosine, cAMP, taurolithocholic acid, and taurocholic acid. These findings support the presence of significant metabolic disruption in dogs with mucocele formation. A targeted, quantitative analysis of the identified serum biomarkers is warranted to determine their utility for diagnosis of this disease. Finally, repletion of compounds whose biological activity normally promotes biliary ductal secretion should be examined for any therapeutic impact for resolution or prevention of mucocele formation.
Topics: Animals; Bile; Blood; Dogs; Female; Gallbladder Diseases; Male; Metabolomics; Mucocele
PubMed: 29324798
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191076 -
BMC Veterinary Research Oct 2023This study aimed to describe the diagnosis and treatment of various surgical salivary affections in buffaloes.
AIM
This study aimed to describe the diagnosis and treatment of various surgical salivary affections in buffaloes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study included 135 buffaloes examined at Dakahlia Governorate between 2011 and 2022 suffering from various surgical salivary affections. The recorded surgical affections had salivary fistula (n = 44), ectasia of Stenson's duct (n = 11), ranula/mucocele (n = 46), and cervical sialocele (n = 34). The buffaloes were sedated using an intramuscular injection of xylazine (0.05 mg/kg) and local infiltration analgesia of lidocaine for specific surgical interventions.
RESULTS
The salivary duct fistula cases were surgically corrected using a retrograde infusion of povidone-iodine into the duct and its double ligation with Prolene following fistulectomy. Intraoral marsupialization was done in buffaloes suffering from ectasia of the parotid duct. The mucocele /ranula was surgically incised with daily flushing with povidone-iodine. The cervical sialocele was treated by giving an elliptical excision on the sialocele, and sialoadenectomy of the mandibular salivary gland was performed to facilitate dynamic fluid/saliva drainage. A 92.5% of diseased buffaloes showed an uneventful recovery without any postoperative complications after the first treatment, whereas 7.5% of animals tended to recur. The most common and almost equally distributed salivary affections recorded in adult buffaloes were parotid duct fistula, mucocele, and cervical sialocele. The Stenson's duct ectasia was commonly registered in calves, being congenital.
CONCLUSION
Ranula was the most common salivary affection encountered in adult buffaloes, closely followed by parotid duct fistulae and cervical sialoceles. Stenson's duct ectasia was the least encountered salivary affection in calves and was congenital. All salivary affections were corrected easily and safely, with satisfactory outcomes.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Buffaloes; Ranula; Retrospective Studies; Mucocele; Dilatation, Pathologic; Povidone-Iodine; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Salivary Ducts; Bison; Fistula; Cattle Diseases
PubMed: 37858185
DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03755-5 -
Chirurgia (Bucharest, Romania : 1990) 2015Appendiceal mucocele (AM) was described for the first time by Rokitansky in 1842.1 Its incidence is 0.2 - 0.4% of all apendectomies performed, as it is observed... (Review)
Review
Appendiceal mucocele (AM) was described for the first time by Rokitansky in 1842.1 Its incidence is 0.2 - 0.4% of all apendectomies performed, as it is observed predominantly in women with the ratio of 4/1 versus men and most frequently at the age of 50.2,3 We present to your attention a 64-year-old woman, who was referred to diagnostic further clarification after a preventive gynaecologic exam. Appendiceal mucocele with retrocecal location, enveloped by additional Jackson's membranes was determined intraoperatively. The formation has been dissected and appendectomy was performed without mucocele integrity being compromised. The permanent histological specimen revealed mucinous cystadenoma with clear resection lines, without any data on the appendiceal base being affected. The patient was discharged on the third day after surgery without any complications, and further follow-up was scheduled in 6 months.
Topics: Appendectomy; Appendiceal Neoplasms; Appendix; Cystadenoma, Mucinous; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Goblet Cells; Humans; Incidental Findings; Middle Aged; Mucocele; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 26713834
DOI: No ID Found