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The Urologic Clinics of North America Aug 2000Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common soft-tissue sarcoma found in children and can arise almost anywhere skeletal muscle is found. It represents 4% to 8% of malignant... (Review)
Review
Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common soft-tissue sarcoma found in children and can arise almost anywhere skeletal muscle is found. It represents 4% to 8% of malignant solid tumors in children, ranking behind central nervous system tumors, lymphoma, neuroblastoma, and Wilms' tumor. Reconstructive surgery has become an integral part of the total plan in patients undergoing radical surgery for rhabdomyosarcoma. Advances in surgical techniques can often provide a reasonable lifestyle for patients.
Topics: Child; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Neoplasm Staging; Pelvic Neoplasms; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Rhabdomyosarcoma; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Urinary Diversion; Vaginal Neoplasms
PubMed: 10985148
DOI: 10.1016/s0094-0143(05)70096-3 -
Indian Journal of Pathology &... Apr 2024Adult rhabdomyoma is an uncommon and benign striated muscle tumor consisting of striated muscular tissue. This neoplasm usually originates from cardiac muscle, and... (Review)
Review
Adult rhabdomyoma is an uncommon and benign striated muscle tumor consisting of striated muscular tissue. This neoplasm usually originates from cardiac muscle, and extracardiac rhabdomyoma is extremely rare. Herein, we report a case of adult rhabdomyoma in the lung, which has only been reported once in the 1970s. A 62-year-old woman presented to our hospital with a solid nodule on the right upper lobe. We performed tumor resection surgery and confirmed the diagnosis of adult rhabdomyoma by postoperative pathological examination. Herein, we report the clinical and pathologic characteristics of pulmonary adult rhabdomyoma (PAR) and review the literature about adult rhabdomyoma.
Topics: Humans; Rhabdomyoma; Female; Middle Aged; Lung Neoplasms; Lung; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Immunohistochemistry
PubMed: 38391381
DOI: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_382_22 -
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory... Nov 2008Myofibroblastoma (MFB) of the breast is an unusual benign tumor that belongs to the family of the "benign spindle cell tumors of the mammary stroma." The name MFB... (Review)
Review
CONTEXT
Myofibroblastoma (MFB) of the breast is an unusual benign tumor that belongs to the family of the "benign spindle cell tumors of the mammary stroma." The name MFB reflects its cellular composition, comprising mainly stromal cells with fibromyofibroblastic and, less frequently, myoid differentiation. Since the original description, the morphologic spectrum of MFB has been expanded by the recognition of several unusual morphologic variants, such as the cellular, infiltrative, epithelioid, deciduoid-like, lipomatous, collagenized/fibrous, and myxoid variants.
OBJECTIVE
To review the literature on mammary MFB, discussing the main clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features helpful for diagnosis. Since MFB may show alarming morphologic features, which can lead to a misdiagnosis of malignancy, histologic figures of this tumor, including its more unusual variants, are provided to offer pathologists a practical approach to a correct diagnosis. Histogenesis and pathogenesis of this tumor are also proposed.
DATA SOURCES
Clinicopathologic data on MFB were extracted from all identified articles through PUB Medline- based research. Histologic figures have been taken from the personal archive of the author.
CONCLUSIONS
The incidence of MFB diagnosis has increased in recent years, likely due to the mammographic screening. Accordingly, this unusual benign tumor may represent a potential diagnostic pitfall, especially when interpreting fine-needle aspiration and/or needle core biopsy. Pathologists should be aware of the wide morphologic spectrum exhibited by MFB to avoid a misdiagnosis of malignancy.
Topics: Biopsy, Needle; Breast Neoplasms; Diagnosis, Differential; Diagnostic Errors; Female; Humans; Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue
PubMed: 18976021
DOI: 10.5858/132.11.1813 -
BMC Ophthalmology May 2022Inflammatory Myofibroblastoma Tumors (IMTs) are extremely tumour rare in the intraocular. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Inflammatory Myofibroblastoma Tumors (IMTs) are extremely tumour rare in the intraocular.
CASE PRESENTATION
A ciliary body tumor was found under slit lamp biomicroscopy in a 55-year-old male first diagnosed with cataract. Then this patient underwent trans-sclera resection via partial lamellar sclerouvectomy and par plans vitrectomy to remove the mass. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemistry findings showed that the characteristics of the tumor were consistent with IMT.
CONCLUSIONS
We reported a rare case of intraocular IMT, which is confirmed by H&E staining, and IHC positive staining for Vimentin, Desmin and ALK, while negative staining for SMA, S-100, ki-67, CK, CD68, and calponin.
Topics: Ciliary Body; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue; Uveal Neoplasms
PubMed: 35501775
DOI: 10.1186/s12886-022-02411-0 -
Medicine Jul 2016Leiomyoma of the bladder is a rare tumor arising from the submucosa. Most patients with bladder leiomyoma may present with urinary frequency or obstructive urinary... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Leiomyoma of the bladder is a rare tumor arising from the submucosa. Most patients with bladder leiomyoma may present with urinary frequency or obstructive urinary symptoms. However, there are a few cases of bladder leiomyoma coexisting with uterine leiomyoma presenting as dyspareunia. We herein report an unusual case of coexisting bladder leiomyoma and uterine leiomyoma presenting as dyspareunia.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 44-year-old Asian female presented to urologist and complained that she had experienced dyspareunia over the preceding several months. A pelvic ultrasonography revealed a mass lesion located in the trigone of urinary bladder. The mass lesion was confirmed on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). The CT scan also revealed a lobulated and enlarged uterus consistent with uterine leiomyoma. Then, the biopsies were then taken with a transurethral resection (TUR) loop and these biopsies showed a benign proliferation of smooth muscle in a connective tissue stroma suggestive of bladder leiomyoma. An open local excision of bladder leiomyoma and hysteromyomectomy were performed successfully. Histological examination confirmed bladder leiomyoma coexisting with uterine leiomyoma.
CONCLUSION
This case highlights a rare presentation of bladder leiomyoma, dyspareunia, as the chief symptom in a patient who had coexisting uterine leiomyoma. Bladder leiomyomas coexisting with uterine leiomyomas are rare and can present with a wide spectrum of complaints including without symptoms, irritative symptoms, obstructive symptoms, or even dyspareunia.
Topics: Adult; Biopsy; Female; Humans; Leiomyoma; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Uterine Neoplasms
PubMed: 27428187
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000003971 -
Diagnostic Pathology Jun 2014Angiomyofibroblastoma (AMF) is a rare, benign, soft-tissue tumor, which predominantly occurs in the vulvovaginal region of middle-aged women. It is clinically important... (Review)
Review
UNLABELLED
Angiomyofibroblastoma (AMF) is a rare, benign, soft-tissue tumor, which predominantly occurs in the vulvovaginal region of middle-aged women. It is clinically important to distinguish an AMF from other stromal cell lesions. Here, we report the case of a 32-year-old woman with a rare, giant pelvic AMF, which showed a benign clinical course. The tumor was located in the cul-de-sac of Douglas. It was well demarcated, hypocellular, edematous and composed of spindle-shaped and oval stromal cells aggregating around thin-walled blood vessels. The tumor cells had abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, and expressed estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors and desmin. Mitotic figures were absent. It is important to distinguish AMFs from aggressive angiomyxomas because both occur at similar sites but show different clinical behaviors. Most AMFs and aggressive angiomyxomas have the same immunohistochemical phenotype. The well-circumscribed borders of AMF are the most important characteristic that distinguish it from aggressive angiomyxomas. AMFs rarely recur after complete surgical excision.
VIRTUAL SLIDES
The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/5510813471244189.
Topics: Adult; Angiofibroma; Angiomyoma; Biomarkers, Tumor; Biopsy; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue; Pelvic Neoplasms; Predictive Value of Tests; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Tumor Burden
PubMed: 24894537
DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-9-106 -
Radiographics : a Review Publication of... 2018Leiomyosarcoma is a malignant neoplasm that shows smooth muscle differentiation. It is the second most common sarcoma to affect the retroperitoneum. Retroperitoneal...
Leiomyosarcoma is a malignant neoplasm that shows smooth muscle differentiation. It is the second most common sarcoma to affect the retroperitoneum. Retroperitoneal leiomyosarcomas may grow to large sizes before detection and may be an incidental finding at imaging. When symptomatic, retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma may cause compressive symptoms, including pain. Retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma most commonly manifests as a large soft-tissue mass, with areas of necrosis. The most frequent pattern of growth is an entirely extravascular mass. Less commonly, leiomyosarcoma may demonstrate both extravascular and intravascular components. Rarely, retroperitoneal leiomyosarcomas are completely intravascular, typically arising from the inferior vena cava. Given its variable imaging features, a large variety of neoplastic and nonneoplastic conditions are included in the differential diagnosis of retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma. In this review, the authors discuss retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma, with emphasis on the pathologic basis of disease, and illustrate the multimodality imaging appearances of retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma using cases from the Radiologic Pathology Archives of the American Institute for Radiologic Pathology. The authors review important differential considerations of retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma, focusing on the extravascular pattern of growth, and emphasize clinical and imaging features that help radiologists differentiate leiomyosarcoma from the most frequent mimics. The information presented in this review will aid radiologists in fulfilling their key roles in the diagnosis, operative planning, and follow-up of patients with retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Leiomyosarcoma; Patient Care Planning; Retroperitoneal Neoplasms
PubMed: 30207936
DOI: 10.1148/rg.2018180006 -
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 1995Tumor-associated hypoglycemia has been reported in dogs with pancreatic beta-cell tumors, hepatic tumors, and, rarely, with other neoplasms. This article describes 4... (Review)
Review
Tumor-associated hypoglycemia has been reported in dogs with pancreatic beta-cell tumors, hepatic tumors, and, rarely, with other neoplasms. This article describes 4 dogs with marked hypoglycemia associated with smooth muscle tumors (jejunal leiomyoma, gastric leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma, and splenic leiomyosarcoma). Presenting clinical signs included grand mal seizures, lethargy, weakness, ataxia, and, in 1 dog, polyuria/polydipsia. The serum insulin concentration was low in 1 dog and normal in the other dog evaluated. Immunohistochemical staining for insulin was negative in the 4 tumors; the 3 tumors arising from the stomach and jejunum stained diffusely positive for glucagon. Blood glucose concentrations rapidly returned to normal after complete surgical resection of the tumors, and clinical signs associated with hypoglycemia resolved. Long-term follow-up available in 3 of the 4 dogs found no recurrence of clinical signs related to hypoglycemia at 15, 31, and 38 months after surgery, respectively.
Topics: Animals; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Hypoglycemia; Leiomyoma; Leiomyosarcoma; Male; Smooth Muscle Tumor
PubMed: 8558489
DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.1995.tb03302.x -
European Review For Medical and... Jun 2020To evaluate the short-term prognostic value of matrix metalloproteinase 14 (MMP14) in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the short-term prognostic value of matrix metalloproteinase 14 (MMP14) in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Expression of MMP14 and clinical information from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were mined in MIBC patients to analyse expression differences and conduct survival analyses. The mRNA and protein expression levels of MMP14 in other tumours were analysed using Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and The Human Protein Atlas. The expression level of MMP14 in bladder cancer (BC) cell lines and clinical samples and its clinical significance were indicated using quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR), Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. The biological functions of MMP14 were investigated by examining cell migration using in vitro wound-healing assays and cell invasion using transwell invasion assays. Survival analyses were conducted with the collected clinical follow-up data.
RESULTS
Our study revealed that MMP14 is highly expressed in MIBC based, on both TCGA derived data and our clinical tissues (p<0.05). MMP14 is also highly expressed in head and neck cancer, renal cancer, pancreatic cancer and other cancers, as analysed using GEPIA and The Human Protein Atlas (p<0.05). Survival analyses of the TCGA data and our clinical follow-up data revealed high expression of MMP14 indicates a poor short-term prognosis in MIBC (p<0.05). Furthermore, downregulation of MMP14 suppressed BC cell invasion and migration abilities in vitro. MMP14 expression was closely correlated with tumour metastasis (p<0.05). T stage [hazard ratio (HR)=1.412, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.121-1.779, p=0.003] and metastasis (HR=2.256, 95% CI=1.242-4.100, p=0.008) were unfavourable prognostic factors in BC patients.
CONCLUSIONS
In MIBC, MMP14 expression is upregulated and closely associated with disease progression and poor short-term prognosis.
Topics: Aged; Biomarkers, Tumor; Cell Line, Transformed; Cell Line, Tumor; Disease Progression; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Male; Matrix Metalloproteinase 14; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue; Prognosis; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
PubMed: 32633349
DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202006_21646 -
Cirugia Espanola Aug 2007Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata is an uncommon condition characterized by subperitoneal proliferation of benign nodules mainly composed of benign smooth muscle...
Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata is an uncommon condition characterized by subperitoneal proliferation of benign nodules mainly composed of benign smooth muscle cells. This entity generally appears in premenopausal women and hormonal influences may play a role in its pathogenesis. The macroscopic appearance mimics peritoneal carcinomatosis. The characteristic clinical course is asymptomatic and diagnosis is only feasible after microscopic examination. To date, less than 100 cases have been reported in the literature. We report the case of a 40-year-old woman who underwent surgery in our department.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Leiomyomatosis; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Muscle, Smooth; Neoplasms, Connective Tissue; Peritoneum; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 17785148
DOI: 10.1016/s0009-739x(07)71680-9