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The Angle Orthodontist Sep 2019To evaluate the precision of the virtual occlusal record using the Carestream CS3600 Intraoral Scanner (Carestream Dental, Atlanta, Ga).
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the precision of the virtual occlusal record using the Carestream CS3600 Intraoral Scanner (Carestream Dental, Atlanta, Ga).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 20 participants were recruited for this prospective study using preestablished inclusion/exclusion criteria. A complete intraoral scan and two bite registrations were obtained. The participants were instructed to bite with normal pressure when bite registrations were acquired. Contact locations, size (circumference), and intensity were identified on the maxillary first molars and canines. Agreement between contact size and intensity was assessed with intraclass correlation coefficients. Kappa statistics evaluated agreement in contact locations. Statistical significance was set at < .05.
RESULTS
All participant data were included for statistical analysis. Between the two bite registrations, nonstatistically significant differences were observed in the proportion of locations with contacts ( = .7681). A nonstatistically significant difference (-0.25 mm, = .8416) in mean contact circumference size was observed. A statistically significant difference in mean contact intensity was observed ( = .0448). When evaluating agreement between the bite registrations, a weak correlation for size (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.35) and intensity (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.32) was observed as well as a moderate agreement for contact location (κ coefficient = 0.67).
CONCLUSIONS
The findings suggest that the Carestream intraoral scanner software possesses adequate precision when acquiring the location and size of the contacts in bite registrations. The scanner failed to demonstrate adequate precision when acquiring contact intensities in bite registrations. Additional research is warranted to further investigate the precision of virtual occlusal records with currently available software systems.
Topics: Dental Occlusion; Humans; Jaw Relation Record; Models, Dental; Prospective Studies; Software
PubMed: 30920871
DOI: 10.2319/092018-684.1 -
European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry Dec 2021To determine if there are differences between the dental arch dimensions and occlusal characteristics of children born prematurely and admitted into a Neonatal Intensive...
AIM
To determine if there are differences between the dental arch dimensions and occlusal characteristics of children born prematurely and admitted into a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) (study group) and children born at term (control group). The study group was analysed at the same time in order to find out if the parameters of the dental arches are related to specific perinatal variables.
MATERIALS
Study design: Out of a total of 504 children born between 2011 and 2014 in high-risk conditions at the clinic of the University Hospital "San Cecilio" in Granada (Spain), 78 children were selected. Of these 42 had been born prematurely and admitted to the NICU (study group) and 36 had been born at term (control group). The age of the sample was 5 to 8 years. The parameters of the dental arches, together with the occlusal characteristics, were examined using dental casts. Both the upper and lower arches were measured for a total of 156 dental casts with a FINO digital caliper.
CONCLUSION
The data confirm the smaller size of the dental arch dimensions of children born prematurely and admitted to a NICU compared with children born at term. This fact should be taken into consideration with regard to future orthodontic and paediatric dentistry treatments.
Topics: Case-Control Studies; Child; Child, Preschool; Dental Arch; Dental Occlusion; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Spain
PubMed: 35034462
DOI: 10.23804/ejpd.2021.22.04.6 -
BMC Oral Health May 2023This study was conducted to detect the overall performance of both static and dynamic occlusion in post-orthodontic patients using quantified methods, and to ascertain...
Computerized dynamic occlusal analysis and its correlation with static characters in post-orthodontic patients using the T-Scan system and the ABO objective grading system.
OBJECTIVES
This study was conducted to detect the overall performance of both static and dynamic occlusion in post-orthodontic patients using quantified methods, and to ascertain the correlation between the two states of occlusion.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 112 consecutive patients evaluated by ABO-OGS were included in this study. Based on the pre-treatment Angle's classification of the malocclusion, samples were divided into four groups. After removing orthodontic appliances, each patients underwent the American Board of Orthodontic objective grading system (ABO-OGS) and T-Scan evaluations. All the scores were compared within these groups. Statistical evaluation included reliability tests, multivariate ANOVA, and correlation analyses (p < 0.05 was considered significant).
RESULTS
The mean ABO-OGS score was satisfactory and did not differ by Angle classifications. The indices making substantial contributions to ABO-OGS were occlusal contacts, occlusal relationships, overjet, and alignment. Disocclusion time in post-orthodontic patients was longer than normal. Occlusion time, disocclusion time, and force distribution during dynamic motions were considerably influenced by static ABO-OGS measurements, especially occlusal contacts, buccolingual inclination, and alignment.
CONCLUSION
Post-orthodontic cases that passed the static evaluation of clinicians and ABO-OGS may nevertheless be left with dental casts interference in dynamic motions. Both static and dynamic occlusion should be extensively evaluated before ending orthodontic treatment. Further research is needed on dynamic occlusal guidelines and standards.
Topics: Humans; United States; Orthodontics; Specialty Boards; Reproducibility of Results; Malocclusion; Dental Occlusion
PubMed: 37217888
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02868-5 -
Anesthesia Progress 1984Review of the literature indicates that most routine orofacial dysfunctions are characterized by deep pain. Various disorders of the masticatory systems, particularly... (Review)
Review
Review of the literature indicates that most routine orofacial dysfunctions are characterized by deep pain. Various disorders of the masticatory systems, particularly musculoskeletal conditions, are thought to be triggered by occlusal disharmonies. The pain component develops following a pattern of bruxism, muscle hyperactivity, fatigue and spasm. Treatment for most disorders has been to modify the occlusion, although the rational for doing so appears questionable.CRITICAL ISSUES IN THE FIELD OF OCCLUSION RELATED TO OROFACIAL PAIN ARE REVIEWED: occlusal disharmonies, coincidence of retruded-intercuspal contact positions, non-working side interferences, maximum intercuspation of teeth, occlusal adjustment, and occlusal appliances.The studies reviewed fail to support the clinical objective of obtaining equal contact at retruded and intercuspal positions and that the lateral pterygoid muscles stabilize the temporomandibular joint. The relationship between non-working side interferences and pain dysfunction is also not readily supported by controlled studies. Occlusal adjustment appears to be unsatisfactory as a modality for management of pain: not all patients improved following treatment, some relapse occurs even with the most stable contacts, and other treatments such as intra-articular injections of corticosteroids reduced symptoms more readily. Occlusal splints seem to reduce most clinical signs and symptoms on both a short-term and long-term basis. Placement of mandibular orthopedic repositioning appliances results in reduction of pain in some patients, but usually this treatment is followed by extensive rehabilitation.Six major areas are suggested for clinical studies that attempt to relate occlusion to management of orofacial pain. These include: establishment of an ideal jaw position, sequencing of symptoms in the pain history, relationship of pain to other symptoms, development of physiological methods to assess how occlusal modification affects pain perception and pain tolerance, and determination of which treatment modalities produce the most effective relief of pain.
Topics: Chronic Disease; Dental Occlusion; Dental Occlusion, Balanced; Dental Occlusion, Centric; Face; Facial Muscles; Humans; Malocclusion; Mouth Protectors; Pain; Pain Management; Splints; Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome
PubMed: 6375467
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Applied Oral Science :... 2021We analyzed the effects of the Er:YAG laser used with different parameters on dentinal tubule (DT) occlusion, intrapulpal temperature and pulp tissue morphology in order...
OBJECTIVES
We analyzed the effects of the Er:YAG laser used with different parameters on dentinal tubule (DT) occlusion, intrapulpal temperature and pulp tissue morphology in order to determine the optimal parameters for treating dentin hypersensitivity.
METHODOLOGY
Dentin specimens prepared from 36 extracted human third molars were randomized into six groups according to the treatment method (n=6 each): control (A); Gluma desensitizer (B); and Er:YAG laser treatment at 0.5 W , 167 J/cm2 (50 mJ, 10 Hz) (C), 1 W , 334 J/cm2 (50 mJ, 20 Hz) (D), 2 W , 668 J/cm2 (100 mJ, 20 Hz) (E), and 4 W and 1336 J/cm2 (200 mJ, 20 Hz) (F). Treatment-induced morphological changes of the dentin surfaces were assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to find parameters showing optimal dentin tubule occluding efficacy. To further verify the safety of these parameters (0.5 W, 167 J/cm2), intrapulpal temperature changes were recorded during laser irradiation, and morphological alterations of the dental pulp tissue were observed with an upright microscope.
RESULTS
Er:YAG laser irradiation at 0.5 W (167 J/cm2) were found to be superior in DT occlusion, with an exposure rate significantly lower than those in the other groups (P<0.05). Intrapulpal temperature changes induced by Er:YAG laser irradiation at 0.5 W (167 J/cm2) with (G) and without (H) water and air cooling were demonstrated to be below the threshold. Also, no significant morphological alterations of the pulp and odontoblasts were observed after irradiation.
CONCLUSION
Therefore, 0.5 W (167 J/cm2) is a suitable parameter for Er:YAG laser to occlude DTs, and it is safe to the pulp tissue.
Topics: Dental Occlusion; Dentin; Humans; Lasers, Solid-State; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
PubMed: 33825761
DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2020-0266 -
IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health... Jan 2017Partially edentulous dentition presents a challenging problem for the surgical planning of digital dental occlusion in the field of craniomaxillofacial surgery because...
Partially edentulous dentition presents a challenging problem for the surgical planning of digital dental occlusion in the field of craniomaxillofacial surgery because of the incorrect maxillomandibular distance caused by missing teeth. We propose an innovative approach called Dental Reconstruction with Symmetrical Teeth (DRST) to achieve accurate dental occlusion for the partially edentulous cases. In this DRST approach, the rigid transformation between two symmetrical teeth existing on the left and right dental model is estimated through probabilistic point registration by matching the two shapes. With the estimated transformation, the partially edentulous space can be virtually filled with the teeth in its symmetrical position. Dental alignment is performed by digital dental occlusion reestablishment algorithm with the reconstructed complete dental model. Satisfactory reconstruction and occlusion results are demonstrated with the synthetic and real partially edentulous models.
Topics: Dental Occlusion; Dentition; Humans; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Jaw, Edentulous, Partially; Models, Dental; Orthognathic Surgical Procedures
PubMed: 26584502
DOI: 10.1109/JBHI.2015.2500191 -
Frontiers in Neural Circuits 2021Neurons in the trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus (Vme) have axons that branch peripherally to innervate the orofacial region and project centrally to several motor nuclei...
Neurons in the trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus (Vme) have axons that branch peripherally to innervate the orofacial region and project centrally to several motor nuclei in brainstem. The dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve (DMV) resides in the brainstem and takes a role in visceral motor function such as pancreatic exocrine secretion. The present study aimed to demonstrate the presence of Vme-DMV circuit, activation of which would elicit a trigeminal neuroendocrine response. A masticatory dysfunctional animal model termed unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC) model created by disturbing the dental occlusion was used. Cholera toxin B subunit (CTb) was injected into the inferior alveolar nerve of rats to help identify the central axon terminals of Vme neurons around the choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) positive motor neurons in the DMV. The level of vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1) expressed in DMV, the level of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) expressed in pancreas, the level of glucagon and insulin expression in islets and serum, and the blood glucose level were detected and compared between UAC and the age matched sham-operation control mice. Data indicated that compared with the controls, there were more CTb/VGLUT1 double labeled axon endings around the ChAT positive neurons in the DMV of UAC groups. Mice in UAC group expressed a higher VGLUT1 protein level in DMV, AChE protein level in pancreas, glucagon and insulin level in islet and serum, and higher postprandial blood glucose level, but lower fasting blood glucose level. All these were reversed at 15-weeks when UAC cessation was performed from 11-weeks (all, < 0.05). Our findings demonstrated Vme-DMV circuit which the aberrant occlusion elicited a trigeminal neuroendocrine response such as alteration in the postprandial blood glucose level. Dental occlusion is proposed as a potential therapeutic target for reversing the increased postprandial glucose level.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Dental Occlusion; Mice; Motor Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Vagus Nerve
PubMed: 33776655
DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2021.638000 -
Medical Engineering & Physics Feb 2021The aim of this study was to investigate gender-specific influences of different symmetric and asymmetric occlusion conditions on postural control during standing and...
The aim of this study was to investigate gender-specific influences of different symmetric and asymmetric occlusion conditions on postural control during standing and walking. The study involved 59 healthy adult volunteers (41 f/19 m) aged between 22 and 53 years (30.2 ± 6.3 years). Postural control measurements were carried out using a pressure plate by measuring plantar pressure distribution during standing and walking test conditions. Seven different occlusion conditions were tested. Prior to a MANOVA model analysis, the relationship between the two test conditions were checked using a factor analysis with a varying number of factors (between 2 and 10). The plantar pressure distributions during walking and standing are independent test conditions. The coefficient of variance across all variables between the conditions and genders was not significant: t(46) = 1.51 (p = 0.13). No statement can be made whether, or not, the influence of gender is greater than the influence of the conditions. Healthy male and female test subjects did not show any difference between seven occlusion conditions on the plantar pressure distribution while standing or walking. No differences between the genders were found for any of the investigated variables. In contrast to custom-made occlusion splints, simple cotton rolls appear not to influence the neuromuscular system in a systematic manner.
Topics: Adult; Dental Occlusion; Female; Foot; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Postural Balance; Pressure; Walking; Young Adult
PubMed: 33485513
DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2020.12.011 -
JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan... Mar 2021To evaluate the parallelism of natural maxillary occlusal plane with inter-pupillary line and ala-tragus line, and to evaluate the anatomic relationship of natural...
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the parallelism of natural maxillary occlusal plane with inter-pupillary line and ala-tragus line, and to evaluate the anatomic relationship of natural mandibular occlusal plane with retromolar pad among dentate subjects.
METHODS
The cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2017 to February 2018 at Fatima Jinnah Dental College, Karachi, and comprised front and profile photographs of subjects aged 20-28 years while holding the camper's plane against the maxillary occlusal plane. The photographs were imported in a software and an interpupillary line was drawn and the angle with Camper's plane was measured. On both profile pictures, lines were drawn from base of the ala to the superior, middle and inferior points on the tragus. The angle between ala-tragus line and Camper's plane were measured. Intra-orally, height of the mandibular occlusal plane in relation to the retromolar pad was evaluated using a stainless steel scale. Data was analysed using SPSS 23.
RESULTS
Of the 109 subjects with a mean age of 23.03±1.36 years, 76(69.72%) were females. Horizontal parallelism of occlusal plane with inter-pupillary line was observed with a mean angle of 1.17±1.27 degrees. The angle between the occlusal plane and the inferior ala-tragus line was 4.25 degrees on the right side, and 4.50 degrees on the left. Intraorally, mandibular occlusal plane coincided with the inferior 48(44%) and the middle third 48(44%) of the retromolar pad.
CONCLUSIONS
Inter-pupillary line and retromolar pad area should be used as a guide in the determination of plane of occlusion. The ala-tragus line was not found to be a reliable guide.
Topics: Adult; Cephalometry; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dental Occlusion; Female; Humans; Male; Mandible; Mouth; Young Adult
PubMed: 34057937
DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.1033 -
Anatomical Record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) Jan 2010Tooth eruption and the development of occlusion are significant ontogenetic changes in the masticatory apparatus of mammals. Here, we test the hypothesis that changes in...
Tooth eruption and the development of occlusion are significant ontogenetic changes in the masticatory apparatus of mammals. Here, we test the hypothesis that changes in masseter activity are correlated with increased occlusal contacts at major stages of dental development in the alpaca, Lama pacos. We compare electromyographic data from the superficial and deep masseter in infant and juvenile alpacas prior to and following m1 occlusion and from adults with full permanent dentitions. The pre-m1 and post-m1 occlusion groups exhibit similar masseter activity durations, chewing cycle durations, and with the exception of the balancing-side deep masseter, similar timing differences between the jaw muscles. On average, the balancing-side deep masseter fires significantly later in the post-m1 occlusion group. The m2-m3 group exhibits significantly longer chewing cycle length and an even later firing balancing-side deep masseter. Increased occlusion is also associated with an increase in the relative amount of working-side superficial and deep masseter muscle activity when compared with the balancing side muscles. Although the development of occlusal relations in infant and juvenile alpacas are associated with minor changes in masseter activation patterns, additional molar occlusal contacts increase chewing cycle duration resulting in concomitant changes in masseter recruitment patterns. Currently, we cannot rule out that musculoskeletal development influences masseter activity as demonstrated in other mammals. However, the data presented here indicate that alpacas have a relatively delayed onset of the adult motor pattern that may be correlated with changes in occlusal relations due to tooth eruption.
Topics: Animals; Biomechanical Phenomena; Bite Force; Camelids, New World; Dental Occlusion; Electromyography; Female; Male; Masseter Muscle; Mastication; Muscle Contraction; Tooth Eruption
PubMed: 19899120
DOI: 10.1002/ar.21016