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Journal of Anatomy Oct 2006Teeth develop from a series of reciprocal interactions that take place between epithelium and mesenchyme during development of the mouth that begin early in mammalian... (Review)
Review
Teeth develop from a series of reciprocal interactions that take place between epithelium and mesenchyme during development of the mouth that begin early in mammalian embryogenesis. The molecular control of key processes in tooth development such as initiation, morphogenesis and cytodifferentiation are being increasingly better understood, to the point where this information can be used as the basis for approaches to produce biological replacement teeth (BioTeeth). This review outlines the current approaches, ideas and progress towards the production of BioTeeth that could form an alternative method for replacing lost or damaged teeth.
Topics: Biocompatible Materials; Humans; Mesoderm; Odontogenesis; Tissue Engineering; Tooth; Transplantation, Autologous
PubMed: 17005022
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2006.00622.x -
Journal of Oral Biosciences Sep 2022Tooth identification is important not only for anatomists and anthropologists but also for dental practitioners and dental students studying dental anatomy courses. This... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Tooth identification is important not only for anatomists and anthropologists but also for dental practitioners and dental students studying dental anatomy courses. This review paper provides an overview of the significance of tooth identification focusing on the morphological and developmental background.
HIGHLIGHT
The process of tooth identification comprises five steps of distinction: (1) between deciduous and permanent teeth; (2) between tooth classes; (3) between maxillary and mandibular teeth; (4) within the same tooth class; and (5) between the left and right sides of a tooth. According to Mühlreiter's features, the mesial half is more developed than the distal half, and the curvature feature is associated with the configuration of the dental arch. Each step of tooth identification refers to effective traits and characteristics. The possibility that systemic conditions affect dental morphology should be considered. Tooth identification is occasionally difficult owing to individual variations (size and shape, supernumerary tubercles, root fusion) and sex-based differences. A tooth type error within the same class is the most frequent error in tooth identification, followed by a left or right side error.
CONCLUSION
To understand tooth identification, it is necessary to have comprehensive knowledge of dental morphology. A broad education with regard to tooth evolution and comparative odontology, as well as a thorough understanding of the morphology and function of teeth, which play a crucial role in sustaining life as organs of mastication, is essential.
Topics: Dentition; Humans; Odontogenesis; Tooth
PubMed: 35598838
DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2022.05.004 -
Birth Defects Research. Part C, Embryo... Sep 2009Teeth arise from sequential and reciprocal interactions between the oral epithelium and the underlying cranial neural crest-derived mesenchyme. Their formation involves... (Review)
Review
Teeth arise from sequential and reciprocal interactions between the oral epithelium and the underlying cranial neural crest-derived mesenchyme. Their formation involves a precisely orchestrated series of molecular and morphogenetic events, and gives us the opportunity to discover and understand the nature of the signals that direct cell fates and patterning. For that reason, it is important to elucidate how signaling factors work together in a defined number of cells to generate the diverse and precise patterned structures of the mature functional teeth. Over the last decade, substantial research efforts have been directed toward elucidating the molecular mechanisms that control cell fate decisions during tooth development. These efforts have contributed toward the increased knowledge on dental stem cells, and observation of the molecular similarities that exist between tooth development and regeneration.
Topics: Ameloblasts; Animals; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; Cell Differentiation; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Humans; Mice; Odontoblasts; Odontogenesis; Rats; Regeneration; Signal Transduction; Stem Cells; Tooth
PubMed: 19750524
DOI: 10.1002/bdrc.20160 -
The International Journal of... Feb 1995This review highlights a number of advances towards understanding the sequential developmental cascade of events beginning in the oral ectodermally-derived odontogenic... (Review)
Review
This review highlights a number of advances towards understanding the sequential developmental cascade of events beginning in the oral ectodermally-derived odontogenic placode and culminating in the formation of the mineralized enamel extracellular matrix. Recent discoveries of growth factors, growth factor receptors and transcription factors associated with instructive epithelial-mesenchymal interactions and subsequent controls for ameloblast cell differentiation are reviewed. The relationship between ameloblast cytology, terminal differentiation and biochemical phenotype are discussed. The tissue-specific gene products characteristic of the ameloblast phenotype as well as their possible functions in formation of the enamel matrix are analyzed as well as the role of maturation-stage ameloblast cells in controlling enamel biomineralization. Finally, pathological conditions in which alterations in the ameloblast or specific gene products result in an abnormal enamel phenotype are reviewed. Clearly, the scientific progress achieved in the last few years concerning the molecular determinants involved in tooth development has been remarkable. However, there remains considerable lack of knowledge regarding the precise mechanisms that control ameloblast differentiation and enamel biomineralization. Anticipated progress continues to require increased international cooperation and collaborations as well as increased utilization of structural biology investigations of enamel extracellular matrix proteins.
Topics: Ameloblasts; Amelogenin; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Cell Differentiation; Dental Enamel Proteins; Gene Expression Regulation; Growth Substances; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Odontogenesis; Transcription Factors
PubMed: 7626423
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Anatomy 2001Teeth as a feeding mechanism in an oral cavity (mouth) are functionally and locationally linked with jaws. In fossils, teeth found in the oral cavity are usually linked... (Review)
Review
Teeth as a feeding mechanism in an oral cavity (mouth) are functionally and locationally linked with jaws. In fossils, teeth found in the oral cavity are usually linked with jaws, although mineralised structures with the same histology as teeth are known in fossils before jaws appeared. Denticles in the skin occur in both fossil and extant fish. Pharyngeal denticles also occur in both extant and fossil gnathostomes but in only a few fossil agnathans (thelodonts). Complex structures with dentine and enamel have been described in the earliest jawless vertebrates, conodonts. Such fossils have been used to suggest that teeth and jaws have evolved and developed independently. Our understanding of the developmental biology of mammalian tooth development has increased greatly in the last few years to a point where we now understand some of the basic genetic interactions controlling tooth initiation, morphogenesis and patterning. The aim of this review is to see what this developmental information can reveal about evolution of the dentition.
Topics: Animals; Biological Evolution; Gene Expression; Jaw; Mammals; Mesoderm; Neural Crest; Odontogenesis; Osteogenesis; Paleodontology; Tooth
PubMed: 11523817
DOI: 10.1046/j.1469-7580.2001.19910153.x -
International Journal of Biological... 2009The ancestor of recent vertebrate teeth was a tooth-like structure on the outer body surface of jawless fishes. Over the course of 500,000,000 years of evolution, many... (Review)
Review
The ancestor of recent vertebrate teeth was a tooth-like structure on the outer body surface of jawless fishes. Over the course of 500,000,000 years of evolution, many of those structures migrated into the mouth cavity. In addition, the total number of teeth per dentition generally decreased and teeth morphological complexity increased. Teeth form mainly on the jaws within the mouth cavity through mutual, delicate interactions between dental epithelium and oral ectomesenchyme. These interactions involve spatially restricted expression of several, teeth-related genes and the secretion of various transcription and signaling factors. Congenital disturbances in tooth formation, acquired dental diseases and odontogenic tumors affect millions of people and rank human oral pathology as the second most frequent clinical problem. On the basis of substantial experimental evidence and advances in bioengineering, many scientists strongly believe that a deep knowledge of the evolutionary relationships and the cellular and molecular mechanisms regulating the morphogenesis of a given tooth in its natural position, in vivo, will be useful in the near future to prevent and treat teeth pathologies and malformations and for in vitro and in vivo teeth tissue regeneration.
Topics: Animals; Biological Evolution; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; Cell Proliferation; Epithelium; Fibroblast Growth Factor 8; Humans; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Mouth; Mutation; Odontogenesis; Phenotype; Regeneration; Tooth; Tooth Diseases
PubMed: 19266065
DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.5.226 -
Dental and Medical Problems 2022Given the susceptibility of developing tissues to drugs, even small doses of anticancer drugs may affect odontogenesis. Although any toxic effect is transient, the...
BACKGROUND
Given the susceptibility of developing tissues to drugs, even small doses of anticancer drugs may affect odontogenesis. Although any toxic effect is transient, the treatment regimens are based on repeated drug administration.
OBJECTIVES
The study aimed to establish the impact of antineoplastic therapy on the occurrence of longterm adverse dental effects in a dose-dependent manner in young survivors treated for cancer before 10 years of age.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
In total, 37 cancer survivors treated with antineoplastic therapy before 10 years of age underwent a dental examination with a thorough analysis of panoramic radiographs. A total of 236 teeth with 243 different developmental abnormalities were revealed in 28 survivors. Agenesis, tooth size reduction, taurodontia, and enamel and root abnormalities were diagnosed. All survivors received multi-agent chemotherapy, with the most frequently used drugs being vincristine (VCR), doxorubicin (DXR), cyclophosphamide (CP), ifosfamide (IF), etoposide (VP-16), carboplatin (CBDCA), cisplatin (CDDP), and actinomycin-D (ActD). A detailed analysis of medical records was also performed to assess the relationship between the treatment duration as well as the cumulative drug dose administered and the occurrence of particular disturbances.
RESULTS
When analyzing the treatment duration and the drug doses in the affected and non-affected participants, there were no statistically significant differences between the survivors with different disturbances within most of the specific drug groups. In some groups, the mean cumulative treatment dose was significantly higher in the non-affected patients. According to Spearman's rho, no significant relationships were observed.
CONCLUSIONS
In the present study, no significant differences in terms of treatment duration or drug doses were observed between the patients with particular abnormalities. The developmental stage of tooth formation during chemotherapy is likely the most important factor influencing dental changes. For future research with respect to different treatment protocols, an analysis of a more homogenous group of survivors is warranted.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Humans; Neoplasms; Odontogenesis; Tooth; Tooth Abnormalities
PubMed: 35359034
DOI: 10.17219/dmp/138914 -
Journal of Dental Research May 2009While widespread advances in tissue engineering have occurred over the past decade, many challenges remain in the context of tissue engineering and regeneration of the... (Review)
Review
While widespread advances in tissue engineering have occurred over the past decade, many challenges remain in the context of tissue engineering and regeneration of the tooth. For example, although tooth development is the result of repeated temporal and spatial interactions between cells of ectoderm and mesoderm origin, most current tooth engineering systems cannot recreate such developmental processes. In this regard, microscale approaches that spatially pattern and support the development of different cell types in close proximity can be used to regulate the cellular microenvironment and, as such, are promising approaches for tooth development. Microscale technologies also present alternatives to conventional tissue engineering approaches in terms of scaffolds and the ability to direct stem cells. Furthermore, microscale techniques can be used to miniaturize many in vitro techniques and to facilitate high-throughput experimentation. In this review, we discuss the emerging microscale technologies for the in vitro evaluation of dental cells, dental tissue engineering, and tooth regeneration.
Topics: Adult Stem Cells; Dentistry; Embryonic Stem Cells; Humans; Microtechnology; Odontogenesis; Regeneration; Regenerative Medicine; Stem Cells; Technology, Dental; Tissue Engineering; Tissue Scaffolds
PubMed: 19493883
DOI: 10.1177/0022034509334774 -
The International Journal of... Feb 1995This review documents recent insights into the roles of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I during tooth formation. Hereditarily growth hormone-deficient... (Review)
Review
This review documents recent insights into the roles of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I during tooth formation. Hereditarily growth hormone-deficient Lewis dwarf rats and hypophysectomized rats have been used to document the influence of growth hormone on growth of the rat incisor and molar teeth in vivo. Cell population studies using bromodeoxyuridine labeling have shown that growth hormone administration to dwarf rats affects odontogenic cell proliferation in the incisor teeth. Immunohistochemistry, employing well-characterized monoclonal antibodies directed against the hormone, its binding protein/receptor, the growth factor and its receptor, has enabled the location of these proteins to be mapped in the ontogenic sequences of ameloblasts, odontoblasts and cementoblasts. This mapping is consistent with the concept that differentiating odontogenic cells are targets for the hormone and that insulin-like growth factor I is implicated as a secondary messenger in the same differentiating cell populations. The content of predentine and precementum matrices proteoglycans appears to be growth hormone-dependent. The proteoglycans implicated so far are rich in chondroitin sulphate and thus they may also be insulin-like growth factor I (sulphation factor)-dependent. Thus matrix synthesis may be what is principally affected by growth hormone in odontogenesis although no evidence of an effect on enamel matrix synthesis or proteoglycan content has yet been documented.
Topics: Amelogenesis; Animals; Cementogenesis; Dentinogenesis; Growth Hormone; Humans; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Odontogenesis; Receptor, IGF Type 1; Receptors, Somatotropin
PubMed: 7626416
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Medical... 2014The aim of the present work is to analyze all scientific evidence to verify whether similarities supporting a unified explanation for odontomas and supernumerary teeth... (Review)
Review
The aim of the present work is to analyze all scientific evidence to verify whether similarities supporting a unified explanation for odontomas and supernumerary teeth exist. A literature search was first conducted for epidemiologic studies indexed by PubMed, to verify their worldwide incidence. The analysis of the literature data shows some interesting similarities between odontomas and supernumerary teeth concerning their topographic distribution and pathologic manifestations. There is also some indication of common genetic and immuno-histochemical factors. Although from a nosological point of view, odontomas and supernumeraries are classified as distinct entities, they seem to be the expression of the same pathologic process, either malformative or hamartomatous.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Models, Dental; Odontogenesis; Odontoma; Signal Transduction; Syndrome; Tooth, Supernumerary
PubMed: 25419174
DOI: 10.7150/ijms.10501