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The Canadian Veterinary Journal = La... Jun 2015
Topics: Animals; Bacteria; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Genitalia; Health; Intestines; Microbiota; Mouth; Palatine Tonsil; Skin
PubMed: 26028671
DOI: No ID Found -
Head and Neck Pathology Dec 2020Amyloidosis is a localized or systemic process where extracellular insoluble plasma protein fibers are deposited into tissues. Localized amyloidosis is rare and curable... (Review)
Review
Amyloidosis is a localized or systemic process where extracellular insoluble plasma protein fibers are deposited into tissues. Localized amyloidosis is rare and curable by surgical resection. While the head and neck region represents 19% of localized amyloidosis cases, only one other case of bilateral involvement of the pharyngeal tonsils has been published in the international literature. We report a case of asymptomatic amyloidosis isolated to the bilateral palatine tonsils and a cervical lymph node in a 59-year-old male. Systemic amyloidosis was ruled out through multidisciplinary consultation, and resection of the masses was performed. This represents the second reported case of bilateral tonsillar amyloidosis.
Topics: Amyloidosis; Humans; Lymph Node Excision; Lymph Nodes; Male; Middle Aged; Palatine Tonsil; Tonsillectomy
PubMed: 32451875
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-020-01177-5 -
Journal of the National Medical... Apr 1991This article presents seven cases of patients with tonsillar abscess formation and discusses the pathophysiology of intratonsillar abscess formation.
This article presents seven cases of patients with tonsillar abscess formation and discusses the pathophysiology of intratonsillar abscess formation.
Topics: Abscess; Adolescent; Adult; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Palatine Tonsil; Peritonsillar Abscess; Pharyngeal Diseases; Retrospective Studies; Tonsillectomy; Tonsillitis
PubMed: 1920506
DOI: No ID Found -
BMJ Case Reports May 2011A 10-year-old female presented with complaints of submandibular swelling, sore throat, painful deglutition, difficulty in speech and fever. The patient gave history of...
A 10-year-old female presented with complaints of submandibular swelling, sore throat, painful deglutition, difficulty in speech and fever. The patient gave history of recurrent tonsillitis associated with snoring and breathing difficulty during sleep. Oral examination revealed inflamed, hypertrophied tonsils and dental caries. Throat swab culture was positive for β-haemolytic streptococci. The patient underwent elective tonsillectomy and histopathological examination revealed characteristic colonies of actinomycetes. The patient was put on intravenous penicillin and after 6 months of follow-up is disease free. The report recommends that histopathological examination must be performed in cases of recurrent tonsillitis with tonsillar hypertrophy. Microscopic examination may reveal actinomycetes which may not be evident on culture; treatment requires a longer course of high-dose penicillins. This further supports the view that actinomycetes have a causal association with recurrent tonsillitis and tonsillar hypertrophy.
Topics: Actinomycosis; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Palatine Tonsil; Penicillins; Tonsillitis
PubMed: 22696708
DOI: 10.1136/bcr.01.2011.3750 -
The Journal of International Medical... 2008We describe the case of a 37-year old male who presented with a schwannoma in his right palatine tonsil. The tumour and tonsil were surgically removed transorally....
We describe the case of a 37-year old male who presented with a schwannoma in his right palatine tonsil. The tumour and tonsil were surgically removed transorally. Tonsillar schwannomas are slow growing, and the main symptoms were a foreign body feeling in the throat, dysphagia and snoring. The presence of a round, well-defined mass lesion with heterogeneous density on computed tomography (CT) may aid in differentiation from other tonsillar tumours. The CT findings in the reported case were different to those of schwannomas in other locations; the particular CT manifestations of tonsillar schwannomas seem to relate to the various pathological changes seen within the tumour.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neurilemmoma; Palatine Tonsil; Radiography; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive
PubMed: 18831913
DOI: 10.1177/147323000803600536 -
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 2023
Topics: Humans; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral; Palatine Tonsil; Endoscopy, Digestive System
PubMed: 38044117
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.1338-22 -
Molecular Immunology Apr 2018Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) are divided into the following different subtypes: cDC1, which promotes a Th1 response, and cDC2, which stimulates a Th2 and Th17...
Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) are divided into the following different subtypes: cDC1, which promotes a Th1 response, and cDC2, which stimulates a Th2 and Th17 response. These cells have not been characterized in porcine lymphoid tissues. DEC205 is a receptor that increases antigen presentation and allows DCs to cross-present antigens. The objectives of this work were to characterize cDCs subsets in the tonsil, submaxillary and mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen lymphoid tissues and to determine their expression of DEC205 by flow cytometry. The cDC1 (MHCIICADM1CD172a) and cDC2 (MHCIICADM1CD172a) phenotypes were confirmed by the expression of characteristic cDC1 and cDC2 transcripts (FLT3, XCR1 and FCER1α). Among all lymphoid tissues, the spleen had the highest frequency of total cDCs. The cDC1:cDC2 ratio showed that all lymph tissues had higher levels of cDC1 than levels of cDC2. DEC205 cDCs were found in all analyzed tissues, albeit with different frequencies. Our research will facilitate the study on the function of these cells and the investigation of the strategies for DEC205 targeting and functional studies.
Topics: Animals; Dendritic Cells; Lymph Nodes; Palatine Tonsil; Spleen; Swine
PubMed: 29433077
DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.02.003 -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Mar 2021
Topics: Adolescent; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Lymphangioma; Medical Illustration; Palatine Tonsil; Polyps; Tonsillar Neoplasms
PubMed: 31304780
DOI: 10.1177/0145561319863367 -
Cells Jul 2022Human tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells (TMSCs) have a superior proliferation rate and differentiation potential compared to adipose-tissue-derived MSCs (AMSCs) or...
Human tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells (TMSCs) have a superior proliferation rate and differentiation potential compared to adipose-tissue-derived MSCs (AMSCs) or bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs). TMSCs exhibit a significantly higher expression of the tensin3 gene () than AMSCs or BMSCs. TNS is involved in cell adhesion and migration by binding to integrin beta-1 (ITG β1) in focal adhesion. Here, we investigated the roles of four TNS isoforms, including TNS3 and their relationship with integrin in various biological processes of TMSCs. Suppressing TNS1 and TNS3 significantly decreased the cell count. The knockdown of TNS1 and TNS3 increased the gene and protein expression levels of p16, p19, and p21. TNS1 and TNS3 also have a significant effect on cell migration. Transfecting with siRNA TNS3 significantly reduced Oct4, Nanog, and Sox-2 levels. Conversely, when TNS4 was silenced, Oct4 and Sox-2 levels significantly increase. TNS1 and TNS3 promote osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation, whereas TNS4 inhibits adipogenic differentiation of TMSCs. TNS3 is involved in the control of focal adhesions by regulating integrin. Thus, TNS enables TMSCs to possess a higher proliferative capacity and differentiation potential than other MSCs. Notably, TNS3 plays a vital role in TMSC biology by regulating ITGβ1 activity.
Topics: Biological Phenomena; Humans; Integrins; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Palatine Tonsil; Tensins
PubMed: 35954177
DOI: 10.3390/cells11152333 -
Journal of Virology Sep 2019Epidemiological data confirm a much higher incidence of high-risk human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16)-mediated carcinogenesis of the cervical epithelium than for other...
Epidemiological data confirm a much higher incidence of high-risk human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16)-mediated carcinogenesis of the cervical epithelium than for other target sites. In order to elucidate tissue-specific responses to virus infection, we compared gene expression changes induced by productive HPV16 infection of cervical, foreskin, and tonsil organotypic rafts. These rafts closely mimic persistent HPV16 infection, long before carcinogenesis sets in. The total number of gene expression changes varied considerably across the tissue types, with only 32 genes being regulated in common. Among them, we confirmed the Kelch-like family protein KLHL35 and the laminin-5 complex to be upregulated and downregulated, respectively, in all the three tissues. HPV16 infection induces upregulation of genes involved in cell cycle control, cell division, mitosis, DNA replication, and DNA damage repair in all the three tissues, indicative of a hyperproliferative environment. In the cervical and tonsil epithelium, we observe significant downregulation of genes involved in epidermis development, keratinocyte differentiation, and extracellular matrix organization. On the other hand, in HPV16-positive foreskin (HPV16 foreskin) tissue, several genes involved in interferon-mediated innate immunity, cytokine signaling, and cellular defenses were downregulated. Furthermore, pathway analysis and experimental validations identified important cellular pathways like STAT1 and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) to be differentially regulated among the three tissue types. The differential modulation of important cellular pathways like TGF-β1 and STAT1 can explain the sensitivity of tissues to HPV cancer progression. Although the high-risk human papillomavirus 16 infects anogenital and oropharyngeal sites, the cervical epithelium has a unique vulnerability to progression of cancer. Host responses during persistent infection and preneoplastic stages can shape the outcome of cancer progression in a tissue-dependent manner. Our study for the first time reports differential regulation of critical cellular functions and signaling pathways during productive HPV16 infection of cervical, foreskin, and tonsil tissues. While the virus induces hyperproliferation in infected cells, it downregulates epithelial differentiation, epidermal development, and innate immune responses, according to the tissue type. Modulation of these biological functions can determine virus fitness and pathogenesis and illuminate key cellular mechanisms that the virus employs to establish persistence and finally initiate disease progression.
Topics: Cell Differentiation; Cell Line, Tumor; Cervix Uteri; Female; Foreskin; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Gene Regulatory Networks; Human papillomavirus 16; Humans; Keratinocytes; Male; Microarray Analysis; Organ Specificity; Palatine Tonsil; Papillomavirus Infections; Signal Transduction; Virus Replication
PubMed: 31189705
DOI: 10.1128/JVI.00915-19