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Cureus Nov 2021Among patients infected with respiratory viruses, primary coinfection or secondary bacterial pneumonia is common in the severely ill. are multi-drug resistant...
Among patients infected with respiratory viruses, primary coinfection or secondary bacterial pneumonia is common in the severely ill. are multi-drug resistant gram-negative bacilli that have been newly classified in the past 20 years. We present the first reported case of co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 infection. A critically ill gentleman with COVID-19 in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) requiring mechanical ventilation developed ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia (VAP). Initial sputum cultures grew species, with subsequent cultures growing , as well. The patient failed to improve despite several antibiotic regimens including meropenem. Send-out reference laboratory testing of the species showed susceptibility to amikacin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, imipenem, and minocycline, but resistance to aztreonam, cefepime, ceftazidime, and meropenem. The patient had deteriorated to multi-organ failure by the time minocycline was initiated, and his family had transitioned him into hospice care. Carbapenems are vital agents in the treatment of VAP. species are often resistant to meropenem but often retain in-vitro sensitivity to imipenem-cilastin. Although mainly isolated from respiratory specimens of patients with cystic fibrosis, cases of infection in non-cystic fibrosis patients have been increasingly recognized. The presentation of this case aims to increase awareness of the high drug resistance of this rising species and reduce delays in treatment, especially in COVID-19 coinfection.
PubMed: 34912637
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.19498 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Dec 2001The recently described genus Pandoraea contains five named species (Pandoraea apista, Pandoraea pulmonicola, Pandoraea pnomenusa, Pandoraea sputorum, and Pandoraea...
The recently described genus Pandoraea contains five named species (Pandoraea apista, Pandoraea pulmonicola, Pandoraea pnomenusa, Pandoraea sputorum, and Pandoraea norimbergensis) and four unnamed genomospecies. Pandoraea spp. have mainly been recovered from the respiratory tracts of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Accurate genus- and species-level identification by routine clinical microbiology methods is difficult, and differentiation from Burkholderia cepacia complex organisms may be especially problematic. This can have important consequences for the management of CF patients. On the basis of 16S ribosomal DNA sequences, PCR assays for the identification of Pandoraea spp. were developed. A first PCR assay was developed for the identification of Pandoraea isolates to the genus level. PCR assays for the identification of P. apista and P. pulmonicola as a group, P. pnomenusa, P. sputorum, and P. norimbergensis were also developed. All five assays were evaluated with a panel of 123 bacterial isolates that included 69 Pandoraea sp. strains, 24 B. cepacia complex strains, 6 Burkholderia gladioli strains, 9 Ralstonia sp. strains, 5 Alcaligenes xylosoxidans strains, 5 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strains, and 5 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. The use of these PCR assays facilitates the identification of Pandoraea spp. and avoids the misidentification of a Pandoraea sp. as a B. cepacia complex isolate.
Topics: Bacterial Typing Techniques; Betaproteobacteria; Cystic Fibrosis; DNA Primers; DNA, Ribosomal; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sensitivity and Specificity; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 11724860
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.12.4452-4455.2001 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2017Several environmental bacteria are considered as opportunistic pathogens in cystic fibrosis (CF) and are able to persistently colonize the CF respiratory tract (CFRT)....
Several environmental bacteria are considered as opportunistic pathogens in cystic fibrosis (CF) and are able to persistently colonize the CF respiratory tract (CFRT). Beside and complex, spp. are defined as pathogenic. During chronic colonization, adaptive evolution and diversified population have been demonstrated, notably for . However, the persistence of in the CFRT remains largely unexplored. We studied genomic and phenotypic traits of isolates successively recovered from the airways of a single CF patient and relate the results to qualitative and quantitative evolution of other cultivable pathogens and to patient clinical status. A total of 31 isolates recovered from 18 sputum samples over a 7-year period in a single CF patient were studied. Genome dynamics was assessed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, ERIC-PCR fingerprinting and 16S rRNA gene PCR-temporal temperature gel electrophoresis. Phenotypic features included antimicrobial susceptibility, motility, biofilm production, and virulence in model. Variability was observed for all the characteristics studied leading to highly diversified patterns (24 patterns) for the 31 clonally related isolates. Some of these modifications, mainly genomic events were concomitantly observed with CFRT microbiota composition shifts and with severe exacerbations. The diversity of population studied, observed for isolates recovered from successive samples but also within a sample suggested that existence of a diversified population may represent a patho-adaptive strategy for host persistence in the heterogeneous and fluctuating CFRT environment.
PubMed: 29056926
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01892 -
Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2003
Review
Topics: Betaproteobacteria; Burkholderia Infections; Burkholderia cepacia; Cross Infection; Cystic Fibrosis; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Methicillin Resistance; Pseudomonas Infections; Respiratory Tract Infections; Staphylococcal Infections
PubMed: 12906328
DOI: No ID Found -
Infection and Drug Resistance 2022() infection is of great concern as these gram-negative bacillus species are multidrug-resistant and usually isolated from the patients' respiratory tract suffering...
() infection is of great concern as these gram-negative bacillus species are multidrug-resistant and usually isolated from the patients' respiratory tract suffering from cystic fibrosis (CF). A few cases of infection have also been reported in non-CF patients due to its rare pathogenic nature with unclear and overlapping clinical, biochemical, and microbiological characteristics with other species. Here, we report an unusual case of a 46-year-old non-CF female, who presented with multiple pelvic fractures, acute traumatic brain injury, multiple rib fractures, and multiple burns (18% of the total body surface area, II°) by the collapse of a brick kiln, suffered from sepsis due to wound infection. Pandoraea species were isolated both from her blood and wound secretion. Antibiotic susceptibility testing indicated susceptibility to imipenem, tetracyclines, sulfamethoxazole, and ampicillin/sulbactam but resistance to meropenem, quinolones, aminoglycosides, and other beta-lactams. 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) PCR assays and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) were used to confirm the bacteria as . After effective anti-infection of intravenous antibiotics (imipenem 1.0 Q8H with tigecycline 50 mg Q12H for 14 days), wound care, and other comprehensive treatment for two months, the patient improved and was discharged from the hospital eventually. After reviewing the literature, we observed that the susceptibility results of Pandoraea species were often multidrug-resistant and had a unique pattern of being resistant to meropenem but sensitive to imipenem. Biofilm formation, carbapenemase production, and unique gene procession differed from the environmental isolates could help explain its resistance. This case report highlights the potential virulence of as a pathogen in patients with no underlying disease. Although they are often multi-resistant, imipenem can be a preferred treatment for Pandoraea species in the earliest identification steps.
PubMed: 36483145
DOI: 10.2147/IDR.S388520 -
MBio Aug 2021The closest relative of human pathogen , the trypanosomatid , harbors a bacterial endosymbiont " Pandoraea novymonadis." Based on genomic data, we performed a detailed...
The closest relative of human pathogen , the trypanosomatid , harbors a bacterial endosymbiont " Pandoraea novymonadis." Based on genomic data, we performed a detailed characterization of the metabolic interactions of both partners. While in many respects the metabolism of resembles that of other Leishmaniinae, the endosymbiont provides the trypanosomatid with heme, essential amino acids, purines, some coenzymes, and vitamins. In return, shares with the bacterium several nonessential amino acids and phospholipids. Moreover, it complements its carbohydrate metabolism and urea cycle with enzymes missing from the " Pandoraea novymonadis" genome. The removal of the endosymbiont from results in a significant reduction of the overall translation rate, reduced expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism and mitochondrial respiratory activity, and downregulation of several aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, enzymes involved in the synthesis of some amino acids, as well as proteins associated with autophagy. At the same time, the genes responsible for protection against reactive oxygen species and DNA repair become significantly upregulated in the aposymbiotic strain of this trypanosomatid. By knocking out a component of its flagellum, we turned into a new model trypanosomatid that is amenable to genetic manipulation using both conventional and CRISPR-Cas9-mediated approaches. is a parasitic flagellate of the family Trypanosomatidae representing the closest insect-restricted relative of the human pathogen . It bears symbiotic bacteria in its cytoplasm, the relationship with which has been established relatively recently and independently from other known endosymbioses in protists. Here, using the genome analysis and comparison of transcriptomic profiles of with and without the endosymbionts, we describe a uniquely complex cooperation between both partners on the biochemical level. We demonstrate that the removal of bacteria leads to a decelerated growth of , substantial suppression of many metabolic pathways, and increased oxidative stress. Our success with the genetic transformation of this flagellate makes it a new model trypanosomatid species that can be used for the dissection of mechanisms underlying the symbiotic relationships between protists and bacteria.
Topics: Bacteria; Genome, Bacterial; Genomics; Phylogeny; Symbiosis; Trypanosoma
PubMed: 34399629
DOI: 10.1128/mBio.01606-21 -
Microbiology Resource Announcements Apr 2024is a pathogenic bacterium naturally resistant to various antimicrobials, including colistin. Here, we report the whole-genome sequence of , which exhibits high-level...
is a pathogenic bacterium naturally resistant to various antimicrobials, including colistin. Here, we report the whole-genome sequence of , which exhibits high-level multidrug resistance, isolated from a hospitalized patient in Japan.
PubMed: 38470265
DOI: 10.1128/mra.01166-23 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Jan 2023A number of factors, including microbiome analyses and the increased utilization of whole-genome sequencing in the clinical microbiology laboratory, has contributed to... (Review)
Review
A number of factors, including microbiome analyses and the increased utilization of whole-genome sequencing in the clinical microbiology laboratory, has contributed to the explosion of novel prokaryotic species discovery, as well as bacterial taxonomy revision. This review attempts to summarize such changes relative to human clinical specimens that occurred in 2020 and 2021, per primary publication in the or acceptance on Validation Lists published by the . Of particular significance among valid and effectively published taxa within the past 2 years were novel spp., coagulase-positive staphylococci, spp., and members of family . Noteworthy taxonomic revisions include those within the and genera, family (including unifications of subspecies designations to species level taxa), spp., and former members of spp. and spp. Revisions within the Brucella genus have the potential to cause deleterious effects unless the relevance of such changes is properly communicated by microbiologists to stakeholders in clinical practice, infection prevention, and public health.
Topics: Humans; Staphylococcus; Bacillus
PubMed: 36533910
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00282-22 -
Microbiological Research Oct 2021Bioremediation for lindane and endosulfan removal is a cost-effective approach, but its effectiveness depends on the ability to isolate degrading functionalized...
Bioremediation for lindane and endosulfan removal is a cost-effective approach, but its effectiveness depends on the ability to isolate degrading functionalized microorganisms. Researchers have isolated many lindane and endosulfan degrading bacteria from enrichment cultures based on culture-dependent methods during the past decades. However, it is unknown whether the isolated bacteria can reflect the indigenous predominant degraders in enriching cultures. In this study, we compared the culture-dependent method with selective medium isolation with culture-independent method (PacBio SMRT sequencing of full-length 16S rRNA amplicon) to analyze the bacterial communities from four distinct lindane (LA1 and LC1) and endosulfan (EA1 and EC1) enrichment cultures. From all the isolates we harvested from lindane (63 isolates) and endosulfan (61 isolates) enrichment cultures, their BLAST alignment can only match 5.49 % and 4.32 % of the bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs), respectively. Rhodanbacter lindaniclasticus and Pandoraea thiooxydans were the rarely seen potential degrading representatives that were simultaneously enriched and isolated. This study is the first comparative analysis of microbial communities from lindane and endosulfan enrichment culture using culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. Our results suggested that developing a target-specific and efficient microbial isolation method is necessary to harvest and study representative degrading bacteria in the community.
Topics: Bacteria; Bacteriological Techniques; Endosulfan; Hexachlorocyclohexane; Microbiota; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 34303071
DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2021.126817 -
Journal of Applied Microbiology Jan 2009To examine the diversity of cultivable 0.2 micron filtrate biofilm forming bacteria from drinking water systems.
AIMS
To examine the diversity of cultivable 0.2 micron filtrate biofilm forming bacteria from drinking water systems.
METHODS AND RESULTS
Potable chlorinated drinking water hosts phylogenetically diverse ultramicrocells (UMC) (0.2 and 0.1 microm filterable). UMC (starved or dwarf bacteria) were isolated by cultivation on minimal medium from a flow system wall model with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes. All cultivated cells (25 different isolates) did not maintain their ultra-size after passages on rich media. Cultured UMC were identified by their 16S ribosomal DNA sequences. The results showed that they were closely related to uncultured and cultured members of the Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. The isolates of phylum Actinobacteria included representatives of a diverse set of Actinobacterial families: Micrococcaceae, Microbacteriaceae, Dermabacteraceae, Nocardiaceae and Nocardioidaceae.
CONCLUSIONS
This study is the first to show an abundance of cultivable UMC of various phyla in drinking water system, including a high frequency of bacteria known to be involved in opportunistic infections, such as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Microbacterium sp., Pandoraea sp. and Afipia strains.
SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY
Chlorinated tap water filtrate (0.2 and 0.1 microm) still harbours opportunistic micro-organisms that can pose some health threat.
Topics: Bacteria; DNA, Bacterial; Israel; Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Water Microbiology; Water Supply
PubMed: 19040704
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.03981.x