-
Current Biology : CB Jun 2022Before visiting your local supermarket, do you write your food shopping list in the order you expect to encounter the items as you walk around, aisle by aisle? This way,...
Before visiting your local supermarket, do you write your food shopping list in the order you expect to encounter the items as you walk around, aisle by aisle? This way, you minimise your travel distance, saving time and effort. Many other animals do the same. Baboons (Papio ursinus) plan their foraging journeys to out-of-sight resources, moving in an efficient, goal-directed way, and nectar-collecting bumble bees (Bombus impatiens) use efficient travel routes when foraging on familiar resources.
Topics: Animals; Bees; Feeding Behavior; Plant Nectar
PubMed: 35728553
DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.04.072 -
Zygote (Cambridge, England) Oct 2021Sperm morphometric and morphologic data have been shown to represent useful tools for monitoring fertility, improving assisted reproduction techniques and conservation...
Sperm morphometric and morphologic data have been shown to represent useful tools for monitoring fertility, improving assisted reproduction techniques and conservation of genetic material as well as detecting inbreeding of endangered primates. We provide here for the first time sperm morphologic and morphometric data from Cercopithecus neglectus, Cercopithecus cephus, Papio papio and critically endangered Cercopithecus roloway, as well as comparative data from other Cercopithecinae species, i.e. Allochrocebus lhoesti, Mandrillus sphinx and Papio anubis. Following collection from the epididymis, spermatozoa were measured for each species for the following parameters: head length, head width, head perimeter, head area, midpiece length and total flagellum length, and the head volume, ellipticity, elongation, roughness and regularity were then calculated. Our data are consistent with both the general morphology and the morphometric proportions of Cercopithecinae sperm. Some specificities were observed, with C. cephus displaying a narrow head (width = 2.76 ± 0.26 µM) and C. roloway displaying a short midpiece (6.65 ± 0.61 µM). This data set represents an important contribution, especially for Cercopithecus roloway, one of the most endangered monkeys in the world, and further data on additional specimens coupled to data on mating systems and reproductive ecology should allow a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying these morphological differences across primate species.
Topics: Animals; Cercopithecinae; Epididymis; Fertility; Male; Reproduction; Sperm Head; Spermatozoa
PubMed: 33731237
DOI: 10.1017/S0967199421000186 -
Aging Nov 2021
Topics: Animals; Cell Proliferation; Cells, Cultured; Cellular Senescence; Female; Fibroblasts; Homeostasis; Male; Models, Biological; Oxidative Stress; Papio; Stress, Physiological
PubMed: 34845113
DOI: 10.18632/aging.203728 -
Life (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2021Trichuriasis is among the most prevalent worldwide parasitism caused by helminths. For many years, spp. have been described with a relatively narrow range of both...
Trichuriasis is among the most prevalent worldwide parasitism caused by helminths. For many years, spp. have been described with a relatively narrow range of both morphological and biometrical features. The use of the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) is an alternative and powerful molecular method for inferring phylogenies. Here, we present an overview of the contributions of mitogenome for spp. from human and non-human primates. In addition, we carry out structural and phylogenetic comparative analyses with genomes of species available in public datasets. The complete mt genomes of and sp. from and from are 14,091 bp, 14,047 bp and 14,089 bp in length, respectively. The three mt genomes are circular and consist of 37 genes-13 PCGs (1-3, 1-6, 4L, 6, 8 and b), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), and two rRNAs (L and S). The molecular evidence presented here supports the hypothesis that de (TMF31) and de (TPM1) were similar but genetically different with respect to sp. from macaques (TMM5). The phylogenetic study also supported the evolution of the different species. In conclusion, we suggest the existence of two cryptic species parasitizing .
PubMed: 33562044
DOI: 10.3390/life11020126 -
Genes Feb 2023Baboons (genus ) are an intriguing study system to investigate complex evolutionary processes and the evolution of social systems. An increasing number of studies over... (Review)
Review
Baboons (genus ) are an intriguing study system to investigate complex evolutionary processes and the evolution of social systems. An increasing number of studies over the last 20 years has shown that considerable incongruences exist between phylogenies based on morphology, mitochondrial, and nuclear sequence data of modern baboons, and hybridization and introgression have been suggested as the main drivers of these patterns. Baboons, therefore, present an excellent opportunity to study these phenomena and their impact on speciation. Advances both in geographic and genomic coverage provide increasing details on the complexity of the phylogeography of baboons. Here, we compile the georeferenced genetic data of baboons and review the current knowledge on baboon phylogeny, discuss the evolutionary processes that may have shaped the patterns that we observe today, and propose future avenues for research.
Topics: Animals; Papio; Phylogeny; Phylogeography; Hybridization, Genetic; Genomics
PubMed: 36980887
DOI: 10.3390/genes14030614 -
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal... Aug 2020To balance the trade-offs of male co-residence, males living in multi-male groups may exchange ritualized greetings. Although these non-aggressive signals are widespread... (Review)
Review
To balance the trade-offs of male co-residence, males living in multi-male groups may exchange ritualized greetings. Although these non-aggressive signals are widespread in the animal kingdom, the repertoire described in the genus is exceptional, involving potentially harmful behaviours such as genital fondling. Such greetings are among the most striking male baboon social interactions, yet their function remains disputed. Drawing on the comprehensive analysis from our own research on wild Guinea baboons, combined with a survey of the literature into other baboon species, we review the form and function of male-male ritualized greetings and their relation to the various social systems present in this genus. These ritualized signals differ between species in their occurrence, form and function. While ritualized greetings are rare in species with the most intense contest competition, the complexity of and risk involved in greeting rituals increase with the degree of male-male tolerance and cooperation. The variety of societies found in this genus, combined with its role as a model for human socioecological evolution, sheds light on the evolution of ritualized behaviour in non-human primates and rituals in humans. This article is part of the theme issue 'Ritual renaissance: new insights into the most human of behaviours'.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Biological Evolution; Ceremonial Behavior; Cultural Evolution; Female; Male; Papio
PubMed: 32594879
DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0420 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... Sep 2022Prolactin (PRL) is a hormone expressed in lactotrophs cells of the pituitary gland in primates. Extra pituitary expression of PRL has been reported, including the eye;...
UNLABELLED
Prolactin (PRL) is a hormone expressed in lactotrophs cells of the pituitary gland in primates. Extra pituitary expression of PRL has been reported, including the eye; however, expression in the developing eye of primates is limited. The aim of the study was determining the expression of and receptor () (mRNAs and proteins) in adult and fetal baboon () ocular tissues.
METHODS
We analyzed PRL and PRLR in baboon eyes tissues by immunofluorescence. The mRNAs of and were detected by RT-PCR, cDNA was cloned, and sequenced. Furthermore, we performed a phylogenetic analysis to identify the evolutionary forces that underlie the divergence of and primate genes.
RESULTS
We observed the expression of PRL and PRLR (mRNAs and proteins) in all retinal cell lineages of fetal and adult baboon. and fit the hypothesis of evolutionary purifying gene selection.
CONCLUSIONS
mRNA and protein of PRL and PRLR are expressed in fetal and adult baboon retinal tissue. PRL may trigger autocrine and paracrine-specific actions in retinal cell lines.
PubMed: 36078009
DOI: 10.3390/ani12172288 -
Current Biology : CB Sep 2013
Topics: Altruism; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Chiroptera; Cooperative Behavior; Female; Grooming; Humans; Male; Pan troglodytes; Papio
PubMed: 24070439
DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2013.03.052 -
Scientific Reports Jan 2018The Old World non-human primates (NHP) - baboons (Papio spp.) share similarities with humans regarding fetal and placental development and some pregnancy-related...
The Old World non-human primates (NHP) - baboons (Papio spp.) share similarities with humans regarding fetal and placental development and some pregnancy-related complications. Information about the mechanism of birth and complications arising during parturition in these species is relatively sparse. In this manuscript, we add information from a series of pathological and observational cases to highlight insights and selected complications of birth in Papio spp, based on video-recording of the delivery process, X-ray, MRI, and ultrasound evaluations in pregnant baboons. Additionally, we abstracted pathology records obtained from perinatal loss in a large baboon colony during a 17 year period. The presented cases provide important information for the management of pregnancy and delivery in Papio spp.
Topics: Animals; Female; Gestational Age; Labor, Obstetric; Male; Papio; Parturition; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications
PubMed: 29352119
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19221-4 -
Science Advances Oct 2023Humans are strategic cooperators; we make decisions on the basis of costs and benefits to maintain high levels of cooperation, and this is thought to have played a key...
Humans are strategic cooperators; we make decisions on the basis of costs and benefits to maintain high levels of cooperation, and this is thought to have played a key role in human evolution. In comparison, monkeys and apes might lack the cognitive capacities necessary to develop flexible forms of cooperation. We show that Guinea baboons () can use direct reciprocity and partner choice to develop and maintain high levels of cooperation in a prosocial choice task. Our findings demonstrate that monkeys have the cognitive capacities to adjust their level of cooperation strategically using a combination of partner choice and partner control strategies. Such capacities were likely present in our common ancestor and would have provided the foundations for the evolution of typically human forms of cooperation.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Papio papio; Hominidae; Cooperative Behavior
PubMed: 37889969
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi5282