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TheScientificWorldJournal Feb 2011Phimosis is a condition in which the prepuce cannot be retracted over the glans penis. Actually, physiologic phimosis is common in male patients up to 3 years of age,... (Review)
Review
Phimosis is a condition in which the prepuce cannot be retracted over the glans penis. Actually, physiologic phimosis is common in male patients up to 3 years of age, but often extends into older age groups. Balanoposthitisis a common inflammation occurring in 4-11% of uncircumcised boys. Circumcision is generally undertaken for three reasons: first, as an item of religious practice, typically neonatally although occasionally transpubertally, as a rite of passage; second, as a prophylactic measure against future ailments for the reduction in the risk of penile cancer, urinary tract infection, and sexually transmitted infection; and third, for immediate medical indication. Balanitisxeroticaobliterans is an infiltrative skin condition that causes a pathological phimosis and has been considered to be the only absolute indication for circumcision. Various kinds of effective alternatives to circumcision have been described, including manual retraction therapy, topical steroid therapy, and several variations of preputioplasty. All of these treatments have the ability to retract the foreskin as their goal and do not involve the removal of the entire foreskin. Paraphimosis is a condition in which the foreskin is left retracted. When manipulation is not effective, a dorsal slit should be done, which is usually followed by circumcision.
Topics: Circumcision, Male; Humans; Male; Paraphimosis; Penile Diseases; Phimosis
PubMed: 21298220
DOI: 10.1100/tsw.2011.31 -
International Journal of Impotence... May 2022Preputioplasty denotes various surgical techniques directed at resolving phimosis without the need for radical or partial circumcision. This narrative review summarizes... (Review)
Review
Preputioplasty denotes various surgical techniques directed at resolving phimosis without the need for radical or partial circumcision. This narrative review summarizes the best-known surgical techniques of preputioplasty. A MEDLINE and EMBASE-based literature search of original manuscripts and case reports published in English has been carried out using the following key words: "circumcision", "partial circumcision", "phimosis", "paraphimosis", and "preputioplasty". Six different procedures are explored in more detail and illustrated. The complication rates of all surgical procedures presented here are reported to be low. In cases of medical (rather than cultural and religious) indications, foreskin-preserving procedures present useful alternatives to circumcision in the routine clinical practice of urologists and pediatric surgeons.
Topics: Child; Circumcision, Male; Foreskin; Humans; Male; Phimosis
PubMed: 34853437
DOI: 10.1038/s41443-021-00505-9 -
American Family Physician Mar 1999Adult circumcision can be performed under local or regional anesthesia. Medical indications for this procedure include phimosis, paraphimosis, recurrent balanitis and... (Review)
Review
Adult circumcision can be performed under local or regional anesthesia. Medical indications for this procedure include phimosis, paraphimosis, recurrent balanitis and posthitis (inflammation of the prepuce). Nonmedical reasons may be social, cultural, personal or religious. The procedure is commonly performed using either the dorsal slit or the sleeve technique. The dorsal slit is especially useful in patients who have phimosis. The sleeve technique may provide better control of bleeding in patients with large subcutaneous veins. A dorsal penile nerve block, with or without a circumferential penile block, provides adequate anesthesia. Informed consent must be obtained. Possible complications of adult circumcision include infection, bleeding, poor cosmetic results and a change in sensation during intercourse.
Topics: Adult; Circumcision, Male; Contraindications; Humans; Informed Consent; Male; Nerve Block; Patient Selection
PubMed: 10193593
DOI: No ID Found -
The Southern Medical Record Oct 1876
PubMed: 36023370
DOI: No ID Found -
Dermatology Online Journal Jul 2018Intimate body piercings involving the nipple and genitalia have increased in prevalence in both men and women. Despite this increase, there is a deficiency in the... (Review)
Review
Intimate body piercings involving the nipple and genitalia have increased in prevalence in both men and women. Despite this increase, there is a deficiency in the literature regarding the short and long-term complications of body piercings, including an increased risk of infection, malignancy, and structural damage to the associated tissue. Breast abscesses associated with nipple piercing can be mistaken as inflammatory carcinoma. Male genital piercings have been associated with urethral rupture, paraphimosis, urethral obstruction, scar formation, and squamous cell carcinoma, whereas female genital piercings may lead to a higher risk of pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections. There are additional problems related to piercings during pregnancy and thereafter. Nipple piercings can hinder breast feeding by inhibiting the milk letdown reflex, increasing nipple sensitivity, and causing discomfort to the infant. Removal of genital piercings during pregnancy could introduce bacteria into the piercing tract, but retaining the piercings could theoretically hinder childbirth. Prevention of complications is critical. Patients must understand the risks of piercings and disclose relevant medical conditions to the practitioner before the procedure. The piercings should be carried out in a hygienic and sterile manner. Finally, physicians should maintain a non-judgmental attitude to encourage patients to seek medical care for complications.
Topics: Body Piercing; Breast Diseases; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Genital Diseases, Male; Genitalia, Female; Humans; Male; Nipples; Penis; Umbilicus
PubMed: 30261561
DOI: No ID Found -
American Family Physician Dec 2000Paraphimosis is a urologic emergency, occurring in uncircumcised males, in which the foreskin becomes trapped behind the corona and forms a tight band of constricting... (Review)
Review
Paraphimosis is a urologic emergency, occurring in uncircumcised males, in which the foreskin becomes trapped behind the corona and forms a tight band of constricting tissue. Often iatrogenically induced, paraphimosis can be prevented by returning the prepuce to cover the glans following penile manipulation. Treatment often begins with reduction of edema, followed by a variety of options, including mechanical compression, pharmacologic therapy, puncture technique and dorsal slit. Prevention and early intervention are key elements in the management of paraphimosis.
Topics: Humans; Male; Paraphimosis; Patient Education as Topic; Teaching Materials
PubMed: 11142469
DOI: No ID Found -
BMC Pediatrics Feb 2012Circumcision is a common procedure, but regional and societal attitudes differ on whether there is a need for a male to be circumcised and, if so, at what age. This is... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Circumcision is a common procedure, but regional and societal attitudes differ on whether there is a need for a male to be circumcised and, if so, at what age. This is an important issue for many parents, but also pediatricians, other doctors, policy makers, public health authorities, medical bodies, and males themselves.
DISCUSSION
We show here that infancy is an optimal time for clinical circumcision because an infant's low mobility facilitates the use of local anesthesia, sutures are not required, healing is quick, cosmetic outcome is usually excellent, costs are minimal, and complications are uncommon. The benefits of infant circumcision include prevention of urinary tract infections (a cause of renal scarring), reduction in risk of inflammatory foreskin conditions such as balanoposthitis, foreskin injuries, phimosis and paraphimosis. When the boy later becomes sexually active he has substantial protection against risk of HIV and other viral sexually transmitted infections such as genital herpes and oncogenic human papillomavirus, as well as penile cancer. The risk of cervical cancer in his female partner(s) is also reduced. Circumcision in adolescence or adulthood may evoke a fear of pain, penile damage or reduced sexual pleasure, even though unfounded. Time off work or school will be needed, cost is much greater, as are risks of complications, healing is slower, and stitches or tissue glue must be used.
SUMMARY
Infant circumcision is safe, simple, convenient and cost-effective. The available evidence strongly supports infancy as the optimal time for circumcision.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Circumcision, Male; Culture; Humans; Infant; Male; Penile Diseases; Risk Assessment; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Urinary Tract Infections
PubMed: 22373281
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2431-12-20 -
Journal of Surgical Case Reports Nov 2022We discuss a case report of a 38-year-old uncircumcised male on pre-exposure prophylaxis for human immunodeficiency virus who presents to the emergency department for...
We discuss a case report of a 38-year-old uncircumcised male on pre-exposure prophylaxis for human immunodeficiency virus who presents to the emergency department for painful lesions over his penile region following unprotected sexual intercourse. Following the development of these lesions he developed painless, itchy pustules over his bilateral arms and back. He also had extensive pain and swelling over his penile region, which prevented him from unretracting his foreskin. , Herpes simplex virus, and syphilis tests were negative. He was positive for orthopoxvirus using polymerase chain reaction. A diagnosis of paraphimosis as a complication of monkeypox infection was made.
PubMed: 36452291
DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjac533