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Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2023Growing interest has been focused on lactic acid bacteria as alternatives to antimicrobial growth promoters, which are characterized by the production of various...
Growing interest has been focused on lactic acid bacteria as alternatives to antimicrobial growth promoters, which are characterized by the production of various functional metabolites, such as antimicrobial and antioxidants compounds. The present study was undertaken to evaluate a potential probiotic from the antioxidant perspective. LC-9-1, screened from the intestines of healthy animals, was revealed to be on the basis of its morphological, biochemical, and molecular characteristics. The strain has excellent properties, including acid-production efficiency, antibacterial performance and antioxidant activity. The safety of the strain was also evaluated. Furthermore, the experiments in broiler chickens suggested that dietary LC-9-1 supplementation improved the growth performance and decreased the abdominal fat, and enhanced the antioxidant capability and intestinal innate immunity of broilers. Analysis of intestinal microbiota showed that a higher community diversity (Shannon index) was achieved. In addition to the significantly increased relative abundances of spp., beneficial genera such as spp. and spp. were abundant, while opportunistic pathogens such as spp. were significantly reduced in LC-9-1-supplemented broilers. Collectively, such in-depth characterization and the available data will guide future efforts to develop next-generation probiotics, and LC-9-1 could be considered a potential strain for further utilization in direct-fed microbial or starter culture for fermentation.
PubMed: 36829774
DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020215 -
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Feb 2013The ability to produce diacetyl from pyruvate and l-serine was studied in various strains of Pediococcus pentosaceus and Pediococcus acidilactici isolated from cheese....
The ability to produce diacetyl from pyruvate and l-serine was studied in various strains of Pediococcus pentosaceus and Pediococcus acidilactici isolated from cheese. After being incubated on both substrates, only P. pentosaceus produced significant amounts of diacetyl. This property correlated with measurable serine dehydratase activity in cell extracts. A gene encoding the serine dehydratase (dsdA) was identified in P. pentosaceus, and strains that showed no serine dehydratase activity carried mutations that rendered the gene product inactive. A functional dsdA was cloned from P. pentosaceus FAM19132 and expressed in Escherichia coli. The purified recombinant enzyme catalyzed the formation of pyruvate from L- and D-serine and was active at low pH and elevated NaCl concentrations, environmental conditions usually present in cheese. Analysis of the amino acid profiles of culture supernatants from dsdA wild-type and dsdA mutant strains of P. pentosaceus did not show differences in serine levels. In contrast, P. acidilactici degraded serine. Moreover, this species also catabolized threonine and produced alanine and α-aminobutyrate.
Topics: Cheese; Cloning, Molecular; Diacetyl; Enzyme Stability; Escherichia coli; Gene Expression; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; L-Serine Dehydratase; Pediococcus; Pyruvic Acid; Recombinant Proteins; Serine; Sodium Chloride
PubMed: 23241976
DOI: 10.1128/AEM.03085-12 -
Clinical Microbiology Reviews Jul 1990Vancomycin and teicoplanin are glycopeptides active against a wide range of gram-positive bacteria. For 30 years following the discovery of vancomycin in 1956,... (Review)
Review
Vancomycin and teicoplanin are glycopeptides active against a wide range of gram-positive bacteria. For 30 years following the discovery of vancomycin in 1956, vancomycin resistance was not detected among normally susceptible bacteria recovered from human specimens. Since 1986, however, bacteria resistant to vancomycin or teicoplanin or both have been described. Strains of the genera Leuconostoc, Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, and Erysipelothrix seem inherently resistant to glycopeptides. Species and strains of enterococci and coagulase-negative staphylococci appear to have acquired or developed resistance. There are at least two categories of glycopeptide resistance among enterococci, characterized by either high-level resistance to vancomycin (MIC, greater than or equal to 64 mg/liter) and teicoplanin (MIC, greater than or equal to 8 mg/liter) or lower-level vancomycin resistance (MIC, 32 to 64 mg/liter) and teicoplanin susceptibility (MIC, less than or equal to 1 mg/liter). The two categories appear to have similar resistance mechanisms, although genetic and biochemical studies indicate that they have arisen independently. Among coagulase-negative staphylococci, strains for which vancomycin MICs are up to 20 mg/liter or teicoplanin MICs are 16 to 32 mg/liter have been reported, but cross-resistance between these glycopeptides varies. The selective advantage accorded to glycopeptide-resistant bacteria and the observation that high-level resistance in enterococci is transferable suggest that such resistance may be expected to increase in incidence. Clinicians and microbiologists need to be aware of this emerging problem.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Erysipelothrix; Glycopeptides; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Humans; Lactobacillus; Leuconostoc; Molecular Structure; Pediococcus; Staphylococcus; Streptococcus; Teicoplanin; Vancomycin
PubMed: 2143434
DOI: 10.1128/CMR.3.3.280 -
Journal of Food Protection Mar 2019The germination conditions of sprouted vegetables consisting of relatively high temperatures and humidity, low light, and abundance of nutrients are ideal for pathogen...
The germination conditions of sprouted vegetables consisting of relatively high temperatures and humidity, low light, and abundance of nutrients are ideal for pathogen survival and growth. The continual occurrence of outbreaks and recalls associated with sprout vegetables indicate additional measures are needed to improve product safety. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a mixture of Lactobacillus plantarum, Pediococcus acidilactici, and Pediococcus pentosaceus (LPP) against Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella on alfalfa sprouts during 5 days of sprouting at 20°C and its influence on sprout quality. Alfalfa seeds were inoculated with L. monocytogenes or Salmonella (each at 1 and 3 log CFU/g) and LPP (7 log CFU/g). Populations of LPP were maintained at 7.5 to 8.0 log CFU/g throughout sprouting. LPP had a significant effect on the growth of L. monocytogenes and Salmonella ( P < 0.05). After 5 days of sprouting, populations of L. monocytogenes at an initial concentration of 1 and 3 log CFU/g of seeds treated with LPP were approximately 4.5 and 1.0 log CFU/g less than the untreated seeds, respectively. Populations of Salmonella at an initial concentration of 1 and 3 log CFU/g were 1.0 log CFU/g less than the control. LPP did not compromise the yield, seedling length, or pH of the sprouts.
Topics: Antibiosis; Colony Count, Microbial; Food Contamination; Food Microbiology; Lactobacillus plantarum; Listeria monocytogenes; Medicago sativa; Pediococcus acidilactici; Pediococcus pentosaceus; Salmonella; Seeds; Vegetables
PubMed: 30810377
DOI: 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-18-391 -
International Journal of Molecular... Aug 2022The present study evaluated the properties and ochratoxin A (OTA) degradation capacity of the dietary probiotic BalaMMB-P3, isolated from a milk coagulant. The acidic...
The present study evaluated the properties and ochratoxin A (OTA) degradation capacity of the dietary probiotic BalaMMB-P3, isolated from a milk coagulant. The acidic tolerance of the isolate at pH 2-3 was checked with bile salts. No hemolytic activity was noted, which confirmed the nonpathogenicity of the strain. The isolate was tested in vitro for antibiotic susceptibility, enzymatic activity, bile salts hydrolase activity and antifungal activity against , and . A molecular docking-based OTA toxicity assessment was carried out for multitargeted proteins. The 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenetic assessment identified the strain as and was authenticated in GenBank. The carboxylesterase and glutathione s-transferase enzymes showed active and strong interactions with esters and amide bonds, respectively. The compound exhibited carcinogenic and cytotoxicity effects at an LD value of 20 mg/kg. Furthermore, the strain showed a potent ability to reduce OTA and suggested the prospects for utilization in nutritional aspects of food.
Topics: Bile Acids and Salts; Molecular Docking Simulation; Ochratoxins; Pediococcus; Pediococcus pentosaceus; Phylogeny; Probiotics; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 36012326
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169062 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2022Wheat flour, the most important source of food globally, is also one of the most common causative agents of food allergy. Wheat gluten protein, which accounts for 80% of...
Wheat flour, the most important source of food globally, is also one of the most common causative agents of food allergy. Wheat gluten protein, which accounts for 80% of the total wheat protein, is a major determinant of important wheat-related disorders. In this study, the effects of against gluten-induced allergy were investigated in a mouse model. The oral administration of attenuated clinical and intestinal allergic responses in allergic mice. Further results showed that regulated Th1/Th2 immune balance toward Th1 polarization, which subsequently induced a reduction in gluten-specific IgE production. We also found that modulated gut microbiota homeostasis by balancing the / ratio and increasing bacterial diversity and the abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria. Specifically, the abundance of and is positively correlated with concentrations of gluten-specific IgE and may act as a fecal biomarker for diagnosis. The evidence for the role of in alleviating gluten-induced allergic responses sheds light on the application of in treating wheat allergy.
Topics: Allergens; Animals; Flour; Food Hypersensitivity; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Glutens; Immunoglobulin E; Mice; Pediococcus acidilactici; Triticum
PubMed: 35531345
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.845142 -
Cell Communication and Signaling : CCS Jan 2024Alzheimer's disease (AD), affecting many elders worldwide, is characterized by A-beta and tau-related cognitive decline. Accumulating evidence suggests that brain iron...
BACKGROUND
Alzheimer's disease (AD), affecting many elders worldwide, is characterized by A-beta and tau-related cognitive decline. Accumulating evidence suggests that brain iron accumulation is an important characteristic of AD. However, the function and mechanism of the iron-mediated gut-brain axis on AD is still unclear.
METHODS
A Caenorhabditis elegans model with tau-overexpression and a high-Fe diet mouse model of cognitive impairment was used for probiotic function evaluation. With the use of qPCR, and immunoblotting, the probiotic regulated differential expression of AD markers and iron related transporting genes was determined. Colorimetric kits, IHC staining, and immunofluorescence have been performed to explore the probiotic mechanism on the development of gut-brain links and brain iron accumulation.
RESULTS
In the present study, a high-Fe diet mouse model was used for evaluation in which cognitive impairment, higher A-beta, tau and phosphorylated (p)-tau expression, and dysfunctional phosphate distribution were observed. Considering the close crosstalk between intestine and brain, probiotics were then employed to delay the process of cognitive impairment in the HFe mouse model. Pediococcus acidilactici (PA), but not Bacillus subtilis (BN) administration in HFe-fed mice reduced brain iron accumulation, enhanced global alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity, accelerated dephosphorylation, lowered phosphate levels and increased brain urate production. In addition, because PA regulated cognitive behavior in HFe fed mice, we used the transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans with over-expressed human p-tau for model, and then PA fed worms became more active and longer lived than E.coli fed worms, as well as p-tau was down-regulated. These results suggest that brain iron accumulation influences AD risk proteins and various metabolites. Furthermore, PA was shown to reverse tau-induced pathogenesis via iron transporters and AP-urate interaction.
CONCLUSIONS
PA administration studies demonstrate that PA is an important mediator of tau protein reduction, p-tau expression and neurodegenerative behavior both in Caenorhabditis elegans and iron-overload mice. Finally, our results provide candidates for AP modulation strategies as preventive tools for promoting brain health. Video Abstract.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Humans; Aged; Pediococcus acidilactici; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Caenorhabditis elegans; Uric Acid; Mice, Transgenic; Alzheimer Disease; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Iron; Phosphates
PubMed: 38291511
DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01419-3 -
Scientific Reports Jul 2020Pediococcus pentosaceus LBM 18 has shown potential as producer of an antibacterial and antifungal bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance (BLIS). BLIS inhibited the growth...
Pediococcus pentosaceus LBM 18 has shown potential as producer of an antibacterial and antifungal bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance (BLIS). BLIS inhibited the growth of spoilage bacteria belonging to Lactobacillus, Enterococcus and Listeria genera with higher activity than Nisaplin used as control. It gave rise to inhibition halos with diameters from 9.70 to 20.00 mm, with Lactobacillus sakei being the most sensitive strain (13.50-20.00 mm). It also effectively suppressed the growth of fungi isolated from corn grain silage for up to 25 days and impaired morphology of colonies by likely affecting fungal membranes. These results point out that P. pentosaceus BLIS may be used as a new promising alternative to conventional antibacterial and antifungal substances, with potential applications in agriculture and food industry as a natural bio-controlling agent. Moreover, cytotoxicity and cell death induction tests demonstrated cytotoxicity and toxicity of BLIS to human colon adenocarcinoma Caco-2cells but not to peripheral blood mononuclear cells, with suggests possible applications of BLIS also in medical-pharmaceutical applications.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Antifungal Agents; Bacteriocins; Biological Products; Cell Survival; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Pediococcus pentosaceus; Spectrum Analysis
PubMed: 32704020
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68922-2 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2023Selenium (Se) is in great demand as a health supplement due to its superior reactivity and excellent bioavailability, despite selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) having signs...
Selenium (Se) is in great demand as a health supplement due to its superior reactivity and excellent bioavailability, despite selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) having signs of minor toxicity. At present, the efficiency of preparing SeNPs using lactic acid bacteria is unsatisfactory. Therefore, a probiotic bacterial strain that is highly efficient at converting selenite to elemental selenium is needed. In our work, four selenite-reducing bacteria were isolated from soil samples. Strain LAB-Se2, identified as DSM20284, had a reduction rate of up to 98% at ambient temperature. This strain could reduce 100 mg L of selenite to elemental Se within 48 h at pH 4.5-6.0, a temperature of 30-40 °C, and a salinity of 1.0-6.5%. The produced SeNPs were purified, freeze-dried, and subsequently systematically characterised using FTIR, DSL, SEM-EDS, and TEM techniques. SEM-EDS analysis proved the presence of selenium as the foremost constituent of SeNPs. The strain was able to form spherical SeNPs, as determined by TEM. In addition, DLS analysis confirmed that SeNPs were negatively charged (-26.9 mV) with an average particle size of 239.6 nm. FTIR analysis of the SeNPs indicated proteins and polysaccharides as capping agents on the SeNPs. The SeNPs synthesised by showed remarkable antibacterial activity against , , , and with inhibition zones of 17.5 mm, 13.4 mm, 27.9 mm, and 16.2 mm, respectively; they also showed varied MIC values in the range of 15-120 μg mL. The DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl, and superoxide scavenging activities of the SeNPs were 70.3%, 72.8%, 95.2%, and 85.7%, respectively. The SeNPs synthesised by the probiotic have the potential for safe use in biomedical and nutritional applications.
Topics: Selenium; Selenious Acid; Pediococcus acidilactici; Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus; Nanoparticles
PubMed: 37175203
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093793 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jan 2022In the present study, thirty two lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from fermented Indian herbal medicine. In comparison to other strains, MNL5 had stronger bile...
In the present study, thirty two lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from fermented Indian herbal medicine. In comparison to other strains, MNL5 had stronger bile salt hydrolase (BSH) and cholesterol-lowering properties. Furthermore, it can withstand the extreme conditions found in the GI tract, due to, e.g., pepsin, bile salts, pancreatin, and acids. MNL5 was identified as a probiotic candidate after sequencing the 16S rRNA gene. The antibacterial activity of MNL5 cell-free supernatants (CFS) against , , , and was moderate. A experiment was also performed to assess the effectiveness of MNL5 supplementation to increase life span compared to supplementation (DAF-2 and LIU1 models) ( < 0.05). An immense reduction of the lipid droplets of was identified through a fluorescent microscope. The drastic alteration of the expression of fat genes is related to obesity phenotypes. Hence, several paths are evolutionary for ; the results of our work highlight the nematode as an important model for obesity.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Obesity Agents; Bile Acids and Salts; Caenorhabditis elegans; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; Fermentation; Herbal Medicine; Lactobacillales; Obesity; Pediococcus acidilactici; Probiotics; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 35163199
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031276