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Poultry Science Jun 2018This study compared the efficacy of Pediococcus acidilactici, mannan-oligosaccharide, butyric acid, and their combination on growth performance and intestinal health in...
Effects of Pediococcus acidilactici, mannan-oligosaccharide, butyric acid and their combination on growth performance and intestinal health in young broiler chickens challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium.
This study compared the efficacy of Pediococcus acidilactici, mannan-oligosaccharide, butyric acid, and their combination on growth performance and intestinal health in broiler chickens challenged with S. Typhimurium. Ross 308 male broilers (n = 420) were randomly assigned to one of the 6 treatments, resulting in 5 replicate pens of 14 chicks per treatment. The treatments included a negative control [(NC), no additive, not challenged]; positive control [(PC), no additive, but challenged with S. Typhimurium at d 3 posthatch], and 4 groups whereby birds were challenged with S. Typhimurium at d 3 posthatch and fed diets supplemented with either probiotic [0.1 g/kg Pediococcus acidilactici (PA)], prebiotic [2 g/kg mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS)], organic acid [0.5 g/kg butyric acid (BA)], or a combination of the 3 additives (MA). The S. Typhimurium challenge decreased feed intake, body weight gain and increased feed conversion ratio and reduced jejunum villus height (VH) and VH to crypt depth (CD) ratio (P < 0.05). Birds on the MA treatment exhibited similar performance to birds on the NC treatment (P > 0.05) and had a lower population of Salmonella in the ceca compared with birds on the PC treatment, at d 14 and 21 post-challenge (P < 0.05). The lowest heterophil to lymphocyte ratio was observed in birds on the MA and NC treatments (P < 0.05). Birds fed diets supplemented with MA or PA had greater VH and VH: CD ratio than birds on the PC treatment at d 7, 14 and 21 d post-challenge (P < 0.05). Suppressed amylase and protease activity was observed as a result of the S. Typhimurium challenge; the enzyme levels were restored in birds fed the additive-supplemented diets, when compared to the birds on the PC treatment, particularly at d 21 post-challenge (P < 0.05). These results indicate that dietary supplementation with a combination of PA, BA, and MOS in broiler chickens could be used as an effective tool for controlling S. Typhimurium and promoting growth performance.
Topics: Animal Feed; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Butyric Acid; Chickens; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Mannans; Oligosaccharides; Pediococcus acidilactici; Poultry Diseases; Probiotics; Random Allocation; Salmonella Infections, Animal; Salmonella typhimurium
PubMed: 29514269
DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey035 -
Microbial Biotechnology Feb 2023To explore the biofuel production potential of Caragana korshinskii Kom., Pediococcus acidilactici and an exogenous fibrolytic enzyme were employed to investigate the...
To explore the biofuel production potential of Caragana korshinskii Kom., Pediococcus acidilactici and an exogenous fibrolytic enzyme were employed to investigate the fermentation profile, structural carbohydrates degradation, enzymatic saccharification and the dynamics of bacterial community of C. korshinskii silage. After 60 d of ensiling, all additives increased the fermentation quality. The highest lactic and acetic acids and lowest non-protein nitrogen (NPN) and ammonia nitrogen (NH -N) were observed in P. acidilactici and Acremonium cellulase (PA + AC) treated silage. Additionally, all additives significantly increased the ferulic acid content and fibre degradability with the highest values obtained from PA + AC silage. The bacterial community in all silages was dominated by P. acidilactici throughout the entire fermentation process. The bacterial community was also modified by the silage additives exhibiting a relatively simple network of bacterial interaction characterized by a lower bacterial diversity in P. acidilactici (PA) treated silage. The highest 6-phospho-beta-glucosidase abundance was observed in PA-treated silage at the mid-later stage of ensiling. PA treatment exhibited lower structural carbohydrates degradation but performed better in lignocellulose conversion during enzymatic saccharification. These results indicated that pretreating C. korshinskii improved its silage quality and potential use as a lignocellulosic feedstock for the production of bio-product and biofuel.
Topics: Cellulases; Pediococcus acidilactici; Caragana; Biofuels; Carbohydrates; Bacteria; Cellulase; Fermentation; Silage
PubMed: 35960257
DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14130 -
Bioscience, Biotechnology, and... 2011Fermented buckwheat sprouts (FBS) are used as multifunctional foods. Their production process includes fermentation with lactic acid bacteria. The major strains were...
Fermented buckwheat sprouts (FBS) are used as multifunctional foods. Their production process includes fermentation with lactic acid bacteria. The major strains were found to include Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus pentosus, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, and Pediococcus pentosaceus in an investigation of the lactic acid bacteria. We searched for the functional components, and nicotianamine (NA) and 2″-hydroxynicotianamine (HNA) were identified as angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. NA and HNA increased during fermentation. Indole-3-ethanol was identified as an antioxidant (a SOD active substance), and may have been generated from tryptophan during fermentation because it was not contained in green buckwheat juice. A safety test demonstrated that FBS contained were safe functional food components, showing negative results in buckwheat allergy tests. Any buckwheat allergy substances might have been degraded during the fermentation process.
Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Antioxidants; Azetidinecarboxylic Acid; Biological Products; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Fagopyrum; Fermentation; Indoles; Lactic Acid; Lactobacillus; Lactococcus lactis; Pediococcus; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; Superoxide Dismutase
PubMed: 21897039
DOI: 10.1271/bbb.110241 -
Journal of Medical Primatology Jun 2012The rhesus monkey is an important animal model to study human vaginal health to which lactic acid bacteria play a significant role. However, the vaginal lactic acid...
BACKGROUND
The rhesus monkey is an important animal model to study human vaginal health to which lactic acid bacteria play a significant role. However, the vaginal lactic acid bacterial species richness and relative abundance in rhesus monkeys is largely unknown.
METHODS
Vaginal swab samples were aseptically obtained from 200 reproductive-aged female rhesus monkeys. Following Rogosa agar plating, single bacterial colonies representing different morphotypes were isolated and analyzed for whole-cell protein profile, species-specific polymerase chain reaction, and 16S rRNA gene sequence.
RESULTS
A total of 510 Lactobacillus strains of 17 species and one Pediococcus acidilactici were identified. The most abundant species was Lactobacillus reuteri, which colonized the vaginas of 86% monkeys. Lactobacillus johnsonii was the second most abundant species, which colonized 36% of monkeys. The majority of monkeys were colonized by multiple Lactobacillus species.
CONCLUSIONS
The vaginas of rhesus monkeys are frequently colonized by multiple Lactobacillus species, dominated by L. reuteri.
Topics: Animals; Female; Lactobacillus; Macaca mulatta; Pediococcus; Phylogeny; Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Species Specificity; Vagina
PubMed: 22429090
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0684.2012.00537.x -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Dec 2020Linn (African star apple) is a fruit with extensive nutritional and medicinal benefits. The fruit and kernel in the seed are both edible. Strains of lactic acid...
Linn (African star apple) is a fruit with extensive nutritional and medicinal benefits. The fruit and kernel in the seed are both edible. Strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from fermented seeds and assessed for probiotic characteristics. The extracts in both the unfermented and the fermented aqueous extracts from the kernels obtained from the seeds of were subjected to analysis using the gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. This analysis identified the bioactive compounds present as possible substrate(s) for the associated organisms inducing the fermentation and the resultant biotransformed products formed. Three potential probiotic LAB strains identified as (ProbtA1) (ProbtA2a) and (ProbtA2b) were isolated from the fermented seeds. All strains were non hemolytic, which indicated their safety, Probt (A1, A2a, and A2b) grew in an acidic environment (pH 3.5) during the 48-h incubation time, and all three strains grew in 1% bile, and exhibited good hydrophobicity and auto-aggregation properties. Mucin binding proteins was not detected in any strain, and bile salt hydrolase was detected in all the strains. l-lactic acid (28.57%), norharman (5.07%), formyl 7-hexadecenoate (1.73%), and indole (1.51%) were the four major constituents of the fermented kernel of the , while 2,5-dimethylpyrazine (C1, 1.27%), 3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-2,3-dihydropyran-4-one (C2, 2.90%), indole (C3, 1.31%), norharman (C4, 3.01%), and methyl petroselinate (C5, 4.33%) were the five major constituents of the unfermented kernels. The isolated LAB are safe for consumption. The fermenting process metabolized C1, C2, and C5, which are possible starter cultures for the growth of probiotics. Fermentation is an essential tool for bioengineering molecules in foods into safe and health beneficial products.
Topics: Biotransformation; Fermentation; Food Microbiology; Fruit; Lactococcus; Lactococcus lactis; Pediococcus pentosaceus; Probiotics; Sapotaceae; Seeds
PubMed: 33352625
DOI: 10.3390/molecules25246021 -
Synbiotic of and Inulin Ameliorates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Acute Ulcerative Colitis in Mice.Journal of Microbiology and... Mar 2024Colitis is a major gastrointestinal disease that threatens human health. In this study, a synbiotic composed of inulin and () was investigated for its ability to...
Colitis is a major gastrointestinal disease that threatens human health. In this study, a synbiotic composed of inulin and () was investigated for its ability to alleviate dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. The results revealed that the synbiotic, composed of inulin and , attenuated the body weight loss and disease activity index (DAI) score in mice with DSS-mediated colitis. Determination of biochemical indicators found that the synbiotic increased anti-oxidation and alleviated inflammation in mice. Additionally, histopathological examination revealed that colonic goblet cell loss and severe mucosal damage in the model group were significantly reversed by the combination of inulin and . Moreover, synbiotic treatment significantly reduced the levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the serum of mice. Thus, a synbiotic composed of inulin and has preventive and therapeutic effects on DSSinduced colitis in mice.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Mice; Colitis, Ulcerative; Synbiotics; Inulin; Pediococcus acidilactici; Dextran Sulfate; Colitis; Colon; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Disease Models, Animal
PubMed: 38346819
DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2308.08056 -
Journal of Microbiology and... Mar 2017ID-7 was isolated from kimchi, a Korean fermented food, and it showed high activity for lactose hydrolysis. The β-galactosidase of ID-7 belongs to the GH2 group,...
ID-7 was isolated from kimchi, a Korean fermented food, and it showed high activity for lactose hydrolysis. The β-galactosidase of ID-7 belongs to the GH2 group, which is composed of two distinct proteins. The heterodimeric LacLM type of β-galactosidase found in ID-7 consists of two genes partially overlapped, and encoding LacL (72.2 kDa) and LacM (35.4 kDa). In this study, MM294 was used for the production of LacL, LacM, and LacLM. These three types of recombinant proteins were expressed, purified, and characterized. The specific activities of LacLM and LacL were 339 and 31 U/mg, respectively. However, activity was not detected with LacM alone. The optimal pH of LacLM and LacL was pH 7.5 and pH 7.0, and the optimal temperature of LacLM and LacL was 40°C and 50°C, respectively. The optimal temperature changes indicate that LacLM is able to achieve higher activity at a relatively lower temperature. LacLM was strongly activated by Mg, Mn, and Zn, which was not true for LacL. Consistent with this, EDTA strongly inactivated LacLM and LacL, but the presence of reducing agents did not dramatically alter the activity. Taken together, multiple alignment of amino acid sequences and phylogenetic analysis results of LacL and LacM of ID-7 suggest the evolution of LacL into LacLM and that the use of divalent metal ions results in higher activity.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Cloning, Molecular; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Stability; Gene Expression; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Models, Molecular; Pediococcus pentosaceus; Phylogeny; Protein Conformation; Protein Multimerization; Recombinant Proteins; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Temperature; beta-Galactosidase
PubMed: 27994214
DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1611.11015 -
Scientific Reports May 2024The close link between intestinal microbiota and bone health ('gut-bone' axis) has recently been revealed: the modulation of the amount and nature of bacteria present in...
The close link between intestinal microbiota and bone health ('gut-bone' axis) has recently been revealed: the modulation of the amount and nature of bacteria present in the intestinal tract has an impact on bone health and calcium (Ca) metabolism. Probiotics are known to favorably impact the intestinal microbiota. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of Pediococcus acidilactici CNCM I-4622 (PA) on laying performance, egg/eggshell quality, Ca metabolism and bone mineralization and resistance in relatively old layers (50 wks old at the beginning of the experiment) during 14 weeks. 480 Hy Line brown layers were divided into 2 groups (CON and PA: 3 layers/rep, 80 rep/group) and fed with a diet formulated to be suboptimal in calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) (- 10% of the requirements). The total egg weight was improved by 1.1% overall with PA, related to an improvement of the weight of marketable eggs (+ 0.9%). PA induced a decreased % of downgraded eggs, mainly broken eggs (- 0.4 pts) and FCR improvement (- 0.8% for all eggs, - 0.9% for marketable eggs). PA also led to higher Haugh units (HU: + 7.4%). PA tended to decrease crypt depth after the 14 weeks of supplementation period in the jejunum (- 25.2%) and ileum (- 17.6%). As a consequence, the VH/CD ratio appeared increased by PA at the end of the trial in the jejunum (+ 63.0%) and ileum (+ 48.0%). Ca and P retention were increased by 4 pts following PA supplementation, translating into increased bone hardness (+ 19%), bone cohesiveness (+ 43%) and bone Ca & P (+ 1 pt) for PA-supplemented layers. Blood Ca and P were respectively improved by 5% and 12% with PA. In addition, blood calcitriol and osteocalcin concentrations were respectively improved by + 83% and + 3% in PA group at the end of the trial, compared to CON group. There was no difference between the 2 groups for ALP (alkaline phosphatase) and PTH (parathyroid hormone). PA significantly decreased the expression of the following genes: occludin in the small intestine, calbindin 1 in the ovarian tissue and actin B in the bone. PA therefore improved zootechnical performance of these relatively old layers, and egg quality. The parallel increase in Ca and P in the blood and in the bone following PA supplementation suggests an improvement of the mineral supply for eggshell formation without impacting bone integrity, and even increasing bone resistance.
Topics: Animals; Probiotics; Pediococcus acidilactici; Chickens; Phosphorus; Calcium; Female; Dietary Supplements; Animal Feed; Eggs; Oviposition; Gastrointestinal Microbiome
PubMed: 38821966
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62779-5 -
Cell Communication and Signaling : CCS Jan 2024Alzheimer's disease (AD), affecting many elders worldwide, is characterized by A-beta and tau-related cognitive decline. Accumulating evidence suggests that brain iron...
BACKGROUND
Alzheimer's disease (AD), affecting many elders worldwide, is characterized by A-beta and tau-related cognitive decline. Accumulating evidence suggests that brain iron accumulation is an important characteristic of AD. However, the function and mechanism of the iron-mediated gut-brain axis on AD is still unclear.
METHODS
A Caenorhabditis elegans model with tau-overexpression and a high-Fe diet mouse model of cognitive impairment was used for probiotic function evaluation. With the use of qPCR, and immunoblotting, the probiotic regulated differential expression of AD markers and iron related transporting genes was determined. Colorimetric kits, IHC staining, and immunofluorescence have been performed to explore the probiotic mechanism on the development of gut-brain links and brain iron accumulation.
RESULTS
In the present study, a high-Fe diet mouse model was used for evaluation in which cognitive impairment, higher A-beta, tau and phosphorylated (p)-tau expression, and dysfunctional phosphate distribution were observed. Considering the close crosstalk between intestine and brain, probiotics were then employed to delay the process of cognitive impairment in the HFe mouse model. Pediococcus acidilactici (PA), but not Bacillus subtilis (BN) administration in HFe-fed mice reduced brain iron accumulation, enhanced global alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity, accelerated dephosphorylation, lowered phosphate levels and increased brain urate production. In addition, because PA regulated cognitive behavior in HFe fed mice, we used the transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans with over-expressed human p-tau for model, and then PA fed worms became more active and longer lived than E.coli fed worms, as well as p-tau was down-regulated. These results suggest that brain iron accumulation influences AD risk proteins and various metabolites. Furthermore, PA was shown to reverse tau-induced pathogenesis via iron transporters and AP-urate interaction.
CONCLUSIONS
PA administration studies demonstrate that PA is an important mediator of tau protein reduction, p-tau expression and neurodegenerative behavior both in Caenorhabditis elegans and iron-overload mice. Finally, our results provide candidates for AP modulation strategies as preventive tools for promoting brain health. Video Abstract.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Humans; Aged; Pediococcus acidilactici; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Caenorhabditis elegans; Uric Acid; Mice, Transgenic; Alzheimer Disease; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Iron; Phosphates
PubMed: 38291511
DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01419-3 -
International Journal of Molecular... Apr 2019Amino acids (AAs) are vital elements for growth, reproduction, and maintenance of organisms. Current technology uses genetically engineered microorganisms for AAs...
Amino acids (AAs) are vital elements for growth, reproduction, and maintenance of organisms. Current technology uses genetically engineered microorganisms for AAs production, which has urged the search for a safer food-grade AA producer strain. The extracellular proteolytic activities of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can be a vital tool to hydrolyze extracellular protein molecules into free AAs, thereby exhibiting great potential for functional AA production. In this study, eight LAB isolated from Malaysian foods were determined for their extracellular proteolytic activities and their capability of producing AAs. All studied LAB exhibited versatile extracellular proteolytic activities from acidic to alkaline pH conditions. In comparison, UP-2 exhibited the highest ability to produce 15 AAs extracellularly, including aspartate, lysine, methionine, threonine, isoleucine, glutamate, proline, alanine, valine, leucine, tryptophan, tyrosine, serine, glycine, and cystine, followed by UL-2, UB-6, and UP-1 with 11 to 12 different AAs production detected extracellularly. UL-6 demonstrated the highest increment of proline production at 24 h of incubation. However, UL-3 and I-UL4 exhibited the greatest requirement for AA. The results of this study showed that different LAB possess different extracellular proteolytic activities and potentials as extracellular AA producers.
Topics: Amino Acids; Food; Food Microbiology; Humans; Lactobacillus plantarum; Malaysia; Pediococcus
PubMed: 30974873
DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071777